Health Education for Patients with Hypokalemia A...
[Glossary]
hypokalemia 低钾血症
transcatheter 经导管
chemoembolization 化疗栓塞
supplement 补充
[Scenario]
护士：李先生，早上好。我是您的责任护士春梅。
N：Mr.Li，good morning.I am your primary nurse Chunmei.
患者：早上好。
P：Good morning.
护士：您昨天做了肝栓塞化疗，今天感觉怎么样？有什么不舒服的吗？
N：You had transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE）yesterday，how are you feeling today？Is there any discomfort？
患者：没有什么特别的感觉，就是浑身无力，不想动，不想吃东西。
P：Nothing special，I just feel weak，and do not want to move or eat.
护士：您今天早上抽血检查了吗？
N：Did you take the blood test this morning？
患者：是的，5点多的时候值班护士过来给我抽血，她说结果会在早上8点多出来。
P：Yes，at 5 o'clock，the nurse on call came to draw blood for me.She said the blood test result would come out at8 in the morning.
护士：好的，我一会儿去护士站的电脑给您看一下血液检查的结果。
N：OK，I'll go to the nurse station and check your result on the computer later.
患者：好的，谢谢你。
P：All right，thank you.
护士：李先生，您的血液检查结果已经出来了，其他血液指标都还可以，但是血钾有点低，是2.9 mmol/L。
N：Mr.Li，your blood test result has come out.It seems fine except that the blood potassium is a bit low.It is 2.9 mmol/L.
患者：很低吗？正常值是多少呢？
P：Is it very low？What is the normal value？
护士：这个值低于正常血钾值，但不是特别低。正常血钾范围是3.5～5.5 mmol/L。
N：It is lower than normal，but not particularly low.The range of normal blood potassium is 3.5～5.5 mmol/L.
患者：哦，那我现在要怎么办？
P：Oh，what am I going to do now？
护士：您不要紧张，低钾血症是肝癌栓塞化疗术后经常发生的症状。您现在的血钾没有特别低，并不是非常严重。您可以少量多餐，尽量多吃点高钾食物。(https://www.daowen.com)
N：You don't have to be nervous.Hypokalemia is common after TACE.Your blood potassium is not very low，so it is not a serious condition.You can eat less and more often and try to eat foods rich in potassium.
患者：哪些是高钾食物呢？我不太清楚。
P：What are the foods with rich potassium？I have no idea.
护士：高钾的食物有很多种。水果里面有：香蕉、苹果、葡萄、西瓜、杏子、橘子；蔬菜里面有：菠菜、苋菜、香菜、油菜、甘蓝、茄子、番茄、黄瓜、芹菜等；海藻类里面有：紫菜、海带等。您可以根据自己的喜好，选择一些喜欢吃的食物，定时定量，多吃一点。
N：There are many kinds of high-potassium foods.For fruits we have banana，apple，grape，watermelon，apricot，orange，etc.；for vegetables we have spinach，amaranth，coriander，rape，cabbage，eggplant，tomato，cucumber，celery，etc.；for seaweed foods we have nori，kelp，etc.You may choose those you preferred，and take a certain amount of them regularly.
患者：好的，我明白了。那要是吃这些食物不管用怎么办？低钾血症会不会恶化？
P：All right，Isee.What can I do if it does not work after I eat these foods？Will the hypokalemia get worse？
护士：这些食物会有帮助的，您不要太担心。如果您通过饮食疗法不能改善低钾血症或者您的情况继续恶化，医生会给您开一些口服补钾的药物，因为口服补钾效果好，而且更安全。有极少部分患者会出现严重低血钾的情况，我们会采用静脉补钾的方法。
N：These foods will be helpful.Don't worry too much.If your hypokalemia is not improved by diet therapy，or your condition keeps getting worse，the doctor will give you some oral potassium supplement because oral potassium supplement is better and safer.For those rare severe hypokalemia patients，we will supplement potassium intravenously.
患者：好的，我明白了。
P：OK，I see.
护士：那您让您家里人先去买一些香蕉、苹果之类的高钾水果吧，等到中午吃饭的时候再买一些其他的高钾食物。
N：You can ask your family to buy some high-potassium fruits such as bananas and apples，and buy some other high-potassium foods at lunch time.
患者：好。
P：OK.
护士：那您好好休息，有什么问题请您随时告诉我。
N：Have a good rest.Please let me know if you have any questions.
患者：好的，谢谢。
P：All right，thank you.
护士：不用客气。
N：You are welcome.
[Phrases]
blood test 血液检查
come out 出来
nurse station 护士站
blood potassium 血钾
normal value 正常值
particularly low 特别低
diet therapy 饮食疗法
oral potassium supplement 口服补钾