V.Other Effects
With the continuous improvement of phytochemistry research level and modern analysis and detection level, the physiological active factors of Pu’er tea will be gradually revealed, and the high active ingredients in Pu’er tea will be utilized by human being more effectively.Scientific drinking of Pu’er tea is beneficial to health.Besides the above biological activities, Pu’er tea also has some other functions.
（一）抗疲劳
图6-9 普洱茶的抗疲劳作用
近年来许多医学、科研和临床工作者对抗疲劳研究高度重视。黄业伟等人选用健康昆明种小白鼠，按照中国保健食品抗疲劳功能实验方法，从各实验小白鼠在游泳前后可见各小组的小白鼠血清尿素氮的含量一次递增，得出茶褐素类物质能有效地减少体内蛋白质和含氮化合物的分解，降低血清尿素氮的形成，提高肝糖原和肌糖原的贮备能力，明显提高机体的耐力和速度。最后将小白鼠全部游泳至死亡，计算游泳持续时间，3组在抗疲劳方面效果先后顺序为：茶褐素类物质＞普洱茶水浸出物＞蒸馏水，茶褐素类物质抗疲劳效果明显优于普洱茶水浸出物，这充分说明茶褐素类物质在抗疲劳方面可发挥重要作用。
(I)Anti-fatigue
Fig.6-9 Anti-fatigue effect of Pu’er tea
In recent years, many medical, scientific research and clinical workers have attached great importance to anti-fatigue research.Huang Yewei, et al.elected healthy Kunming mice to conduct experiment according to the experimental method of anti-fatigue function of Chinese health food.From the progressive increase of serum urea nitrogen of mice in each group before and after swimming, it was found that the theabrownin could effectively reduce the decomposition of protein and nitrogenous compounds in the body, reduce the formation of serum urea nitrogen,improve the storage capacity of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, and obviously improve the endurance and speed of the body.Finally, all the mice swam to death, and their swimming duration was calculated.The order of anti-fatigue effects of the three groups was: theabrownins ＞ Pu’er tea water extract ＞ distilled water.The anti-fatigue effect of theabrownins was obviously better than that of Pu’er tea water extract, which fully showed that theabrownins could play an important role in anti-fatigue.
（二）普洱茶抗肿瘤
图6-10 普洱茶的抗肿瘤作用
梁明达、胡美英用细胞培养及电子显微镜方法，对普洱茶的抗癌作用进行了深入研究，提出了饮用普洱茶能防癌。他们发现，普洱茶杀死癌细胞的作用极为强烈，甚至以常人喝茶百分之一的浓度就有明显的作用。他们用体外培养的人癌细胞在显微镜下观察到了这种功效，在普洱茶作用后，癌细胞由多边形浓缩变圆，伪足缩短量减少，失去贴附及游走的能力，甚至脱落浮起丢失，核内出现空泡，核仁固缩或碎裂消失，染色体变缩或凝结，核糖体减少，线粒体及内质网扩张，DNA合成减少，核分裂停止，这些变化均可证明癌细胞在普洱茶的作用下，由变性趋向死亡，用环磷酰胺诱导C57小鼠的细胞突变，实验组同时用茶水灌胃，发现普洱茶有对抗突变的作用，也就是有防癌变的功效。普洱茶中茶多酚及其氧化、降解、络合产物都是重要的抗癌、防癌成分，研究还发现普洱茶抗突变的作用，也就是防癌变的功效，其有效成分是茶多酚。且云南大叶种原料加工的普洱茶中富含多种活性物质，如β-胡萝卜素、维生素B、C、E等，都是重要的抗癌微量元素，它们在普洱茶饮用过程中协同产生了保健效果。
(II)Anti-tumor Effect of Pu’er Tea
Fig.6-10 Anti-tumor effect of Pu’er tea
Liang Mingda and Hu Meiying studied in-depth on the anti-cancer effect of Pu’er tea by cell culture and electron microscope, and put forward that drinking Pu’er tea can prevent cancer.They found that Pu’er tea had a very strong effect on killing cancer cells.The effect is obvious even at one percent of the concentration of ordinary tea.They observed this effect under a microscope with human cancer cells cultured in vitro.After the action of Pu’er tea, the cancer cells were concentrated and rounded from polygon, shortened from pseudopodia, lost the ability of attachment and migration, even fell off, floated and lost, vacuoles appeared in the nucleus, nucleolus had pyknosis or fragmentation and thus disappeared, chromosomes shrank or coagulated, ribosomes decreased, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum expanded, DNA synthesis decreased, and nuclear division stopped.All these changes could prove that cancer cells were changed from degeneration to death under the action of Pu’er tea.After inducing cell mutation of C57 mice with cyclophosphamide and washing the stomach of the experimental group with tea soup at the same time, it was found that Pu’er tea had the effect of resisting mutation, that is, it had the effect of preventing cancer degeneration.Tea polyphenol and its oxidation, degradation and complexation products in Pu’er tea are all important components for anti-cancer and cancer prevention.The study also found that anti-mutation effect, that is, anti-cancer effect of Pu’er tea attributes to the tea polyphenol.Moreover, Pu’er tea processed from Yunnan big-leaf variety is rich in a variety of active substances, such as β-carotene, vitamins B, C, E, etc., which are all important anti-cancer trace elements.They synergistically produce health care effects during the process of drinking Pu’er tea.
