参考文献
[1]英国国家统计局：《2021 英国能源简报》（UK Energy in Brief 2021），https：//www.gov.uk/government/statistics/digest-of-uk-energy-statistics-dukes-2021。
[2]《工业 脱碳战略》（Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/industrial-decarbonisation-strategy。
[3]《净零研究和创新框架》，https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/net-zeroresearch-and-innovation-framework。
[4]《能源白皮书》（Energy White Paper：Powering our Net Zero Future），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/energy-white-paper-powering-our-net-zero-future。
[5]《英国氢能战略》（UK Hydrogen Strategy），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-hydrogen-strategy。
[6]《核工业战略：英国的核未来》（Nuclear industrial strategy：the UK's nuclear future），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/nuclear-industrial-strategy-the-uksnuclear-future。
[7]国际能源署：《2019 年海上风电展望》，《世界能源展望特别报告》，https：//www.iea.org/reports/offshore-wind-outlook-2019。
[8]《产业战略：海上风电行业交易》（Industrial Strategy：Offshore Wind Sector Deal），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/offshore-wind-sector-deal/offshorewind-sector-deal。
[9]《英国能源统计摘要》，《2020年英国年度数据》，https：//www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy-chapter-1-digest-of-united-kingdom-energy-statistics-dukes。
[10]《英国气候变化委员会（CCC）2021 年向议会提交的报告：减排进展》，https：//www.theccc.org.uk/publication/progress-reducing-emissions-in-scotland-2021-report-to-parliament/。
[11]《国家公共汽车战略》（Bus Back Better：National Bus Strategy for England），https：//www.gov.uk/government/publications/bus-back-better。
执笔：姚魏、茹煜哲（上海社会科学院法学研究所）
【注释】
[1]Office for National Statistics，Census 2011，https：//www.ons.gov.uk/census（2022/5/6）.
[2]UK National Statistics，“Digest of UK Energy Statistics（DUKRS）2021”，https：//www.gov.uk/government/statistics/digest-of-uk-energy-statistics-dukes-2021.
[3]派珀·阿尔法（Piper Alpha）石油钻井平台灾难发生于1988年，导致阿伯丁（Aberdeen）沿海167名工人死亡，它几乎是世界上最严重的石油钻井平台事故。
[4]UK Public General Acts，Climate Change Act，2008.
[5]UK Public General Acts，Planning and Energy Act，2008.
[6]UK Government，Low Carbon Transition Plan，2008.
[7]UK Department for Energy&Climate Change，Energy Act，2013.
[8]UK Climate Change Committee，NetZero—The UK's contribution to stopping global warming，https：//www.theccc.org.uk/publication/net-zero-the-uks-contribution-to-stopping-global-warming/（2022/3/10）.
[9]UK Department for Business，Energy &Industrial Strategy，Net Zero Strategy：Build Back Greener，2021.
[10]Department for Business，Energy &Industrial Strategy，Prime Minister's Office，10 Downing Street，The Rt Hon Alok Sharma MP，and The Rt Hon Boris Johnson MP，The Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution，2020.
[11]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，Industrial Decar bonisation Strategy，2021.
[12]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，Net Zero Research and Innovation Framework，2021.
[13]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，UK Hydrogen Strategy，2021.
[14]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，Clean Growth Strategy，2017.
[15]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，The UK carbon capture，usage and Storage（CCUS）development pathway：an action plan，2018.
[16]UK Department for Business，Innovation&Skills and Department of Energy&Climate Change，Nuclear industrial strategy：the UK's nuclear future，2013.
[17]UK Department for Business，Energy &Industrial Strategy，Industrial Strategy：Offshore Wind Sector Deal，2020.
[18]UK Department for Transport，Bus Back Better：National Bus Strategy for England，2021.
[19]UK Department for Business，Energy&Industrial Strategy，Energy White Paper：Powering our net zero future，2020.
[20]热泵是一种非常高效的电动设备，可从空气、地面或水中提取热量，并将其集中到更高的温度、输送到其他地方，可以取代化石燃料的加热。