口腔颌面部异常相关的治疗建议

五、口腔颌面部异常相关的治疗建议

1.唇腭裂手术 在对这类患者手术前,需要进行彻底的评估,以排除系统性问题,尤其是垂体、甲状腺和肾上腺功能障碍。麻醉时由于异常的面部解剖和狭窄的气管,易导致气道麻醉操作困难。文献报道手术中有感觉性窒息的可能性,主要原因尚不明确,贫血和中枢神经发育不良均可导致这一现象的发生。在手术修复过程中,由于口轮匝肌有较大的裂口和鸟状面,导致口轮匝肌过度紧张,手术治疗难度较大。

2.牙齿发育异常 前牙区的过小牙影响美观时,如果有足够长度的牙根,可以进行复合树脂修复,改善前牙美观;由于部分患者牙本质发育不全,可出现牙齿的磨耗,故可制作图示垫给予保护和预防;对于釉质发育不全的患牙,由于矿化差易患龋,可局部涂氟进行预防,当出现缺陷或变色时,及时进行树脂充填治疗。

参考文献

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(刘婷 杨卫东)