（三）普洱茶防辐射
图6-11 普洱茶的抗辐射作用
防辐射
随着科技的进步以及电子设备产品的普及应用，人们面对长时间低辐射的情况越来越严重，为保护自身健康寻求一个日常的保健品是很有必要的。邵宛芳等人展开对普洱茶的防辐射作用研究，通过动物试验和细胞试验探索它的防辐射功能。试验研究结果显示，辐射后的小鼠血小板数比正常组的明显减少，灌胃普洱茶水浸提物组，第14天辐照小鼠的血小板数显著增加，判定普洱茶可提高辐射小鼠的免疫能力并对辐射小鼠的血小板损伤有一定的修复作用。另外普洱茶具有保护辐射小鼠造血系统免受辐射损伤的作用。普洱茶通过提高试验动物体内清除自由基和抗氧化酶的作用，以及对血液中各种免疫指标的影响，在整体水平上表现出较好的防辐射作用。其作用机理与其能提高小鼠的免疫能力、修护细胞形态、降低正常细胞辐射敏感性、减少正常细胞的DNA损伤等因素有关。
(III)Anti-radiationEffect of Pu’er Tea
Fig.6-11 Anti-radiation effect of Pu’er tea
With the progress of science and technology and the popularization and application of electronic equipment and products, the situation of long-term low radiation is increasingly severe,so it is necessary to seek a daily healthcare product to keep us healthy.Shao Wanfang, et al.conducted research on the radiation protection effect of Pu’er tea through animal experiments and cell experiments.The experimental results showed that the number of platelets in irradiated mice was significantly lower than that in the normal group.After washing the stomach with Pu’er tea soup extract, the number of platelets in irradiated mice significantly increased on the 14th day.It was judged that Pu’er tea could improve the immunity of irradiated mice and repair the platelet damage in irradiated mice to some extent.In addition, Pu’er tea could also protect the hematopoietic system of irradiated mice from radiation damage.Pu’er tea showed a good radiation prevention effect on an overall level by improving the effects of scavenging free radicals and antioxidant enzymes in experimental animals and affecting various immune indexes in blood.Its mechanism of action is related to its ability of improving the immunity, repairing the cell morphology, reducing the radiation sensitivity of normal cells, and reducing the DNA damage of normal cells of mice.
（四）降尿酸
图6-12 普洱茶的降尿酸作用
近几年高尿酸血症的发病率在全世界范围内逐年增加，尤其是在美国和中国，“高尿酸”已逐渐成为继“三高”后的又一影响机体健康的重要风险因子。机体内尿酸水平长期升高会形成高尿酸血症，研究显示约5%～12%的高尿酸血症会发展成为痛风，高尿酸也与许多慢性疾病的发展密切相关，比如肥胖、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和心血管疾病等，给人们的身体健康和生活质量造成极大损害。随着对普洱茶生物活性研究的深入及扩展，研究发现普洱茶具有降低尿酸水平的功效，通过有效抑制尿酸生成的关键酶——黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）的活性以及抑制肾尿酸盐重吸收，显著降低机体的血尿酸水平。
（五）其他
普洱茶可谓是养生的最佳选择之一，不仅是健康饮品，还拥有丰富的保健功效。另外，普洱茶中的膳食纤维含量也较其他茶叶高，还含有大量的维生素、丰富的矿质元素和种类较齐全的氨基酸等，这些成分在茶汤中的存在对于参与人体的生理、生化过程都很有关系。除大家常见的这些功效外，它还具有健齿护齿、抗基因毒性、抗病毒及抗菌功能，缓解烟毒危害的生物学功效，以及护胃、养胃等功效。神奇的普洱茶总能给我们惊奇的体验，独特的品质特征吸引大家品饮，丰富的保健功效得到大家的关注。
(IV)Urate Lowering
Fig.6-12 Urate lowering effect of Pu’er tea
In recent years, the incidence of hyperuricemia has increased year by year all over the world.Especially in the United States and China,“hyperuricemia”has gradually become another important risk factor that affects the health of the body after the“three highs-hyperlipidemia,hypertension, hyperglycemia”.Long-term increase of uric acid in body will lead to hyperuricemia.Studies show that about 5%-12% of hyperuricemia will develop into gout.Hyperuricemia is also closely related to the development of many chronic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension,hyperlipidaemia, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, which cause great damage to body health and quality of life.With the deepening and expansion of research on the biological activity of Pu’er tea, in recent years, it has been found that Pu’er tea has the effect of lowering uric acid.It can significantly reduce the uric acid in blood by effectively inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase(XOD)and the key enzyme of uric acid production, and inhibiting the reabsorption of renal urate.
(V)Others
Pu’er tea is one of the best choices for health care.It is not only a healthy drink, but also has rich health care effects.In addition, the content of dietary fiber in Pu’er tea is higher than that of other tea.Furthermore, it also contains a lot of vitamins, rich mineral elements and a complete variety of amino acids, etc.The existence of these ingredients in tea soup is closely related to the physiological and biochemical processes of human body.In addition to these common effects, it also can strengthen and protect teeth, resist gene toxicity, virus and bacteria, alleviate the biological effects of tobacco poison, protect and nourish stomach.The magical Pu’er tea always gives us an amazing experience.Its unique quality characteristics attract us to drink.Its rich health care effects get our attention.