Health Education for Patients with Ascites 腹水患者的...
[Glossary]
ascites 腹水
edema 水肿
intake and output 出入量
lower limb 下肢
blood coagulation function 凝血功能
intra-abdominal pressure 腹内压
[Scenario]
护士：您好！张先生！我是您的责任护士春梅。
N：Hello！Mr.Zhang！I am the nurse in charge of you.My name is Chunmei.
患者：你好！春梅。
P：Hello！Chunmei.
护士：因为您有腹水，我来给您做个腹水的宣教。
N：Since you have ascites，I'll give you a health education about it.
患者：好的，谢谢你！
P：Good，thank you！
护士：因为您有腹水，双下肢也水肿了，所以您每天喝的水不能太多，应限制在1 000 ml左右。您要每天准确记录您的出入量，这样便于观察病情，并为医生用药提供可靠的资料。
N：Because of ascites，and both of your lower limbs are edematous，please do not drink too much water，limit your water intake to the amount of about 1 000 ml a day.Remember to record the intake and outputaccurately，which is helpful for analyzing your condition and providing the doctor with reliable information for prescribing.
患者：好的，我会认真记的。
P：OK，I'll do it carefully.
护士：肝功能不好的患者，凝血功能也会不好，食管、胃底曲张的静脉很容易出血，所以您不能吃那些硬的、粗糙的食物，要吃柔软的。不要吃太油腻的食物，尽量清淡。平时饮食要少盐或者无盐，不能吃太咸的，如咸菜、酱菜等。此外，要少量多餐，细嚼慢咽。
N：Patients with poor liver function usually have poor blood coagulation function too，and esophageal and gastric varices are easy to bleed，so you should eat soft foods instead of hard and rough foods.In addition，avoid greasy foods，and a light diet is suggested.Diets should contain a little salt or no salt.Salty foods such as pickles and marinated vegetables should be avoided.Eat less and more frequently.And please chew your food carefully before swallowing it.(https://www.daowen.com)
患者：那我应该吃些什么呢？
P：What should I eat？
护士：要加强营养，您可以适量吃些蛋白质含量高的食物，如牛奶、鸡蛋、瘦肉等，多吃些新鲜的水果、蔬菜。
N：You are suggested to eat high-protein foods，such as milk，eggs and lean meats to improve your nutrition.In addition，you should have more fresh fruits and vegetables.
患者：我知道了。那平时要注意些什么吗？
P：I see.What should I pay attention to？
护士：可以经常抬高双下肢，减轻水肿。尽量避免用力咳嗽和用力排便，以免加重腹内压，加重腹胀，造成不舒服。
N：You can frequently raise the lower limbs to reduce edema.Try to avoid hard cough and forced defecation，so as not to increase the intra-abdominal pressure，which may aggravate abdominal distension and discomfort.
患者：好的！那我能活动吗？
P：OK！Can I do some exercises？
护士：可以的，您可以适当活动，多注意休息，不要太劳累，如果感到不舒服就停下来。尽量保持心情愉悦，好的心态对恢复疾病很有用。同时，还要注意个人卫生，注意保暖，不要感冒了！
N：Yes，you can take part in some moderate activities，have good rests，limit the intensity and stop doing any activities whenever you feel uncomfortable.Try to keep a good mood，which will be very beneficial to your recovery.Meanwhile，pay attention to your personal hygiene and keep warm for avoiding catching a cold！
患者：好的，谢谢你！
P：OK，thank you！
护士：不用谢！祝您早日康复！
N：My pleasure！Wish you recover soon！
[Phrases]
catch a cold 感冒
keep warm 保暖
be very beneficial to 非常有益于
poor liver function 肝功能不好
in charge of 负责