Health Education for Patients After Endoscopic ...
[Glossary]
bile 胆汁
amylase 淀粉酶
infect 感染
duodenum 十二指肠
lung 肺
uterus 子宫
pancreatitis 胰腺炎
[Scenario]
护士：张阿姨，您现在感觉好点了吗？
N：Ms.Zhang，do you feel better now？
患者：不，我感觉鼻子痒痒的，很难受。
P：No，my nose is itchy，I feel very uncomfortable.
护士：您刚刚做完ERCP术，会有一些不适感，这个非常正常。
N：You have just finished ERCP.There will be some discomfort，which is normal.
患者：这个管子什么时候能拔掉啊？
P：When can this catheter be pulled out？
护士：现在暂时不能拔掉，因为留置鼻胆管主要是为了引流出感染的胆汁并消除胆胰反流，有效控制炎症。留置管道期间，暂时不能吃任何食物，等血淀粉酶的结果出来才能确定是否能吃东西。
N：This nasal catheter should not be pulled out at this moment because we use it to drain the infected bileand to prevent pancreatobiliary reflux in order to control the inflammation.During this time you should not eat any food until your blood amylase level returns to normal.(https://www.daowen.com)
患者：血淀粉酶是什么？
P：What is blood amylase？
护士：血淀粉酶是一种主要由胰腺分泌的消化酶，另外，十二指肠、肺、子宫、泌乳期的乳腺等器官也有少量分泌。血清淀粉酶活性测定主要用于急性胰腺炎的诊断。
N：Blood amylase is a digestive enzyme which is mainly secreted by the pancreas.Additionally，a small amount of blood amylase comes from the duodenum，lung，uterus，mammary gland of breastfeeding women and other organs as well.The activity of serum amylase is mainly used for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.
患者：什么时候可以抽血？
P：When is the blood test performed？
护士：术后您需要卧床休息，禁食24小时。术后3小时及次日凌晨分别查血淀粉酶，若淀粉酶正常，无腹痛、发热、黄疸等情况方可进食。由清流质过渡到低脂流质，再到低脂半流质，避免摄入粗纤维食物，防止对术后十二指肠乳头的摩擦导致渗血，一周后可进食普食，但如果严重的话，需适当延长禁食和卧床时间，建立静脉输液通路，给予支持治疗。
N：You must fast for 24 hours and stay in bed for several hours after the surgery.Your blood amylase will be analyzed 3 hours and the next morning after the surgery.You can eat foods if the amylase is normal，and no abdominal pain，fever or jaundice presents.You should gradually convert from a clear-fluid diet toa low-fat liquid diet，and then to a low-fat semi-liquid diet，and avoid intake of crude fiber to reduce the friction to the duodenal papilla，which may cause bleeding.A week later，you may have a normal diet.However，if your condition is serious，you ought to extend time of fasting and bed resting，and establish the intravenous infusion pathway as a supportive treatment.
患者：那我还需要注意什么？我希望能尽快拔管。
P：What else should I pay attention to？I wish the catheter would be removed as soon as possible.
护士：我们需要固定鼻胆管。活动及睡觉时，保护好导管，以防意外脱出。如怀疑导管有少许脱出，不宜强行往里送导管，及时告诉我就可以了。我们会随时观察胆汁引流情况，确保充分引流，每日我也会观察并记录引流液的量、颜色、性质。一般每日引流量在200～800 ml，如若引流量减少或无胆汁引出，可能是因为导管堵塞或脱出，但您不用担心，我们会对症处理的，不会危及您的生命。
N：We need to keep the catheter in the right position all the time.Please take good care of the catheter during daytime activity and sleep to prevent it from accidentally sliding out.If you suspect the catheter is sliding out，please let us know and do not attempt to put the catheter back by yourself.We will observe constantly the outflow of the bile to ensure adequate drainage.Besides，we will observe and record the volume，color and nature of the drainage fluid every day.Generally，the volume of daily drainage is around 200 to 800 ml.If the volume is markedly reduced or no drainage is observed，then catheter blockage orsliding may have occurred.In that case，we will deal with it timely.Don't worry，it will not threaten your life.
患者：太感谢了！
P：Thanks a lot！
护士：不客气。
N：You're welcome.
[Phrases]
intravenous infusion 静脉输液
supportive treatment 支持治疗