第五节 结论

更新于 2026年10月13日 版权声明
第五节 结论

郊区新城在我国城镇化中具有战略地位。但是,由于产业结构以制造业为主、公共设配套设施滞后,以及户籍和其他相关公共服务体系的二元化结构,新城的人口数量增长与城市社会发展并不匹配,或者说“人口城镇化”滞后。新城作为当前我国城市郊区增长的主要形式,人口构成也表现出多样化特征。然而,仅凭硬件设施投入,并不足以吸引资本与人口(特别是高素质人才)。实际上,新城已有相当一部分外来人口。让已进入新城的外来人口融入本地社会,实现长期定居,将是新城经济和社会发展的重要保障。

本章从社会空间融合的视角,考察郊区新城的空间分异与社会融合的问题。由于特殊的快速发展模式,中国郊区新城的社会空间分异特征十分明显。但是,笔者认为,空间隔离与社会融合并没有直接的因果关系,邻里尺度上的集聚,不必然影响本地社会融合。笔者提出,新城尺度上的融合,恰恰取决于不同人群聚居区的邻里特征。邻里特征通过物理空间和社会关系两个维度的开放性和凝聚性对新城居民的本地融合发生作用。在两个维度均具有较好表现的邻里社区,居民能够更好地融入新城的新环境。

我国当前的新城发展政策,强调通过发展服务业、完善城市功能来吸引人口。从社会空间融合的视角,基于邻里空间尺度,制定合理的公共政策,提升外来人口聚居社区通勤能力和公共设施可达性,改善社区居住环境,以及加强本地社区建设,将对外来人口的社会融合起到积极作用,从而促进郊区新城的协调健康发展。

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