胃食管反流病Chapter 1 Gastroesophageal reflux disease
学习目标
1.了解疾病发生机制
2.熟悉刺激胃酸分泌的食物
3.掌握饮食指导、药物宣教
4.掌握以下词汇
regular diet 规律饮食
stomachache 胃痛
heartburn 胃灼热
Zhang Jun has severe symptoms of acid reflux, heartburn and bloating, and is clinically diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).He comes to the hospital for reflux control.His primary nurse Xiao Ran is talking with Zhang Jun and giving him a health instruction.
Xiao Ran: Morning, Zhang Jun.It's a sunny day today.Any unusual discomfort last night?
Zhang Jun: Morning Xiao Ran! I am sorry I did not follow your advice and drank some coffee after dinner, as I didn't finish my engineering drawings until 2 o'clock this morning, I am not feeling well right now, with noticeable stomachache, heartburn,and acid reflux.
Xiao Ran: Oh, I am sorry to hear that.You have so much work to do, even in the hospital.If you cannot keep a regular diet and have enough rest, it is difficult to cure GERD.
Zhang Jun: Could you tell me again what foods I should avoid? I will take your suggestions seriously this time.
Xiao Ran: OK, Zhang Jun.First, you should try to maintain a regular lifestyle, including work, diet, and enough rest.You'd better eat easy-to-digest meals.Poached and steamed foods are better choices than fried foods.Caffeine, which is commonly found in coffee and strong tea, may cause heartburn.After meal you'd better sit for 30 minutes and do not lie down immediately.Especially after dinner, it is recommended to walk for an hour.Use a high pillow during sleep.
Zhang Jun: Thank you so much, Xiao Ran.I will bear your advice in mind.
译文
张军有非常严重的反酸、烧心和腹胀症状，临床诊断为胃食管反流病。此次为控制胃酸反流入院，小冉是他的责任护士，她正在和患者对话并给予张军健康教育。
小冉：早安张军，今天天气晴好！昨晚有无特殊不适？
张军：早安小冉！抱歉，我没有遵循你的建议，晚饭后喝了咖啡。昨晚绘制工程图直到凌晨2点。现在我感觉不舒服，有明显的胃痛、胃灼热和胃酸反流。
小冉：哦，我很抱歉听到这些，你有很多工作要做，甚至在医院里都停不下来。如果你不能管理好饮食和休息时间，那么很难治愈胃食管反流病。
张军：你能不能告诉我什么食物不能吃？这次我会认真听从你的建议。
小冉：好的，张军。首先，你应该尽量保持规律的生活和休息，包括工作、饮食和充分的休息。我建议你吃易消化的食物，水煮和蒸食比油炸食品更适合你。浓茶、咖啡里含咖啡因，会引发胃部灼热感。吃完食物后，最好坐30分钟，不要立刻躺下。特别是在晚饭后，建议散步1个小时，睡觉时需要一个较高的枕头。
张军：非常感谢你小冉！我会牢记你的建议。