2.5.2　New China Era

The period known as the new China was established in 1949 with the establishment of the PRC.The study of film translation gradually developed as a consequence of an increase in the number of imported foreign films.The core research area was concerned with dubbing because English，as a foreign language，was not widely understood by common people.The Changchun Film Studio and the Shanghai Film Studio were the two main sites of film translating at the beginning of the 1950s.The first translated subtitled film was called《普通一兵》 （A Common Soldier），which was made by the Changchun Film Studio in 1950； while the first dubbed film was called 《小英雄》 （Little Hero），which was produced by the Shanghai Film Studio （Ma 2005： 277）.Both of these film studios played a very important role in the history of translated films in China，particularly the Shanghai Film Studio，which was responsible for 75% of the total amount of foreign films that were translated.However，the number of imported foreign films was very limited due to the Chinese government’s strict political opinions.In addition，although the TV set was introduced into China in 1950，no foreign TV programme was broadcast in China until 1980.For these reasons，the study of AVT did not have a realistic chance of developing until the advent of the PRC’s Reform and Opening-up Policy （Ma 2005： 3）.(https://www.daowen.com)

Nowadays,there are over 10 leading professional film translation studios in China.Other than the two previously mentioned,the Liberation Army Film Studio,the Beijing Film Studio,the Liaoning People’s Arts Theatre,the International Department of CCTV (the PRC state broadcaster),the Shanghai TV Station,the Guangdong TV Station,the Shanghai Audio and Video Archive,the Tianshang Film Studio,and the Tianjin Film Studio are all undertaking AVT works.Besides these official institutions,more and more subtitle translation groups,known as “Fansubs”,have emerged on the Internet.The majority of translators in Fansubs are individual language learners and film translation fans.Although the quality of Fansubs’ work is not as good as that provided by official institutions,their translation of a new film or TV program can often be completed within a few hours.