第二章 语言知识
题型解读
语言知识题考查的重点是语言基础知识。它涉及的知识面广，考察内容多样全面。它包含了词汇、语法、固定句式、习惯用法、交际用语、常识等方面的知识，考试题型也是越来越全面、越来越灵活。语言知识出题的原则是：注重固定搭配、突出语境、强化语意、强调运用。它所呈现的特点是：知识覆盖面广、贴近生活、语境地位突出、交际性原则明确、灵活性高等。
方法指导
大家在做语言知识题时，很多时候大家题目都看得很顺，甚至每个单词都认识，但是一看选项傻眼了。还有时候一个题中有几个知识点，大家做题时却只看到了一个点就做出选择。比如只看到单词或者短语的意思，而没有分析句子的时态就容易出错，所以我们做这类题时可能需要转几个弯。其实做好语言知识题是需要掌握答题技巧的，掌握了一定的知识和技巧，才能提高答题的准确率。此类题的答题技巧是很多的，以下结合近年来四川中职监测考试语言知识题型给大家做些分析。
1.直选法
直选法是直接运用已学英语知识，结合题干所提供的信息，从备选答案中直接选出正确答案。这类题目较容易，有时只看题干便可得出正确答案。
2.排除法
读完题干，弄清题意之后，如果还觉得很难找出正确答案时，应用排除法来解决这类题型。把语法结构、语境因素考虑进去，排除其中与之无关的选项，缩小选择范围，最后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验。
3.关键词法
许多题目中都有一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词（key words），找到题中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。
4.固定句式法
我们在平时学习中会遇到很多固定表达，如果能把这些表达记得很清楚，那做这部分题就很容易。比如哪些动词后只能接to do，哪些动词后只能接doing，哪些动词后既可以接to do又可以接doing等等。
5.前后照应法
此方法多用于两个或者两个以上句子，或对话形式命题的题目上。解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，有时候我们需要从后面的句子来判定前面问题的答案。
1.There________20 girls in my class.
A.are B.is C.have
【解析】A本题可以运用直接法来选择答案，根据题干的意思就能确定。根据题干，班上有20 个女生，因此There be句型中的be该用are，确定A为正确答案。（四川2019 质量监测）
2.—How is her typing skill？
—She________80 Chinese words a minute.
A.is typing B.type C.can type
【解析】C本题可以用排除法。从题干得知是问她的打字技能如何。A和B都没有表达能力的意思，因此排除，只有C答案中的can 用于表示能力“能，可以”，因此选C.（四川2018质量监测）
3.Jack ________back next week.
A.will be B.was C.has been
【解析】A本题应用关键词法，通过句后的next week 可知本句是将来的时间，will be用于一般将来，因此该选择A，而B答案用于过去时，C答案用于完成时。（四川2019 质量监测）
4.Don’t________to turn off the light when you leave the room tonight.
A.forgot B.forget C.to forget
【解析】C本题考查固定句式用法。这是一个祈使句的否定句用法，句型为“Don’t do sth.”，
因此答案应用动词原型，确定答案为B.（四川2019 监测考试）5.—I’m so happy，I pass the final test finally.
—_______________.
A.Congratulations. B.That’s not good. C.Nice to meet you.
【解析】A本题可以用前后照应法选出答案。根据前句意思“我很高兴，我最终通过了期末考试”可知应该表示祝贺。因此得出答案A.（四川2016 诊断考试）
能力提升 （共150 小题）
（ ）1.I have read ________of the young writer.
A.works B.work C.this work D.the works
（ ）2.Could you please give some________to the________teachers？
A.advice；man B.advices；men
C.suggestion；man D.suggestions；men
（ ）3.—Would you like________tea？
—No，thanks.I have drunk two________.
A.any；bottles of orange B.some；bottles of orange
C.many；bottles of oranges D.few；bottle of oranges
（ ）4.Oh，dear.I forgot the three________.
A.room’s number B.rooms’ number
C.room numbers D.rooms’ numbers
（ ）5.There are lots of________that students have to follow in school.
A.exercises B.problems
C.skills D.rules
（ ）6.My English teacher is really kind.I’ll never forget the________he has done me.
A.favor B.deed
C.help D.value
（ ）7._______is not far from here.
A.Jack’s and his brother house B.Jack’s and his brother’s houses
C.Jack and his brother’s house D.Jack and his brother house
（ ）8.All the________teachers and ________students are having a meeting there.
