陈从周生平 CHEN CONGZHOU TIMELINE
此生平系根据乐峰所著《陈从周传》编纂而成。
This timeline is written based on Yue Feng's Chen Congzhou's Life.
陈从周，浙江杭州人。别名梓室、梓翁，同济大学教授，中国闻名的建筑学家、园林艺术家。他是我国继明朝计成、文震亨，清朝李渔之后，现当代既能亲自动手造园、复园，又能著书立说、品评、记述中国园林的第一人。
Chen Congzhou (1918-2000), sobriquets Man from Carpenter's Studio and Elderly Carpenter, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, a Tongji University professor of architecture, a leading Chinese garden historian of his generation, as well as a practicing landscape architect. Following in the steps of Ji Cheng (1582-c. 1642) and Wen Zhenheng (1585-1645) of the Ming and Li Yu (1611-1680) of the Qing, he was the only man in modern China who could make gardens and restore old ones with his own hands while writing books to appreciate and comment on Chinese gardens.
1918
11月27日出生于浙江省杭州市。童年时期即喜欢养花种草、叠石理水，喜爱绘画，喜背古诗。
November 27, birth of Chen Congzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, the beginning of a boyhood in which he learns poetry, painting, and landscape gardening.
1938
入之江大学文学系中国语文学科。诗词师承夏承焘教授。
Enrolls in Hangchow University School of Literature to study Chinese and classical poetry under Professor Xia Chengtao (1900-1986), a founding father of modern studies of classical lyrical poetry.
1942
毕业后，受聘于杭州市立师范学校。
Graduates from Hangchow University School of Literature with a B.A. and starts teaching in the Hangzhou Normal College.
1943
与海宁蒋定结婚，为徐志摩姻兄妹。徐志摩堂姐亦为陈从周二嫂。得悉志摩轶事，开始了对徐志摩的钻研。
Marries Jiang Ding (?-1986) from a distinguished family in Haining, Zhejiang province. Begins researches of Xu Zhimo (1897-1931), a prominent modern Chinese poet who is his wife's cousin and whose elder uncle's daughter is Chen's second elder brother's wife.
1944
长女陈胜吾出生。省立杭州中学任教，杭州市立中学任教。
Birth of his elder daughter, Chen Shengwu. Teaches at the Provincial Hangzhou Senior Middle School and the Hangzhou Municipal Middle School.
1946
儿子陈丰出生。圣约翰大学附中任教。张大千收其为入室弟子。
Birth of his son, Chen Feng. Teaches at the High School Affiliated to Saint John's University in Shanghai. Apprenticed to Chang Dai-chien (1899-1983) the celebrated traditional Chinese and modern impressionist and expressionist painter.
1948
于上海举办个人画展，以《一丝柳一寸柔情》蜚声海上画坛。
Debuts in Shanghai as a fledgling figure, landscape and floral painter at a personal retrospective which features the painting A Wisp of Willow, an Inch of Tenderness, among others.
1949
发表处女作《徐志摩年谱》，成为当今研究徐志摩和中国现代文学史的宝贵资料。《陈从周画集》刊印。
Publishes the first book of his life, A Chronology of the Life of Xu Zhimo, which remains to this day an indispensable source for studies of the poet and modern Chinese literary history. His album The Paintings of Chen Congzhou is published.
1950
任苏州美术专科学校副教授，教授中国美术史，结识古建筑专家刘敦桢教授，开始古建筑生涯。同年秋，执教于圣约翰大学建筑系，正式教授中国建筑史。
Appointed as associate professor in Chinese art history by the Suzhou Fine Arts Academy, where he comes under the tutorage of Liu Dunzhen (1897-1968), a preeminent professor of classical Chinese architecture. When the new academic year begins in September, he is already a full-time professor of Chinese architecture history at Saint John's University Department of Architecture in Shanghai.
1951
受聘于之江大学建筑系，兼课于苏南工业专科学校，课余开始了苏州古建筑、古园林以及诸多名人故居的考察。
Becomes an associate professor of architecture with the Hangchow University Department of Architecture in Shanghai and an associate professor with the South Jiangsu Industrial School of Suzhou, where in his spare time he begins fieldwork on ancient buildings, garden architecture and mansions.
1952
小女陈馨出生。院系调整，执教于同济大学建筑系，受黄作燊副主任之托筹建建筑历史教研室。
Birth of his younger daughter Chen Xin. Begins his lifelong tenure as a professor with the newly established Tongji University Department of Architecture, where he prepares for the establishment of an architecture history teaching and research office at the request of Associate Dean Huang Zuoshen (1915-1975).
