3.4　TGSO down-regulated pro-apoptotic gene express...

3.4　TGSO down-regulated pro-apoptotic gene expression and up-regulated anti-apoptotic gene expression involved in signal transduction pathways

Related gene expression involved in three pathways was measured for anti-diabetic mechanism identification.After 48h exposure to high glucose，mRNA expression levels of Caspase-3、i NOS、ATF-3、JNK、p38、Fas genes of model group increased to 298%，159%，917%，264%，254%and 119%，respectively，while Akt，Bcl-2/Bax genes reduced by 63%and 60%(Figure 3).

Figure 3　Effects of TGSO on Apoptosis-Related Genes Expression in High Glucoseinduced Rin-m5F Cells(https://www.daowen.com)

Data represent mean±S.D(n=3 for each group).The values are statistically significant and presented as follows：*p＜0.05 vs.control group；**p＜0.01 vs.control group；# p＜0.05 vs.model group；# # p＜0.01 vs.model group.

In TGSO group，the expressions of pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase-3，i NOS，ATF-3，JNK，p38 and Fas gene were down-regulated to 46%，41%，11%，40%，34%and 68% of the model group.Among them，expressions of i NOS and p38 were even lower than the controls.The anti-apoptotic gene Akt and Bcl-2/Bax gene expressions were up-regulated to 110%and 213%compared with model group(Figure 3).