A.women；girls B.women；girl
C.woman；girls D.woman；girl
（ ）9._______Day is celebrated on June 1st.
A.Child B.Children
C.Child’s D.Children’s
（ ）10.He has spent a large________of money on his new house.
A.deal B.amount
C.number D.piece
（ ）11.Jenny broke a________while she was washing up.
A.cup tea B.tea’s cup
C.a cup of tea D.tea cup
（ ）12._______is the mother of________.
A.Failure；success B.The failure；success
C.The failure；the success D.Failure；the success
（ ）13.My sister can’t go to________school today，because she caught________cold yesterday.
A./；an B./；a
C.the；the D./；the
（ ）14.________China and ________United States of America are separated by________Pacific Ocean.
A./；the；/ B./；the；the
C.The；the；/ D.The；the；the
（ ）15.It is________world of wonders，________world where anything can happen.
A.a；the B.a；a
C.the；a D./；/
（ ）16.—He was nearly drowned once.
—When was________？
—________was in 2008 when he was in Middle School.
A.that；It B.that；This
C.this；It D.this；This
（ ）17.—Susan，go and clean the yard.—Why________？ John is sitting there doing nothing.
A.him B.he
C.I D.me
（ ）18.________that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.
A.One B.All
C.Everything D.Anything
（ ）19.Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes________will be a boy.
A.he B.that
C.it D.there
（ ）20.—Do you have anything important to say for yourself？
—________except sorry.
A.Something B.Nothing
C.Everything D.Anything
（ ）21.The teacher asked the boy many questions，but he only answered ________of them.
A.each B.lots
C.some D.many
（ ）22.Alice began to travel all over the world in her early________.
A.thirteen B.thirty
C.thirties D.thirtieth
（ ）23.According to the news report，every year about 50 ________toys are sold to Europe in their factory.
A.millions of B.million of
C.millions D.million
（ ）24.Every day，________people use the bridge to cross the river.Thousands more take pictures of it.
A.thousand of B.thousands of
C.thousands D.thousand
（ ）25.Shanghai is________largest city in our country.
A.the second B.second
C.the two D.two
（ 26.—What would you like for your lunch？
—I’d like________beef noodles.
A.two bowl of B.two bowls of
C.second bowl of D.twice bowls of
（ ）27.I think ________lesson is the most difficult for me.
A.the nineth B.the nine
C.nine D.the ninth
（ ）28.—Do you have enough men to carry the heavy box？
—No，I think we need ________men.
A.another B.two others
C.more two D.two more
（ ）29.I don’t like to sit_______Tom’s right.I would like to sit________the back row.
A.on；in B.in；on
C.on；at D.at；on
（ ）30.We spent more than five weeks________the work.
A.at B.for
C.on D.with
（ ）31.There is a hole________the wall.
A.in B.on
C.of D.with
（ ）32.We can communicate________people in every part of the world ________the Internet.
A.with；with B.with；through
C.through；through D.through；with
（ ）33.The visitors________Japan arrived ________Beijing station last Tuesday morning.
A.from；at B.of；to
C.from；in D.of；on
（ ）34.Do you usually come to school________foot or________bus？
A.by；by B.on；on
C.on；by D.by；on
（ ）35.Jenny’s uncle is a scientist.She is proud ________him.
A.in B.on
C.at D.of
（ ）36.The old man died ________cold ________a cold night.
A.from；at B.of；in
C.of；on D.for；during
（ ）37.The young men walked ________the forest and came to a big river at last.
A.on B.over
C.through D.across
（ ）38.They usually go swimming________their summer vocation.
A.over B.among
C.between D.during
（ ）39.Get up earlier，________you will be late.
A.if B.and
C.or D.unless
（ ）40.—Tell us something about Canada，ok？—I am sorry._______Jack ________I have ever been there.
A.Either；or B.Not only；but also
C.Both；and D.Neither；nor
（ ）41.Which do you prefer to keep in touch with your friends，by QQ________by Facebook？
A.and B.but
C.or D.so
（ ）42.Money is important，________it can’t buy everything.
A.for B.but
C.or D.so
（ ）43.I usually sleep with the window open ________it’s really cold.
A.unless B.until
C.when D.if
（ ）44.He didn’t go to bed ________his father came back.
A.while B.as soon as
C.if D.until
（ ）45.He hurt her________badly________she had to see a doctor.
A.too；that B.so；that
C.either；or D.too；to
（ ）46.I’ll give the book to him________he comes back.
