二、句段的形成

更新于 2026年10月13日 版权声明
二、句段的形成

句段形成的主因有二:一是简洁表达的需要,其主要表现形式是英语习语,具有一定的约定俗成属性;二是行文的省略形成句段,这种句段以行文语境为依托,具有句段产生和形成的相对属性,可称为省略性句段。

习语类句段如:

“No pains,no gains.”(不劳则无获); “Well fed,well bred.” (吃得饱,懂礼貌);“Penny wise,pound foolish.”(小事精明,大事糊涂);“No smoke without fire.”(无风不起浪); “A sound mind in a sound body.” (健全的思想寓于健全的体魄);“Like father,like son.”(有其父必有其子);“A tooth for a tooth,an eye for an eye.”(以牙还牙,以眼还眼);“year in and year out”(年复一年);“young or old”(无论年长或年幼);“far and wide”(广泛地);“through thick and thin”(历尽艰险);“to be honest”(老实说);“tomy surprise”(让我吃惊的是);“rain or shine”(不管天晴还是下雨);“tomy knowledge.”(据我所知);等等。

行文省略类句段如下所示(省略部分斜体、加黑):(https://www.daowen.com)

One boy is a boy,two boys half a boy,three boys no boy.(一个和尚挑水喝,两个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚就没水喝。)

Study serves for delight,for ornament,and for ability...Readingmaketh a fullman;conference a readyman;and w riting an exactman...Historiesmake men wise;poetswitty;themathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.(读书足以怡情,足以博采,足以长才。……读书使人渊博,交谈使人机敏,写作使人严谨。……读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理学使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。)

——Francis Bacon:Of Studies

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