19.10　劳氏船级社

19.10　劳氏船级社

劳氏船级社（Lloyd's Register of Shipping）[1]在这里值得一提，因为它反映了这一时期船舶建造的重要变革。最早的船名录记载了1764年、1765年及1766年仍在航行的船舶，按船体及设备分类，发行的对象是海上保险商，他们将其当作私人服务，而不是公开发行的出版物。这份船名录给出了约4500艘船的详细情况，包括几艘400—600吨船，2艘800吨船，1艘900吨船。

1800年的名录中有8271艘船。1813年的名录中出现了铁缆，1822年出现了一艘蒸汽船“詹姆斯·瓦特号”（James Watt，294吨）。1827年的名录中有81艘蒸汽船，1832年的名录中有100艘。1834年，一个代表商人、船主和海上保险商的永久性的委员会成立，并与利物浦船舶名录展开了竞争。1836年的名录中第一次出现了关于“用铁建造”的描述，1854年该委员会与造船主合作拟定出铁船建造的规范。劳氏船级社的船舶分类规范，对于提高船舶建造实践、检验已有很大作用的预防海难的设备具有极大的价值。

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