A.since B.as soon as
C.before D.until
（ ）47.—What about_______shirt she bought for her father？—It’s wonderful as________birthday present.
A.a；a B.the；a
C.the；/ D.a；/
（ ）48.Mr.Smith teaches________English in our________school.
A.the；a B.the；/
C./；/ D./；the
（ ）49.Shall we take________short break？I want to make________call.
A.the；a B.a；the
C.the；the D.a；a
（ ）50.Joan is always helping________poor.
A./ B.a
C.the D.these
（ ）51.—Your new car is so nice！ When did you buy it？
—In July.I________it for two weeks.
A.had B.have had
C.have bought D.bought
（ ）52.—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network？—Right.5G will allow us________English movies faster than ever.
A.download B.downloads
C.to download D.downloading
（ ）53.Paper______first______about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.
A.is；inventing B.is；invented
C.has；invented D.was；invented
（ ）54.Mr.Zhao and his wife________to the party last Sunday.
A.invited B.was invited
C.were invited D.was invited
（ ）55.This pair of shoes________Mum，and it________very comfortable.
A.is made with，is felt B.are made from，is felt
C.are made by，feels D.is made by，feels
（ ）56.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games______in China.I’m sure it will be a great success.
A.hold B.will hold
C.were held D.will be held
（ ）57.Driving in rush hour________be dangerous，so you ________be more careful.
A.should；should B.might；should
C.might；mustn’t D.can；can’t
（ ）58.—Linda hasn’t come to the party yet.—But she________.I think I have to call her again.
A.promises B.promised
C.will promise D.promise
（ ）59.When it began to snow，the boys________soccer on the playground.
A.play B.played
C.are playing D.were playing
（ ）60.—Sir，you ________use your mobile phone at the gas station.It’s very dangerous.
—Sorry，I will put it out soon.
A.mustn’t B.don’t have to
C.needn’t D.may not
（ ）61.The sick girl________to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A.is taken B.took
C.was taken D.takes
（ ）62.Three years________since he left our school.
A.has past B.have passed
C.has passed D.have past
（ ）63.—Where are the twins？—One________flowers and trees in the garden，the other________to help her.
A.has watered，has gone B.is watering，has been
C.is watering，has gone D.has watered，has been
（ ）64.—That must be Mr.John.—No，it________be him.I saw him off at the airport half an hour ago.
A.may not B.mustn’t
C.can’t D.needn’t
（ ）65.—Do you like the song You and Me？
—Of course！It________really beautiful.
A.listens B.sounds
C.thinks D.what
（ ）66.My daughter will call________as soon as she________Shanghai.
A.me up，will arrive in B.up me，arrives at
C.up me，arrives at D.me up，arrives in
（ ）67.It’s very hot.But I think it’s impolite to________your clothes in public.
A.set off B.turn off
C.take off D.get off
（ ）68.Go along the street.The museum is just on your right.You can’t________it.
A.make B.find
C.miss D.fail
（ ）69.Don’t forget to________“Thank you” when someone opens the door for you.
A.tell B.say
C.speak D.talk
（ ）70.—Would you please________your storybook ________me？—Sure，But you must return it to me before Wednesday.
A.borrow；to B.keep；for
C.lend；to D.buy；for
（ ）71.I asked Danny to________me my book，but he brought me his book.
A.take B.fetch
C.carry D.match
（ ）72.—Don’t forget to________the light when you leave.
—No problem.
A.turn off B.turn on
C.turn down D.turn up
（ ）73.This pair of chopsticks________bamboo.
A.is made of B.are made of
C.is made from D.are made from
（ ）74.This silk dress________so smooth.It’s made in China.
A.tastes B.smells
C.sounds D.feels
（ ）75.If you want to know more about space，please________the book A Brief History of Time.
A.look through B.look around
C.look after D.look down upon
（ ）76.The air is getting much ________than a few years ago.
A.clean B.cleanest
C.cleaner D.cleanner
（ ）77.The Changjiang River is one of________in the world.
A.the longest river B.the longest rivers
C.longest river D.longest rivers
（ ）78.— The doctor told me not to eat too much.
—He’s right.______you eat，________you will be.
A.The less；the healthier B.The less；the more healthier
C.The more；the healthier D.The more；the more healthier
（ ）79.Winter is coming.The weather is getting________.
A.colder and colder B.cold and cold
C.more and more colder D.the colder and the colder
（ ）80.Kate is as________as Maria.
