Smoking Cessation Education 戒烟宣教
[Glossary]
particle 颗粒
nicotine 尼古丁
monoxide 一氧化物
tar 焦油
ammonia 氨
benzene 苯
carcinogen 致癌物质
implement 实施
[Scenario]
护士：张爷爷，您好，我是您的责任护士小高。我可以问您几个问题吗？
N：Hello，Mr.Zhang.I'm your primary nurse Xiao Gao.May I ask you a few questions？
患者：当然可以。
P：Sure.
护士：请问您吸烟吗？烟龄大概是多少呢？
N：Do you smoke？If the answer is yes，how many years have you been smoking？
患者：是的，我吸烟大概20多年了。
P：Yes，about 20 years.
护士：那您知道吸烟有害健康吗？
N：Do you know that smoking is harmful to your health？
患者：我知道的。
P：Well，I know.
护士：目前全国每天有2 000余人死于吸烟，预计到2050年将增至8 000人。
N：More than 2 000 people die from smoking every day in our country，and this number is expected to increase to 8 000 by the year 2050.
患者：真是非常惊人的数字。
P：That number is really staggering.
护士：医学证实，每支烟燃烧时释放出4 000多种化学物质、几十亿个颗粒，含有尼古丁、一氧化碳、焦油、氨、苯等69种致癌物。
N：Medical research hasshown that each cigarette releases more than 4 000 chemicals and billions of particles，which contain nicotine，carbon monoxide，tar，ammonia，benzene and other 69 carcinogens.(https://www.daowen.com)
患者：听起来很可怕。
P：It sounds terrible.
护士：而二手烟对他人伤害更大。避免这种伤害唯一的办法就是戒烟。
N：And secondhand smoking is even more harmful to others.The only way to avoid this kind of injury is to quit smoking.
患者：我总是控制不住想吸烟，你有什么好的办法吗？
P：I just cannot control myself from smoking，do you have any good suggestions？
护士：首先，您得给自己树立能戒烟的信心。其次，给自己一些时间，您抽烟已经几十年了，想要戒烟并不容易。不抽烟时，您会出现一些不自觉的症状，如焦虑、口干、头疼等，这时需要转移注意，可以洗热水澡、多喝果汁、多做运动等。慢慢减少抽烟数量，这样您就会越抽越少，最后不想抽烟了。
N：First of all，you have to build up confidence.Then，give yourself some time.You have been smoking for decades and to quite it is not easy.You may have someunconscious symptoms when you stop smoking at the beginning.You need to divert your attention to other things if anxiety，dry mouth or headache occurs.For example，take a hot shower，drink fruit juice or do more exercises.You can reduce your cigarettes use，so that you will smoke less and less gradually，and eventually you may not want to smoke at all.
患者：真的有效吗？
P：Is it really effective？
护士：当然，只要肯坚持。您还需要学会拒绝他人给您的烟，告诉对方您正在戒烟。避免和喜欢抽烟的朋友待在密闭的环境中。
N：Of course，as long as you can keep doing it.You also need to learn to decline others'offering of cigarettes and tell them you are in cessation.Besides，try to avoid staying with friends who like smoking in the place without enough fresh air.
患者：我会尽我所能。
P：I will try my best.
护士：相信您一定能做到。病房里面不能吸烟您是知道的，如果真的很想抽烟的话，知道要去哪里吗？
N：I believe you will make it.You know that it is forbidden to smoke inside the ward，but if you really can't help it，do you know where to go？
患者：我知道的，楼下有专门的吸烟区域。从今天开始，我要慢慢戒烟，小高，你来督促我。
P：I know，there is a smoking area downstairs.Starting from today，I will reduce and quit smoking gradually，you are the supervisor，Xiao Gao.
护士：好的，张爷爷。
N：No problem，Mr.Zhang.
[Phrases]
quit smoking 戒烟
be harmful to 对……有害
be expected to 预计
increase to 增加到
secondhand smoking 二手烟
unconscious symptom 不自觉的症状
divert attention 转移注意力