长对话实战演练
全国统考2017年真题
DiaⅠogue
16．A．A difficult case. B．A trivial illness.
C．A deadly disease. D．A serious condition.
17．A．Cough. B．Fever.
C．Stuffed nose .D．Sore throat.
18．A．A cold. B．Allergy.
C．Sinusitis. D．Pneumonia.
19．A．Whether the man should seek a second opinion.
B．Whether the doctor’s diagnosis is correct or not.
C．Whether the doctor should prescribe an antibiotic.
D．Whether CompliCare should cover the man’s expenses.
20．A．Nice and patient.B．Rushed and impatient.
C．Rational and eloquent.D．Conservative and stubborn.
答案解析
16．【B】尽管男士将自己的病情描述得十分严重，但经过医生检查，最后断定All you’ve got is a cold，即患者只是得了感冒而已。a difficult case“疑难杂症”，a trivial illness“常见小病”，a deadly disease“绝症”，a serious condition“情况严重”，只有B是最符合事实的。
17．【C】男士说“I can’t breathe and I’ve got this yellow stuff.I keep blowing out my nose.”，他不能呼吸，流鼻涕。cough，fever，sore throat都提及了，但患者明确讲到不是很严重的症状（no big deal）。因此本题答案为C。
18．【A】医生非常明确地指出All you’ve got is a cold，即患者得了感冒。
19．【C】患者坚持认为自己病得很严重，且将自己花钱购买保险（pay plenty for this insurance）的问题牵扯了进来。但医生认为患者的病情没有严重到必须使用抗生素的地步（you aren't sick enough to make that worthwhile），且表明自己的诊疗与病人购买保险没有任何关系。因此，这里医患矛盾的焦点在于是否应该开抗生素，正确答案为C。
20．【A】患者的态度比较强硬、急躁，而医生一直在配合患者的描述进行问诊，尽职尽责，因此用nice and patient来形容医生的态度最适合。rushed and impatient（粗鲁、不耐烦），rational and eloquent（理智、夸夸其谈），conservative and stubborn（保守、倔强）都不完全正确。
听力原文
M:Thanks for seeing me on short notice,doc.I wouldn’t come in if I wasn’t nearly dead.
W:Oh?How are you feeling bad?
M:I’ve been sick all week and I’ve scheduled to fly to Portland this weekend.
W:What sort of symptoms?
M:Mostly a sinus infection.I can’t breathe and I’ve got this yellow stuff.I keep blowing out my nose.
W:How is it with your mouth open?
M:That’s fine,but I can’t go around like some kind of fish,you know.
W:OK,then,stuffy head,nasal drainage.What else?
M:That’s it.That’s enough.Usually I get these colds and they’re gone in one or two days.This one I’ve had all week.
W:I see,and any other symptoms?Cough,fever,anything else?
M:Ah,maybe a tickle in my throat.I cough once or twice.No big deal,though.
W:OK,let’s take a look at you.Hop up here on the examination table and slip off your shirt.Hmm.Well,Mr.George,the exam is entirely normal.All you’ve got is a cold. Take one of the over-the-counter decongestants,Dristan or Contac for example, maybe a couple of Aspirins.We’ll see you for your physical in six months.
M:You mean you aren’t going to give me something for this?I’ve got to go out of town in three days and I can’t be sick then.
W:Yes,sometimes we use an antibiotic,but you aren’t sick enough to make that worthwhile.
M:What?I am sick as I want to be.What is this?I’m not sick enough?What’s going on? Is this because I’m capitation in CompliCare?They tell you to save a few bucks by not prescribing penicillin?
W:That doesn’t have anything to do with it.I treat you just like patients who pay right up front.
M:Hey,I pay plenty for this insurance,doc.And I don’t see how I’m getting my money’s worth.
Questions
16．How would you describe the man’s illness?
17．What is the worst symptom of the man?
18．What is the doctor’s diagnosis of the man?
19．What are the man and the doctor quarrelling about?
20．Which of the following can best describe the doctor’s attitude and manner?
