Health Education for Patients with Indwelling Ur...
[Glossary]
colorless 无色的
transparent 透明的
turbid 浑浊的
crystalline 结晶的
bladder 膀胱
[Scenario]
护士：您好，张先生。我是您的责任护士小孙。
N：Hello！Mr.Zhang.I am your primary nurse.You can call me Xiao Sun.
患者：你好！小孙。
P：Hello！Xiao Sun.
护士：由于您12小时未解小便，感觉腹胀，根据医嘱要给您留置导尿管。
N：Because you have no urine output for up to 12 hours，and you have abdominal distention，we will insert an indwelling catheter for you according to the medical order.
患者：好的，能简单介绍一下这个导尿管的作用吗？
P：All right.Could you please give me a brief introduction about the purpose of this catheter？
护士：这根导管主要是引流尿液，解除尿潴留问题。
N：This catheter is mainly used to drain your urine and relieve urinary retention.
患者：好的，谢谢。那我怎么维护这个导管？
P：OK，thanks.How do I maintain this catheter？
护士：要妥善固定引流管，防止导管滑出。要保持引流通畅，不能扭曲，特别注意睡觉、翻身时不能压住引流管。
N：You should secure the drainage catheter to prevent it from sliding out.Please don't twist or press on the catheter when you sleep or turn over in order to keep it unobstructed.
患者：那我需要观察引流液吗？
P：Do I need to keep an eye on the drainage fluid？
护士：要的，正常尿液是无色、透明或淡黄色，正常尿量每天1 500～2 000 ml。如果发现尿液混浊、沉淀、有结晶时，应及时告知医生或护理人员。
N：Yes.Normally the urine is colorless，transparent or pale yellow with a daily output of 1 500～2 000 ml.If urine is found to be turbid，sedimented and crystalline，you should inform the doctors or nurses in time.
患者：那我能起床活动吗？(https://www.daowen.com)
P：Can I get up and do some exercises？
护士：可以的，起床后用别针把导管固定在同侧衣服上，但引流袋的位置要低，不能高于穿刺点，以防引流袋里的液体反流引起感染。
N：Yes.Please use the pin to secure the catheter on the same side of your clothes.In order to prevent infection resulted from urine reflux，the location of the drainage bag should be lower than the puncture point.
患者：我知道了。
P：OK，I got it.
护士：每日要多饮水，2 000～3 000 ml，增加内冲洗作用，减少尿路感染的机会，同时也可以预防尿路结石的形成。
N：You need to drink enough water，about 2 000～3 000 ml per day.It will flush the waste out and reduce the risk of urinary tract infection.It can also reduce the risk of stone formation.
患者：什么时候可以拔管？
P：When can the catheter be pulled out？
护士：您需要先训练膀胱反射功能，可采用间歇式夹管方式。夹闭导尿管，每3～4小时开放一次，使膀胱定时充盈和排空，促进膀胱功能恢复，病情稳定后就可拔管。
N：Before removing the catheter，intermittent clamping of the catheter can be used to train bladder reflex function.The catheter should be opened with the interval of 3～4 hours，so that the bladder can be regularly filled and emptied to promote the recovery of bladder function.After your condition becomes stable，the catheter can be pulled out.
患者：好的，谢谢你！
P：OK，thank you！
护士：不用谢！
N：You are welcome！
[Phrases]
urinary catheter 导尿管
drain urine 引流尿液
urinary retention 尿潴留
slide out 滑脱
drainage fluid 引流液
pale yellow 淡黄色
the location of ……的位置
urinary tract infection 尿路感染
reflex function 反射功能