A.tall B.taller
C.tallest D.the taller
（ ）81.The blue shirt looks________better on you than the red one.
A.quite B.more
C.much D.very
（ ）82.Lucy didn’t make mistakes in the math exam.She is________in my class.
A.the most careful B.the most careless
C.more careful D.the most carefully
（ ）83.My grandpa told a good story，but I told a________one.
A.good B.better
C.worse D.best
（ ）84.I enjoy reading very much.When I read books，I feel that time goes________.
A.slowly B.quickly
C.quick D.slow
（ ）85.I work hard this term，but Peter works much ________.
A.hard B.harder
C.hardest D.hardly
（ ）86.Why do you speak in ________a loud voice？
A.such B.so
C.very D.quite
（ ）87.She learns all by herself.She________goes to any training class.
A.usually B.often
C.never D.sometimes
（ ）88.Now more and more children leave their parents when they grow up.It makes the old feel________.
A.alone B.lonely
C.happy D.boring
（ ）89.—Mum，could you help me cook the dinner？ I have no time.—Sorry，I don’t have any time， ________.
A.too B.also
C.either D.so
（ ）90.The sun is shining________.You’d better wear sunglasses while you are out.
A.brightly B.lightly
C.heavily D.softly
（ ）91.I run faster than ________in our class.
A.anyone B.any other student
C.everyone D.anybody
（ ）92.Many boy students think math is not________English.
A.much difficult than B.so difficult as
3.more difficult than D.as difficult as
（ ）93.This play is the________one I have ever seen.
A.worse B.bad
C.best D.better
（ ）94.—Who do you think is________ actor？
—I think Song Xiaobao is.
A.funniest B.most funny
C.the funniest D.the funner
（ ）95.—Daming，are you feeling better now？ —No，mum.I feel even ________.
A.well D.good
C.best D.worse
（ ）96.—Who gets up ________of all in your dormitory，Tony？
—Jimmy does.
A.early B.earlier
C.earliest D.the earlier
（ ）97._______all the activities，I think diving is________one.
A.Of；a dangerous B.In；the most dangerous
C.Of；the most dangerous D.In；the more dangerous
（ ）98.—Have you returned the book to the library________？
—Yes，I have________returned it.
A.yet，yet B.already，already
C.yet，already D.already；yet
（ ）99.Tony is going camping with ________boys.
A.two little other B.little two other
C.other two little D.little other two
（ ）100.Zhao Zhou Bridge is________one.
A.a Chinese old stone B.an old Chinese stone
C.a stone Chinese old D.an old stone Chinese
（ ）101.—what are you going to do tomorrow？—we’ll go to the park tomorrow if it________.
A.isn’t rain B.rain
C.won’t rain D.doesn’t rain
（ ）102.There________an English party in our school tomorrow.
A.is going to have B.will have
C.is going to be D.has
（ ）103.The old man asked me________.
A.where was the hospital B.where is the hospital
C.where the hospital was D.where was the way to the hospital
（ ）104.I don’t know________he will come tomorrow._______he comes，I’ll tell you.
A.if；Whether B.whether；Whether
C.if；That D.if；If
（ ）105.I________Lily the answer if she________me.
A.can tell，will ask B.will tell，will ask
C.would tell，ask D.will tell，asks
（ ）106.He wanted to know________the English party.
A.when will we have B.when we will have
C.when would we have D.when we would have
（ ）107.I wonder________without water—About a week.
A.how long man can live B.how long can man live
C.when man can live D.when can man live
（ ）108.There________a lot of people waiting for the bus.
A.are B.is
C.were D.was
（ ）109.No one told us________，so we need your help.
A.how should we do B.what we should do
C.what to do D.what should we do
（ ）110.________is known to everybody，Taiwan is a part of China.We must unify it.
A.It B.As
C.Which D.What
（ ）111.—They have been to Canada.
—So________I.
A.do B.have been
C.did D.have
（ ）112.—David has made great progress recently.
—________，and ________.
A.So he has，so you have B.So he has，so have you
C.So has he，so have you D.So has he，so you have
（ ）113.Only when the work is done________be able to go back home.
A.you have B.you will
C.will you D.have you
（ ）114.A friend is someone________says，“What！ You too？ I thought I was the only one！”
A.who B.Which
C.What D.whose
（ ）115.Wechat（微信）is an invention ________can help people talk to friends，share pho
tos，ideas and feeling freely.