全国统考2014年真题
16．A．Because he had difficulty swallowing it.
B．Because it was upsetting his stomach.
C．Because he was allergic to it.
D．Because it was too expensive.
17．A．He can’t play soccer any more.
B．He has a serious foot problem.
C．He needs an operation.
D．He has cancer.
18．A．A blood transfusion.B．An allergy test.
C．A urine test. D．A biopsy.
19．A．To see if he has cancer.
B．To see if he has depression.
C．To see if he requires surgery.
D．To see if he has a food allergy problem.
20．A．Relieved. B．Anxious. C．Angry. D．Depressed.
答案解析
16．【B】病人说自从换了药就不觉得恶心（sick）了。因此换药的原因是病人觉得恶心。故本题答案为B。
17．【C】医生说“That means no soccer.”，即不能踢球，但并非永远不能再踢球，而是3个星期没法踢球。导致这个结果的原因是该病人腿部需要做一个手术。因此本题正确答案为C。
18．【D】通过对话内容可知，病人之前已经做了活组织切片检查（biopsy）。因此答案为D。
19．【D】医生告诉病人还需要做几个血液化验，来排除过敏（allergy）的问题。因此本题答案为D。
20．【A】医生说“The biopsy shows the tumor is benign which means it is not cancerous.We’re going to take it out anyway,just to be on a safe side.”，病人排除了恶性肿瘤等问题，应该是比较放松的。因此本题答案为A。
听力原文
W:Hi,Patrick,how are you feeling today?
M:A bit better.
W:That’s good to hear.Are you still feeling nauseous?
M:No.I haven’t felt sick to my stomach since you switched my medication.
W:Great,say,your test result came this morning.
M:It’s about time.Is it good news or bad?
W:I guess it’s a bit of both.Which do you want first?
M:Let’s get the bad news over with.
W:OK.It looks like you are going to need surgery to remove your tumor from your leg. After the operation you’re going to have to stay off your feet for at least 3 weeks.That means no soccer.
M:Well,I was afraid you were going to say that.
W:Now,for the good news.The biopsy shows the tumor is benign which means it is not cancerous.We’re going to take it out anyway,just to be on the safe side.
M:Wow,that’s a load off my mind.Thanks,doctor.
W:Don’t get too excited.We still need to get to the bottom of all this way of loathing...
M:I probably have just been so worried about the stupid lump.
W:These things often are stress-related,but we’re still going to do a few blood test just to rule a few things out.
M:Things like what?Cancer?
W:Actually,I am thinking more along the line of food allergy.
Questions
16．Why did the man have to switch medication?
17．What is the bad news for the man?
18．What medical procedures has the man already undergone?
19．Why does the doctor ask the man to take a few blood tests?
20．Which of the following can best describe the man’s feeling in the end?
全国统考2010年真题
16．A．He is having a physical checkup.
B．He has just undergone an operation.
C．He has just recovered from an illness.
D．He will be discharged from the hospital this afternoon.
17．A．He got an infection in the lungs.
B．He had his gallbladder inflamed.
C．He was suffering from influenza.
D．He had developed a big kidney tone.
18．A．A bit better. B．Terribly awful.
C．Couldn’t be better. D．Okay,but a bit weak.
19．A．To be confined to a wheelchair.
B．To stay indoors for a complete recovery.
C．To stay in bed and drink a lot of water.
D．To move about and enjoy the sunshine.
20．A．From 4 pm to 6 pm. B．From 5 pm to 7 pm.
C．From 6 pm to 8 pm. D．From 7 pm to 9 pm.