1953
师从我国古建筑研究鼻祖朱启钤先生。与刘敦桢先生结伴至曲阜，对孔庙作详细的勘察与考证。《漏窗》出版。
Apprenticed to Zhu Qiqian (1872-1964), a prominent expert in ancient Chinese architecture and creator of the Society for the Study of Chinese Architecture. Goes on a surveying tour of the Confucian Temple, Qufu, with Liu Dunzhen. His book Latticed Windows is published.
1954
《文物参考资料》杂志上发表了第一篇有关古建筑考察专文——吴县洞庭东山杨湾庙。勘察虎丘塔，揭开了虎丘塔的结构之谜，成为太平天国之后第一登塔人。参与上海龙华塔复原修缮。
The journal Cultural Artifacts Reference, issue No. 3, carries "The Main Hall of the Yangwan Temple in the East Dongting Mountain in Wuxian County," his first ever essay on traditional Chinese architecture. Becomes the first man since the fall of the Heavenly Kingdom Uprising (1851-1864) to climb atop the Pagoda of the Tiger Hill to draw the structure of its dilapidated top while leading a team of architecture students for cartographic survey practice in Suzhou. Participates in refurbishing the Dragon Luster Pagoda in Shanghai.
1956
代表作《苏州园林》问世，提出了“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南”的论断，抓住了苏州园林的本质特征——文人园林的诗情画意，总结归纳了中国园林造园手法，诸如借景、屏障、对景等。
The release of his landmark book Suzhou Gardens, written by incorporating his students' cartographic survey and research results in 1954-1956, in which he summarizes such Chinese garden-making techniques as view borrowing, view screening and opposite views, and asserts that the Jiangnan region boasts the best gardens in the world, but it is Suzhou that offers the best Jiangnan gardens that exude poetic allusions and picturesque appeals.
1957
参与指导上海豫园修复工程，发现豫园原配门额。《上海的豫园与内园》发表。
Participates in restoring a part of the Gratification Garden in Shanghai, and discovers the original lintel of the garden's front gate. Publishes "Gratification Garden, Inner Garden, Shanghai."
1958
《苏州旧住宅参考图录》出版。批判营造学社，梁思成说：“我反对拆北京城墙，他反对拆苏州城墙，应该同受到批判。”返沪后同济大学建筑系将其撤职。继续勘察无锡、扬州等地。《建筑中的“借景”问题》《村居与园林》《西湖园林风格漫谈》发表。
Publishes Pictorial References to Traditional Dwellings in Suzhou at a Beijing Academy of Architecture symposium. Liang Sicheng (1901-1972), who is being criticized at a Beijing meeting as the representative of the Society for the Study of Chinese Architecture, says, "I was opposed to dismantling Beijing's city walls, and Chen Congzhou, who is with us here, was opposed to tearing down Suzhou's city walls. Thus both of us ought to be criticized together." Removed, upon returning from Beijing to Shanghai, from his position as director of the teaching and research office of the Tongji University Department of Architecture. Undeterred, he goes on with his studies as usual, and extends his researches from Suzhou to Wuxi and Yangzhou. Publishes "View Borrowing in Garden Architecture," "Country Dwellings and Gardens" and "West Lake Gardens, Hangzhou."
1959
于北京旧香山饭店编写《中国建筑史》。
Compiles Chinese Architecture History in the former Fragrant Hill Hotel, Beijing.
1960
参与指导嘉定孔庙、松江佘山秀道者塔的修复、设计工作。赴浙江勘察古建筑，发现安澜园遗址。
Participates in restoring the Confucian Temple of Jiading, and the Taoist Xiu's Pagoda on the Sheshan Mountain of Songjiang. Discovers the former site of the Billow-Tranquilizing Garden on an inspection tour in Zhejiang province.
1962
勘查扬州园林，发现并考证了石涛唯一存世的叠石作品片石山房。《瘦西湖漫谈》《扬州片石山房》发表。
Identifies, during a survey of traditional Chinese gardens in Yangzhou, the Small-Rock Mountain Abode as the singular surviving rockwork left behind by the celebrated monk painter Shitao (1642-c. 1707). Publishes "Slender West Lake" and "Small-Rock Mountain Abode."
1963
获硕士导师资格。与梁思成同赴扬州，参与鉴真纪念堂的设计。《绍兴的沈园与春波桥》发表。
Appointed as a mentor for master's degree candidates. Assists Liang Sicheng in designing the Memorial Hall of Ganjin (688-763) for the Daming Temple, Yangzhou. Publishes "Shen's Garden, Vernal Waves Bridge, Shaoxing."