A.which B.who
C.whose D./
（ ）116.I still remember the college and the teachers________I visited in London years ago.
A.what B.who
C.that D.which
（ ）117.People are talking about the old houses________Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A.which B.where
C.who D.when
（ ）118.________dangerous the animals are！
A.What a B.What
C.How a D.How
（ ）119.________you offered him！
A.How useful advice B.What a useful advice
C.How a useful advice D.What useful advice
（ ）120.________great progress you have made！ Your mother must be satisfied with you.
A.What a B.What
C.How a D.How
（ ）121.—So，can you tell me________here today？
—Well，I was walking down Centre Street when the airplane landed.
A.what did you see B.what you saw
C.when did you see it D.when you saw
（ ）122.By reading the article，we know how________in our daily life.
A.will we protect the earth B.we can reduce pollution
C.should we save water D.we must recycle things
（ ）123.I want to write to Tony，but I don’t know________.
A.where is his email address B.where his email address is
C.what place is his email address D.what his email address is
（ ）124.—Do you need more time to finish the work？—Yes，another ten days________enough.
A.are B.is
C.were D.was
（ ）125.—Which show do you prefer，Running Man or The Reader？—The reader，of course._______I________my brother likes it.
A.Both；and B.Neither；nor
C.Either；or D.Not only；but also
（ ）126.—Where would you like to go tomorrow，Beijing or Xi’an？
—________is OK.It’s up to you.
A.Either B.Neither
C.Both D.All
（ ）127.This pair of shoes________hand，and it________very comfortable.
A.is made with，is felt B.are made from，is felt
C.are made of，feels D.is made by，feels
（ ）128.—Do you know________a wonderful match and two basketball matches on July 15th？
—Yeah.I am going to watch them on that day.
A.there will be B.there is going to have
C.there are going to be D.is there going to be
（ ）129.When you have finished with that video tape，don’t forget to put it in my drawer，________？
A.do you B.will you
C.don’t you D.won’t you
（ ）130.She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit， ________？
A.hadn’t she B.hasn’t she
C.wouldn’t she D.didn’t she
（ ）131.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.
A.Anyone B.Person
C.Whoever D.Everyone
（ ）132.________we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.That B.Whether
C.If D.Where
（ ）133.________is his own decision ________he’ll enter himself for the math contest.
A.It，whether or not B.That，whether
C.This，if D.There，when
（ ）134.What were you doing________the rainstorm came？
A.while B.when
C.before D.after
（ ）135.My father was watching TV________my mother was cooking.
A.when B.until
C.while D.as soon as
（ ）136.I will give him the gift as soon as he________.
A.will arrive B.arrive
C.arrives D.arrived
（ ）137.—Let’s go and play games，OK？
—Sorry，Mike.I won’t go out________I finish my homework.
A.until B.when
C.although D.if
（ ）138.________to smile at your life when you are in trouble，and you will soon be happy again.
A.Try B.To try
C.Trying D.Tried
（ ）139.As we all know，life is short but amazing._______it！
A.Enjoy B.To enjoy
C.Enjoying D.Enjoyed
（ ）140.—Did you watch the China’s Military Parade on TV？
—Yes._______great it was！
A.What B.How
C.How a D.What a
（ ）141.—________weather it is！ Shall we go for a picnic？
—I can’t agree more.
A.What a good B.What good
C.How good the D.How good
（ ）142.The Parkers bought a new house but________will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A.they B.it
C.one D.which
（ ）143.________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A.which B.As
C.That D.It
（ ）144.________is no good ________without doing anything.
A.This，talking B.It，to talk
C.It，talking D.That，to talk
（ ）145.It was in the village________now is a small town ________the earthquake occurred.
A.where，which B.which，where
C.which，that D.that，where
（ ）146.—Jim，you visited Wuhan Garden Exp Park this National Day.What do you think of it？—The trip is enjoyable，but there are________many people________we cannot find a good place to eat.
A.enough，to B.too，to
C.so，that D.too，that
（ ）147.I practice singing every day________I can go to a music college.
A.so that B.in order to
C.If D.although
（ ）148.Do you know the man ________？
A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke
C.I spoke to D.that I spoke
（ ）149.Last summer we visited the West Lake，________Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A.for which B.for that
C.in which D.what
（ ）150.My friends used to give me a hand in time of trouble，________was very kind of them.
A.who B.which
C.that D.it