答案解析
16．【B】对话中，女士不断询问男士的身体状况，并说：“you can’t drink anything at the moment.”即“你这时候不能喝水”。男士也说：“The nurses have been giving me mouth washes.”即“护士一直在给我漱口水”。在后面的对话中得知男士长了一块很大的gall stone（胆结石），而且胆囊发炎，由此可以判断男士应该是刚经历了一场手术。所以选B。
17．【B】本题题意是：男士得了什么病？对话中，女士提到：You have a pretty big gall stone and the gallbladder was quite inflamed.即“你长了一大块胆结石，并且胆囊也发炎了”。由此可以判断B是正确选项。D选项中kidney stone是“肾结石”的意思。
18．【D】此题为细节再现。对话中解题有效信息是：I think I am OK.I’m feeling a bit weak at the moment.这说明病人仍旧感到虚弱，故选项D正确。
19．【D】题意是：根据医生的建议，男士应该做什么？对话中，女士对男士说：“But the sooner we have you on the move,the quicker you start to heal.So we’ll help you sit in this chair this afternoon.Enjoy the sunshine.”即“你活动越早，你痊愈就会越快。因此，我们今天下午会扶你坐到椅子上，享受一下阳光吧”。由此可以判断男士会四处活动一下。所以选D。
20．【C】对话中，男士问女士探访时间，女士说：“The visiting hours are from 6 to 8 in the evening.”故应选C。
听力原文
W:Hello!
M:Hello!
W:So,did you have a comfortable night?
M:No,not really.
W:Sorry to hear that.And how are you feeling at the moment?
M:A bit better.
W:You don’t feel sick at all?
M:No,I’m OK.
W:That’s good!Are you having sips of water?
M:No.
W:Would you like some?
M:Well,I don’t really feel like.
W:Ah,you can’t drink anything at the moment.
M:The nurses have been giving me mouth washes.
W:Yes.I think you begin to pick up as the day goes on.And we’ll carry on giving you something to ease the discomfort.Does it hurt much?
M:Well,it does when I move about.
W:Right.But the sooner we have you on the move,the quicker you start to heal.So we’ll help you sit in the chair this afternoon.Enjoy the sunshine.
M:OK,I can’t say I’m really looking forward to that.
W:You have a pretty big gall stone and the gallbladder was quite inflamed.There was a lot of infection around it and inside it.Well,it’s out now.So no need to worry about it.
It won’t cause you any more trouble.
M:Uh.
W:Any more questions or anything we can do for you?
M:No,I think I’m OK.I’m feeling a bit weak at the moment.When will my wife be able to come and see me?The nurses told me before,but I can’t remember.
W:The visiting hours are from 6 to 8 in the evening.
M:OK,thank you.She’ll be here tonight in that case.
W:Fine.I’ll stop in to see you tomorrow.
M:Thank you.
Questions
16．What’s true about the man in the conversation?
17．What was wrong with the man?
18．How is the man feeling now?
19．What’s the man supposed to do according to the doctor’s orders?
20．What’s the hospital’s visiting hours?
北京大学2009年真题
Conversation 1
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now,Iisten.
1．When is Anne available for the meeting?
A．The third week of May. B．The third week of June.
C．The eleventh of June. D．The eleventh of May.
2．In which city will their meeting probably take place?
A．London.B．Toronto. C．Mexico City. D．Chicago.
3．When is Eric calling back?
A．Thursday afternoon. B．Friday afternoon.
C．Thursday morning. D．Friday morning.
Conversation 2
Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation.At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now,listen.
4．According to the women,advertisements______.
A．let us know the best product B．give its sufficient information
C．fail to convince people D．give misleading information
5．In the woman’s opinion,money spent on advertisement is paid by______.
A．manufacturers B．customers
C．advertises D．all of them
6．Which of the foIlowing statements is INCORRECT?
A．The woman seems to be negative about advertising.
B．The woman appears to know more about advertising.
C．The man is to be present at a debate on advertising.
D．The man has a lot to talk about on advertising.
Conversation 3
Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation.At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen.
7．Mr.Brown brought with him only a few things because______.
A．there wasn’t enough space in the cupboard
B．the hospital would provide him with everything
C．he was to stay there for a very short time
D．visitors could bring him other things
8．According to the hospital rules,at which of the following hours can visitors see patients?
A．2:00 pm. B．5:00 pm. C．7:00 pm. D．6:00 pm.