1965
受陆小曼临终嘱托，后将《志摩全集》排印样本送回徐家，陆的山水长卷转交浙江省博物馆。
Acting on Lu Xiaoman's (1903-1965) deathbed entrustment, transfers the proofs of the Collected Works of Xu Zhimo to the Xus' and one of her long scroll landscape paintings to the safety of the Zhejiang Provincial Museum.
1971
皖南干校劳动改造。其间依然对歙县民居、古建筑进行勘察、研究。
Sent to the university's May 7th Cadres' School in Shexian county, south Anhui, for "reeducation" through manual labor, which gives him opportunities to explore local traditional dwellings and architecture.
1972
梁思成去世，抱病徒步翻山越岭到县城发唁电。因胃出血结束干校生活，恢复同济大学教授职位。参与连云港海清寺塔修理工程。
Death of Liang Sicheng. Hikes, in spite of bad health, along a mountain footpath from the May 7th Cadre's School to a post office at the county seat and telegraphs a letter of condolence to the bereaved Liang family. Stricken with gastrorrhagia and released from the cadre's school because of it. Restored to professorship at Tongji University. Joins in restoring the pagoda of the Haiqing Temple in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province.
1973
勘察山东、江苏古建筑。为保存聊城明初光岳楼大木结构作出重要贡献。
Goes on fieldwork tours of Shandong and Jiangsu provinces, where he inspects quite a few ancient buildings. Plays a major part in saving the timber frame of the Tower That Illuminates Mount Tai of the early Ming in Liaocheng during a study tour of Shandong province.
1974
勘查安徽古建筑。
Inspects ancient architectural structures during a tour of Anhui province.
1975
赴湘西、长沙勘察古建筑。艰难困苦下著述《梓室余墨》四十余万字，详细记述了一生中的交往、研究、各地山川风光、民俗、民情、遗闻轶事。
Goes on ancient architecture surveys in Changsha and other parts of Hu'nan province. Finishes writing the Remnant Ink from Carpenter's Studio, a 400,000-word book of close to 500 sketches, travelogues, and random notes that elaborate in a humorous and anecdotal way on friendship, research work, and gardens, sceneries and folkways of the places he has visited through the years.
1976
《苏州网师园》发表。
Publishes "Master-of-Fishnets Garden, Suzhou."
1977
与贝聿铭先生在上海见面。
Meets the venerable Ieoh Ming Pei for the first time in Shanghai.
1978
《说园》发表，与其后四篇奠定了他20世纪园林之父的地位，前后出版英语、日语、德语、法语、意大利语译本。将网师园殿春簃模制，输出至美国纽约大都会博物馆，即明轩。贝聿铭雅嘱他写就长卷水墨丹青《名园青霄图卷》，复请国内文化耆宿、书法名家题咏，现存纽约贝氏园，成为一件极为珍贵的书画名品。
The first installment of his "On Gardens" is carried in the architecture edition of the Tongji University Journal, issue No. 2. This, together with the four other installments to be released and translated into English, Japanese, German, French and Italian in the next few years, is to establish him as father of traditional Chinese gardens in the 20th century. The Astor Court, a replica of the Late-Spring Peony Lodge of Suzhou's Master-of-Fishnets Garden, comes under construction in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. Completes the long scroll painting, A Famous Garden Under Blue Sky, at the request of Ieoh Ming Pei, who has had colophons inscribed on its margins and collects it in the Pei's Garden in New York.
1979
《苏州沧浪亭》《恭王府小记》发表。
Publishes "Dark Blue Waves Pavilion, Suzhou" and "Notes on Prince Gong's Mansion."
1980
倡导重建杭州雷峰塔。写信给山西平遥县政府，要求保护好平遥古城。到处演讲报告，所到之处极受领导、群众的欢迎和接待。
Submits a proposal for the reconstruction of the Lei's Peak Pagoda in Hangzhou. Writes to the government of Pingyao county, Shanxi province, with a demand for the conservation of the ancient city of Pingyao. Goes on lecturing tours across the country, to the delight of local officials and commoners alike.
1981
《园林美与昆曲美》发表。
Publishes "Gardens and Kunqu Opera: Beauty's Tour de Force."
1982
主持绍兴应天塔修复工作。《苏州园林》日语版出版。《园林与山水画》发表。
Presides over the design for the restoration of the Pagoda in Communion With Heaven in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. The release of the Japanese edition of his Suzhou Gardens in Tokyo, Japan. Publishes "Gardens and Landscape Painting."
