Health Education for Patients of Drug-Loaded Mi...
[Glossary]
microparticle 微球；微粒
formulation 制剂
starch 淀粉
chitosan 壳聚糖
carrier 载体
doxorubicin 多柔比星（阿霉素）
epirubicin 表柔比星（表阿霉素）
irinotecan 伊立替康
embolization 栓塞
toxicity 毒性
enzyme 酶
[Scenario]
护士：夏先生，您好，我是您的责任护士丽丽。您需要进行介入治疗，我来跟您说一下注意事项。
N：Hello，Mr.Xia.I'm your primary nurse，Li Li.You are scheduled for an interventional treatment.Let me tell you some details about it.
患者：好的，丽丽，我还准备去找你了解一下呢，我明天有一个新药，以前都没听说过。
P：OK，Li Li.I am just going to come to you.I will receive a new drug tomorrow，but I haven't heard of it before.
护士：您说的是载药微球吧，您有什么不懂的，我来解释给您听。
N：Are you talking about the drug-loaded microsphere？What do you want to know about？I'll explain it to you.
患者：我想知道载药微球的作用原理，以及用的什么药。
P：I would like to know how this drug-loaded microsphere works，and which drug is loaded.
护士：好。药物微球是一种新型药物制剂，它是利用淀粉、壳聚糖、聚乳酸、明胶等高分子聚合物材料作为载体，将固体或液体药物包裹而形成的微小的球状实体的固体骨架物，其直径大小不一，一般在100～300μm，甚至更大，属于基质型骨架微粒。
N：All right.Drug-loaded microsphere is a new type of drug formulation which uses starch，chitosan，polylactic acid，gelatin and other polymer materials as carrier.It encapsulates solid or liquid drugs in a tiny globular entity.Its diameter is generally 100～300μm，sometimes larger.It's a kind of matrix scaffold microsphere.
患者：听起来很复杂，那可以用哪些药呢？(https://www.daowen.com)
P：Sounds complicated.Specifically，what drugs can be used by this drug-loaded microsphere？
护士：载药微球可以负载多柔比星、表柔比星、伊立替康等多种化疗药物，在肝癌等恶性肿瘤中，起到栓塞与局部高浓度化疗的联合作用，使患者全身毒副作用大大降低，同时也可以显著提高进展期肝癌的客观有效率和疾病控制率。
N：It can carry doxorubicin，epirubicin，irinotecan and other chemotherapeutic agents.In the treatment of liver cancers and other malignant tumors，it combines embolization with chemotherapy with high local concentration，which greatly reduces toxicity and meanwhile，significantly improves the efficacy anddisease control rate of liver cancers in progressive stage.
患者：那它的副作用大吗？
P：How about the side effects？
护士：载药微球作为一种新型给药技术，既能通过调节和控制药物的释放速度实现长效的目的，又能保护药物不受体内酶的影响而降解，掩盖药物的不良口味，减少给药次数和药物刺激，降低毒性和不良反应，提高疗效。此外，微球还与某些细胞组织有特殊亲和性，能被器官组织的网状内皮系统所内吞或被细胞融合，集中于靶区逐步扩散释出药物或被溶酶体中的酶降解而释出药物，从而起到靶向治疗的作用。
N：As a new drug delivery technique，the drug-loaded microsphere can improve efficacy by regulating and controlling release speed of drugs，and prevent drugs from degrading by enzyme.It can also avoid the unpleasant taste of the drug itself，decrease the frequency of administration，reduce drug stimulation，toxicity and other side effects，and thus improve the drug efficacy.In addition，the drug-loaded microsphere has special affinity with specific cells and tissues by means of being engulfed by reticuloendothelial system or fused by cells.The drug is then concentrated at the target area and gradually dispersed or released by enzymatic degradation of the lysosome，in this way it plays the role of targeted therapy.
患者：你讲得很详细也很清楚，我明白了，谢谢你的解释。
P：I see.Thank you for your detailed explanation.
护士：不用谢，这是我应该做的。祝您明天手术成功。
N：You are welcome，this is my duty.Wish you a successful operation tomorrow.
[Phrases]
interventional treatment 介入治疗
drug-loaded microparticle 载药微球
polylactic acid 聚乳酸
polymer material 聚合物材料
globular entity 球状实体
matrix scaffold microparticle 基质型骨架微粒
high concentration 高浓度
drug delivery technique 给药技术
drug stimulation 药物刺激
drug toxicity 药物毒性
enzymatic degradation 酶降解