9．Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A．Patients have breakfast at 8. B．Patients have lunch at 12.
C．There are special alcohol lounges. D．There are special smoking lounges.
10．Which statement best describes Mr.Brown?
A．He knows little about hospital rules.
B．He can keep alcohol in the ward.
C．He knows when to smoke.
D．He is used to hospital life.
答案解析
Conversation 1
1．【A】Anne说“both of the weeks are pretty clear at the moment except for the eleventh of June”，both weeks指代上文的“五月的第三周”或者“六月的第二周”，同时表示6月11日不能确定。因此本题答案为A。
2．【D】从录音中可知，Carlos建议Chicago，并且获得了赞同。本题答案为D。
3．【A】对话的最后男士说“I’ll call you later in the afternoon on Thursday.”，可知，他将在周四下午回电。因此本题答案为A。
Conversation 2
4．【D】通过女士所说“I don’t think so.Every manufacturer says that his product is the best or at least tries to give the impression.Only one can be the best,so the others are misleading, aren’t they?”可知，她认为广告给出的信息大都是误导性的。故本题答案为D。
5．【B】录音中女士说“The cost of advertising is added to the price of the article.You and I and all the other people who buy the article pay for the advertising.”，即商品的广告费是“你、我以及其他购买者一起支付的”，故本题答案为B（消费者）。
6．【D】从录音中可知，女士对广告持反对的态度；并且给了男士“a lot to think about”，即她知道的比男士更多；由对话开头可知男士要去参加那场辩论。运用排除法可知，本题答案为D。
Conversation 3
7．【A】录音中说“I followed the hospital’s advice and I’ve only bought a few belongings with me.”，即他遵守医院的规定，只带了少量的随身物品，护士解释说“…you can see the reasons why we ask you to do that.The cupboard is very small.”，即之所以不让带太多东西，是因为壁橱空间有限。因此本题答案为A。
8．【C】医院的探视时间为下午2:30到4:30，晚上7点到8点，因此只有C选项才符合题干要求。
9．【C】由录音内容可知，医院早饭、午饭时间与A、B选项一致。录音中nurse说禁止抽烟，但如果实在要抽的话，有“special lounges”，因此D答案正确。本题只有C选项在录音中未被提及。故选C。
10．【A】男士说“that’s very different from what we’ve been used to”，即医院的规定与他平时所熟悉的不一样，因此可知A选项“他对医院规定知之甚少”是正确答案。
听力原文
Conversation 1
M:Is that Anne Shaw?
W:Yes,speaking.
M:Hello.It’s Eric from London.
W:Hello,Eric.How can I help you?
M:I’m thinking about the next project team meeting.And I just want to check some possible dates with you.
W:Fine.Let me just get my diary.OK,which dates are you looking at?
M:I’ve spoken to the others and they prefer either the third week of May or the second week of June.
W:Yes,both of the weeks are pretty clear at the moment except for the eleventh of June.
M:Right,I’ve got that.
W:So,where is the meeting taking place this time?
M:It was going to be in London,but I spoke to Carlos in Mexico City and he suggested Chicago.He thinks it’ll be more convenient for most of the team.
W:He’s probably right.It will certainly be much easier for me as well because I can fly from Toronto.And I’m sure you could find a meeting room somewhere near the airport.
M:That’s a good idea.I’ll check some hotels in that area and get back to you towards the end of the week.
W:Fine,but I won’t be in the office on Friday.
M:OK.I’ll call you later in the afternoon on Thursday.
W:No problem.Bye.
Conversation 2
M:We’re having a debate on advertising on Thursday evening and I have to take part.
W:That’s interesting.I would like to hear what people think about advertising.
M:Whatever they will say,we must have advertising,mustn’t we?
W:Why?
M:Well.We wouldn’t know what there was to buy if we didn’t have advertisements.
W:Yes,that’s true,up to a point.Advertisements provide information that we need.If someone has produced the new article,naturally the seller wants to telI us about it.
