Health Education for Patients with Hematoma 血肿患者...
[Glossary]
hematoma 血肿
bloated 肿胀的
defecate 排便
forcibly 用力地
absorption 吸收
emphasis 强调
enlargement 扩大
rehabilitation 康复
unfavorable 不利的
extubation 拔管
[Scenario]
护士：李阿姨，您好，今天是您介入手术后的第二天，您现在感觉怎么样？
N：Hello，Ms.Li.Today is the second day after your interventional operation.How do you feel now？
患者：没有什么特殊的感觉，就是昨天手术的地方有点胀，有点疼。
P：Nothing special.I just feel a little bit bloated and painful in the operation site.
护士：可以让我看一下手术的地方吗？
N：Can I take a look？
患者：好的。
P：Of course.
护士：您的手术穿刺点有点肿，可能是发生了血肿。
N：Your puncture point is swollen and there may be ahematoma.
患者：什么是血肿？我不太明白。很严重吗？怎么会这样啊？
P：What is hematoma？I do not understand.Is it serious？Why did it happen？
护士：阿姨，您不要这么紧张，股动脉穿刺术后是有可能发生血肿的，还好我们发现得早，采取一些简单的措施就可以让血肿慢慢吸收消失了。
N：Ms.Li，take it easy.It is possible to have the hematoma after the femoral artery puncture.Fortunately，we found it early and it will disappear by some simple measures.The hematoma will be absorbed gradually.
患者：要用什么办法啊？
P：What is the measure？(https://www.daowen.com)
护士：因为您现在出现了血肿，所以需要延长加压包扎的时间。您在咳嗽或者用力排便、排尿时要压迫穿刺点。如果您的穿刺点出血的话，我们会给您重新加压包扎。出现血肿24小时后，我们可以热敷伤口以促进吸收。现在的重点还是加压包扎以及防止血肿继续扩大。
N：Because you have a hematoma now，you need to use pressure bandage a bit longer.You should press the puncture point when you cough，defecate forcibly or urinate.If your puncture point bleeds，we will reapply the pressure bandage for you.After 24 hours of hematoma，we can use warm compress for the wound to promote absorption.The emphasis now is on pressure bandage and prevention of continued enlargement of the hematoma.
患者：那我可以活动吗？我躺在床上时间太久了，很难受。
P：Can I move around？I've been lying in bed for too long.I feel so uncomfortable.
护士：阿姨，我理解您的感受，任何人躺在床上时间长了都不会舒服的，但是您现在的情况不适合下床活动。您需要卧床休息，防止伤口继续出血，那样的话血肿会持续扩大，不利于康复。希望您能理解并配合我们的工作，这都是为了您好。
N：Ms.Li，I know your feelings.Anyone lying in bed for such a long time would not feel well.However，your situation is not suitable for getting out of bed.You have to rest in bed to prevent the wound from further bleeding.If the bleeding continues and hematoma enlarges，it will be unfavorable for your rehabilitation.I hope you can understand and cooperate with us.It is all for your own good.
患者：好的，我明白了。那为什么我会出现血肿？我想了解一下。
P：OK，I see.What is the cause of hematoma？I want to know about it.
护士：血肿产生的原因很多，主要有：反复穿刺插管、拔管后穿刺点压迫不当、肝素用量过大或患者自身存在凝血功能障碍。
N：There are many reasons to cause a hematoma.It is mainly due to repeated puncture，improper compression after extubation，overdose of heparin，or coagulation disorders of patients.
患者：那我是哪种原因引起的呢？
P：Which one caused mine？
护士：这个我现在还不能确定，需要医生对您做身体评估以及相关检查之后才能确定。我一会儿会把您的情况告知您的管床医生的，您不要太担心。
N：I'm not sure yet.You need the doctor to make a physical assessment and related examinations.I'll tell your doctor about it later.Don't worry too much.
患者：好的，太感谢您了。
P：OK，thank you very much.
护士：不用客气，这是我应该做的，您好好休息。
N：Don't mention it.That's what I should do.Have a good rest.
患者：好的，谢谢。
P：OK，thank you.
[Phrases]
femoral artery 股动脉
pressure bandage 加压包扎
cooperate with 合作
repeated puncture 反复穿刺
improper compression 压迫不当
coagulation disorder 凝血功能障碍