M:Yes,and the advertisements teII us which product is the best.
W:Do they?I don’t think so.Every manufacturer says that his product is the best or at least tries to give the impression.Only one can be the best,so the others are misleading,aren’t they?
M:Well,in a way,I suppose,but we don’t have to believe them,do we?
W:Are you saying that advertisements aren’t effective?I don’t think that intelligent businessmen would spend millions of dollars on advertising if nobody believed the advertisements,do you?
M:Perhaps not,but after all,it’s their money that they’re spending.
W:Is it?I think not.The cost of advertising is added to the price of the article.You and I and all the other people who buy the article pay for the advertising.
M:Well,suppose we get something for our money,some information.
W:Yes,but don’t forget it’s often misleading information and sometimes harmful.
M:Harmful?
W:What about advertisements designed to persuade young people to smoke cigarettes,wouldn’t you say they are harmfuI?
M:You’ve given me a lot to think about.I’m quite looking forward to the debate now.
Conversation 3
W:So Mr.Brown,this is your bed,and as you can see there are three other beds in the ward.Have you got everything you need?
M:Yes,nurse,I think so.I followed the hospital’s advice and I’ve only bought a few belongings with me.
W:Good,you can see the reasons why we ask you to do that.The cupboard is very small.
M:Yes,nurse,can you telI me what the visiting hours are?
W:Yes of course,they’re in the afternoon from 2:30 to 4:30 and in the evening from 7:00 to 8:00.But remember that only two people can see you at the same time.
M:I see.What other rules are there?
W:Yes,we start pretty early.We wake you up at 6:00 and breakfast is at 8:00,lunch is at noon,there’s tea at 3:30 and supper is at 6:00.
M:Well,that’s very different from what we’ve been used to.You’d better tell me the rest of the rules here.
W:Well,you can see the no smoking sign.We don’t allow smoking in the wards and the same goes for alcohol.However,if you do need to smoke,there are special lounges.
M:Oh,I don’t smoke,so it doesn’t affect me.
W:Good.
拓展场景知识和词汇
医学博士英语入学测试的听力对话，经常围绕普通医疗情况下的医学英语会话展开命题。以下几个场景中的画线部分便是常考的考点（问诊、主诉、检查、治疗等）。熟能生巧，复习时不仅要“识字”，更要对照音频，熟悉其发音。
W:Good morning.Dr.Smith’s office.How canI help you?
M:I would like to see the doctor as soon as I can.I am having trouble with my stomach again.It’s terrible at this moment.
W:Let me see if I can get you in this afternoon.No,I am sorry.It will have to be tomorrow morning,10 o’clock,Friday.Will that be all right?
M:Hmm,Friday?I have other plans tomorrow morning.But,I will have to go to the doctor instead.I will be there at 10 tomorrow morning.Thank you.
女士：早晨好，史密斯医生办公室，我能为您做什么吗？
男士：我要尽快看医生，我的胃病又犯了，现在疼得好厉害。
女士：我给您看看是不是能够预约在下午。不行，很抱歉，得要到明天早晨，也就是星期五早晨十点。这样可以吗？
男士：嗯，星期五？我明天早晨还有其他安排，但是我也只好去看病了。明天早晨十点我去医院，谢谢您。
D:Good morning,Madame.What seems to be bothering you?
P:It’s extremely painful in the belly.It is really killing me.
D:How long have you been like this?
P:Since last night.
D:Have you had a fever?
P:Yes,I feel feverish.
D:How about your bowel movement?
P:Well,I have to tell you that I haven’t had a bowel movement for two days.
D:Have you vomited?
医生：早上好，女士。你哪儿不舒服？
病人：肚子疼得厉害，难受死了。(https://www.daowen.com)
医生：这样有多久了？
病人：从昨晚就开始了。
医生：发烧吗？
病人：我感觉有点烧。
医生：大便怎么样？
病人：呃，我有两天没大便了。
医生：呕吐吗？
P:Yes,last night I threw up all the things I have eaten.I felt awful.
D:Let me examine you.Would you please take off your shoes and lie down on that bed over there?
P:Yes.Shall I unbutton my shirt?
D:Yes,please.Does it hurt when I press the lower quadrant of your abdomen?
P:Yes,it hurts badly.
D:I’m afraid you’ve got appendicitis.You will have to have a minor operation.
病人：是的，昨晚我把吃的东西都吐出来了。难受极了。
医生：我给你做个检查。请脱下鞋，躺到那边的床上吧。
病人：好的。我要解开上衣扣子吗？
医生：要。我按压你右下腹部时，你觉得疼吗？
病人：非常疼。
医生：恐怕你得了阑尾炎，需要做一个小手术。
场景三
D:Good afternoon.What seems to be wrong?
P:Good morning doctor.I have a terrible headache.
D:All right,young man.Tell me how it got started.
P:Yesterday I had a running nose.Now my nose is stuffed up.I have a sore throat. And I am afraid I have got a temperature.I felt terrible.
D:Don’t worry,young man.Let me give you an examination.…
D:Look.Your throat is inflamed.And your tongue is thickly coated.You have all the symptoms of influenza.
P:What am I supposed to do then?
D:A good rest is all you need,and drink more water.I will write you a prescription.
医生：下午好，你哪里不舒服？
病人：下午好，医生。我头痛得厉害。
医生：别着急，小伙子，告诉我怎么回事。
病人：昨天我老流鼻涕，现在鼻子不通，喉咙很痛，恐怕还发高烧。感觉糟透了。
医生：别着急，小伙子，我给你检查一下。
⋯⋯
医生：听着，你的喉咙发炎了。舌苔很厚，这些都是流感的症状。
病人：那我怎么办呢？
医生：你需要好好休息，多喝水，我给你开个处方。
D:What’s bothering you?
P:I’ve got a splitting headache.More often than not every morning when I got up,I felt as if the house were moving,so I had to lie back in bed for several minutes before trying to rise again.
D:How long have you had these symptoms?
P:About four months.
D:Can you give me a description about thecharacter of the pain?Or in other words, which art of your head aches most?
P:The front of my head aches most.
D:Do you think your vision is getting worse?
P:Only a bit.
D:Do you feel dizzy?
P:Yes,but not very often.
D:Have you ever had swollen ankles?
P:I haven’t noticed that.
D:Have you got a heart disease or a kidney problem?
P:Not yet.
D:Well,let me take your blood pressure.170 over 100.It’s moderately high.Well.I’d like you to take a blood urea nitrogen test, urinalysis,chest X-ray and electrodiagram examination.
P:OK.I’ll have these examinations immediately…
医生：你哪里不舒服？
病人：我头疼得厉害。每天早晨起床时，经常觉得房子在动，所以我又回到床上躺几分钟再起来。
医生：出现这些情况多长时间了？
病人：大约四个月了。
医生：你能描述一下头疼的情况吗？或者说头部哪个部分最疼？
病人：前额最疼。
医生：你觉得视力有所减退吗？
病人：有点。
医生：头晕吗？
病人：是的，不太频繁。
医生：脚踝肿过没有？
病人：没注意到。
医生：有过心脏病或肾病吗？
病人：没有。
医生：呃，我来给你量量血压。170/100，是有点高。我希望你做一下血尿素氮、尿常规检查，做个胸透，再做个心电图。
病人：好的，我马上去⋯⋯
P:Hello,doctor.Here are the reports.What’s wrong with me?
D:You don’t seem to have a heart disease or any kidney problem yet,but your hypertension is a problem we should do something about.
P:Is it serious,doctor?
D:According to your general situation,it’s not so serious.As for your food,you should keep to the low-salt diet,and eat more vegetables and fruits and less meat. Besides,you have a good rest and avoid tension or stress.You’ll be better.
P:Thanks a lot,doctor.
病人：医生，这些是检查报告。我得了什么病？
医生：你似乎没有心脏病和肾病，但高血压得治疗一下。
病人：严重吗，医生？
医生：根据你的总体情况来看，并不太严重。至于饮食，你应吃清淡些，多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃肉。好好休息，避免紧张和焦虑。你会好起来的。
病人：非常感谢您，医生。
场景五
D:Good morning.What seems to be the problem?
P:I often have a pain in the abdomen.It troubled me for a long time.
D:When did you begin to notice these symptoms?
P:About one year ago.
D:Well,can you describe the pain?Or in other words,tell me what it is like exactly.
P:Yes.Here it is.It’s a dull pain.
D:Is the pain between the two meals or after? How long does it last?
P:It usually comes one hour after the meal. And ease 1-2 hours later.But the next meal it comes again.
医生：早上好，哪里不舒服？
病人：我经常肚子疼，困扰我很长时间了。
医生：你什么时候有这些症状的？
病人：大概一年以前。
医生：那么，你能描述一下怎么个疼法吗？具体是怎么样的疼痛。
病人：这里痛，钝痛。
医生：两餐之间痛还是饭后痛？疼痛每次持续多长时间？
病人：经常是饭后一小时开始痛，一般1～2小时后缓解。下次进食又开始痛。
D:Could you tell me what else you notice when the pain comes?
P:Sometimes I feel gastrectasia.
D:Well.Do you notice the color of your stool?What color is it?
P:Yes,sometimes it is black.
D:Have you ever been to other hospitals?Andhave you ever done any examination?What was the diagnosis?
P:I went to a private clinic last November.The doctor told me I got a gastric ulcer,but I didn’t do any examination.
D:Did you take any medicines?Did you feel better then?
P:Yes,since then I took the medicine off and on,such as cimetidine,and I was feeling a little better but the pain recurred later.
D:Are there any changes in your weight since you got the disease?
P:No,there is no change in my weight.
D:Would you please bend you knee joint?Do you feel any tenderness here?Or rebound tenderness?
P:No.What am I suffering from,doctor?Do you mean I’ve got a gastric ulcer?
D:Most probably,according to your case history,I think you are suffering from gastric ulcer.I suggest you have a gastroscopy.
医生：痛的时候你还注意到别的症状吗？
病人：有时候感到胃胀。
医生：你注意过大便的颜色吗？是什么颜色？
病人：有时候是黑色的。
医生：你有没有到其他医院看过？做过什么检查吗？医生说是什么病？
病人：去年十一月份我去过一家私人诊所看过，医生说我得了胃溃疡，但是没有做任何检查。
医生：吃过什么药吗？有没有好转？
病人：是的，自从那时候起我间断服药，比如西咪替丁等，有时好一点，但后来反复发作。
医生：得病后，体重有变化吗？
病人：没有变化。
医生：弯一下你的膝关节。这里有压痛吗？有反跳痛吗？
病人：没有。医生，我得了什么病，胃溃疡吗？
医生：根据你的病史，可能是胃溃疡，我建议你做个胃镜。
D:What’s wrong with you?
P:I have severe pain in my upper abdomen, which may be aggravated by eating.
D:What kind of pain is it?
P:I had the heartburn pain which is off andon three years ago.It seems to be related to my bad eating habits.This time the pain got worse both in frequency and severity.
D:Could you be more specific?
P:It’s worst after I eat spicy food or onion. And it often awakens me two or three hours after I go to sleep.After meal I feel a little better,but the pain comes on one or two hours after meals.
D:Have you ever had nausea or vomiting?
P:Well,I vomited yesterday,some food with a little blood like coffee.
D:Have your stools been loose?
P:No.But I had dark stools that look like tar.
D:I think you have gotten duodenal ulcer.
I suggest you have a barium meal examination and gastroscopy.
医生：你哪里不舒服？
病人：我上腹部很痛，有时候因为吃饭而痛得更厉害。
医生：是什么样的痛法？
病人：三年前间断痛过，烧心一样地痛。疼痛似乎与我的不良饮食习惯有关。最近痛得更加频繁，也更严重。
医生：能更具体地说说吗？
病人：当我吃辛辣的食物和洋葱时疼痛最厉害。还有，我经常在睡后两三个小时疼醒。另外，吃完饭后我感觉舒服点，但是疼痛会在一两个小时后出现。
医生：恶心或者呕吐过吗？
病人：嗯，昨天吐过一次，有食物和咖啡颜色的血。
医生：大便稀吗？
病人：不，但是有几次是黑的，像炭一样。
医生：可能得的是十二指肠溃疡，建议你做个钡餐和胃镜。
拓展词汇：以下是在各种各样的临床场合中普遍使用的词汇，在考试中也经常出现。
abnormaladj.异常的，反常的
acuteadj.严重的，剧烈的
achev.疼痛
allergyn.过敏性反应
ambulancen.救护车
amnesian.健忘症，记忆缺失
amputationn.截肢手术
anaemian.贫血症
antibiotics n.抗生素
antidepressant n.抗抑郁药
antiseptic n.杀菌剂
arthritis n.关节炎
asthma n.哮喘
bacteria n.细菌
bandage n.绷带
benign adj.良性的
biopsy n.切片检查
blood count血液中红白细胞的计数
blood pressure血压
brace n.支架
broken adj.骨折的
bruise n.青肿
cancer n.癌症
cardiopulmonary resuscitation心脏复苏术
chemotherapy n.化疗
chickenpox n.水痘
critical condition情况危急
cyst n.囊肿
deficiency n.缺乏
dehydrated adj.脱水的
dementia n.痴呆
diabetes n.糖尿病
diagnose v.诊断
discomfort n.疼痛，不适
dressing n.包扎
ER（emergency Room）急诊室
external adj.外部的
elastic tape胶布
false negative假阴性
family history家族史
fatal adj.致命的
fever n.高烧
flu（influenza）n.流感
fracture n.骨折
forceps n.镊子
gauze n.纱布
germ n.细菌
genetic adj.遗传的
growth n.肿块
heart attack心脏病发作
HIV艾滋病病毒
hives n.荨麻疹
hyperemic n.皮下注射针
illness n.疾病
immune system免疫系统
immunization n.免疫预防针
incision n.切口
inconclusive adj.不清楚的
infant n.婴儿
infection n.感染
inflamed adj.发炎的
injury n.受伤
Intensive Care Unit（ICU）重症监护室
internal adj.内部的
itchy adj.痒的
lab results实验室检查结果
life support呼吸机
life-threatening adj.有生命危险的
light-headed adj.头晕的
malignant adj.恶性的
medical school（Med.School）医学院
OR(operating room)手术室
medicine cup医药量杯
microscope n.显微镜
newborn n.初生婴儿
numb adj.麻木的，失去知觉的
oxygen mask氧气面罩
painful adj.疼痛的
pain killer止疼药
paralyzed adj.瘫痪的
pharmacist n.药剂师
pharmacy n.药店
prenatal adj.出生前的
prescription n.处方
privacy n.隐私
privacy screen隔离屏风
radiation n.辐射
register v.登记
residency n.住院实习（住院实习医生）
routine check-up日常常规检查
scales n.秤
scrubs n.医院制服
scrub up洗手
second opinion另一个医生的意见
seizure n.侵袭，发作
shock n.休克
side effect副作用
sore adj.疼痛的
spasm n.痉挛
sprain n.扭伤
stable condition病情稳定
sting v.刺痛
stress n.压力，紧张；应急反应
swelling adj.肿胀的
symptom n.症状
specialist n.专家，专科医生
stethoscope n.听诊器
syringe n.注射器
test tube试管
temperature n.温度，高烧
tender adj.触痛的
test results检查结果
therapy n.治疗
transplant n.移植
thermometer n.温度计
ultrasound n.超声波检查
unconscious adj.昏迷的
urine sample尿样
vein n.静脉
virus n.病毒
visiting hours探视时间
vomit v.呕吐
ward n.病房
X-ray X射线照片