1983
勘查苏州周庄古建筑。针对全国旅游热、修复名胜古迹热，提出口号：还我自然！绿化为文化服务。绿化在先，造园第二。创建绿文化等。针对一切向钱看的现象，宣称，“梓翁画图不要钱。”主持占鳌塔修复工作。指导修复豫园东部，营建天一阁东园。《扬州园林》出版。
Inspects the ancient village of Zhouzhuang to the southeast of Suzhou. Raises a series of slogans to address the nation's booming tourism and rush to restore famous scenic spots and historical sites: Bring nature back! Cater tourism to cultural edification! Afforestation first, garden-making second! Foster a green culture! Demurring at the widespread "money-first" mentality, he declares, "I won't ask for a penny from anyone who wants my paintings." Chairs a restoration plan for the Turtle Subduing Pagoda on an observational deck by the Qiantang River in Haining. Helps restore the eastern part of the Gratification Garden of Shanghai and construct the East Garden to the east of the Tianyige Library in Ningbo, Zhejiang province. The release of his book, Yangzhou Gardens, a crystallization of twenty years of hard work, by the Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers.
1985
受聘为美国贝聿铭建筑设计事务所顾问。
Appointed by Ieoh Ming Pei as a consultant for M. Pei & Partners, USA.
1986
《绍兴石桥》出版。5月27日蒋定去世，安葬于海盐南北湖。参加日本建筑学会百年纪念。
Publishes the book Stone Bridges of Shaoxing. Jiang Ding, his wife of more than forty years, passes away on May 27; her ashes are buried at the South-and-North Lakes in Haiyan, Zhejiang province. In autumn, attends a meeting in Tokyo to mark the centennial of the founding of the Japanese Architectural Institute.
1987
豫园东部竣工，成为上海招待国宾最佳处所之一。11月29日，独子陈丰在洛杉矶遇刺身亡。
Completion of the eastern part of the Gratification Garden, thereby turning it into the best place to be for foreign guests. On November 29, his son, Chen Feng, is murdered in a restaurant in Los Angeles.
1988
修复豫园东部古戏台，增建看廊。忍受着丧妻失子之痛，通过媒体和政府部门奔走呼号，阻止当地人滥采山石、大肆捕鸟，成功拯救南北湖风光。《上海近代建筑史稿》出版。
Has an old Kunqu Opera stage restored in the eastern part of the Gratification Garden, and attaches an audience hall to it. To save the picture-perfect scenic South-and-North Lakes from the perils of wonton quarrying and bird killing, he overcomes personal agony over the deaths in his family and single-handedly stems the abuse through local media and by lobbying with local government departments. Publishes A Manuscript of Modern Architecture History of Shanghai.
1989
天一阁东园落成。获日本园林学会海外名誉会员称号。筹划重建水绘园。常年辛劳兼亲人逝世，严重损害健康。驱车八小时赴苏北考察，中风，送上海医院救治。
Completion of the East Garden to the east of the Tianyige Library. Becomes an honorary member of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture. Plans the reconstruction of the Water-Rimmed Garden in Rugao, Jiangsu province. Long years of hard work, coupled with the deaths of dear ones, takes a heavy toll upon the professor's health. In the wake of an eight-hour drive to north Jiangsu for an inspection visit, he suffers a stroke, is rushed in time to hospital in Shanghai, and cured.
1990
商务印书馆（香港）有限公司出版《中国名园》，全书用诗词一般的语言描述了各地园林之精华。
The Commercial Press (Hong Kong) publishes his book (Chinese version), Famous Chinese Gardens, in which he is at his narrative and poetic best as he describes some of the best gardens in the country.
1991
看到《中国环境报》2月26日有关南北湖遭受新一轮炸山捕鸟的报道，上书江泽民主席，“敬恳泽公开恩，救救南北湖！”再次成功拯救景区。设计营造的昆明楠园竣工，自评道，“纽约的明轩，是有所新意的模仿；豫园东部是有所寓新的续笔，而安宁的楠园，则是平地起家，独自设计的，是我国园林理论的具体体现。”《书边人语》由商务印书馆（香港）有限公司出版。《同里退思园》发表。
Upon reading in the newspaper China Environment News on February 26 that the South-and-North Lakes are suffering another bout of detonations of mountains and killing of birds, he stops it once again, this time by writing directly to President Jiang Zemin, "Show mercy, Your Most Beneficent Excellency, and do something to save the South-and-North Lakes!" In autumn, the Phoebe Nanmu Garden he has built in Anning, Yunnan province, is completed. An emotional Chen comments, "The Astor Court I built in New York is a replica with a new conception, the eastern section of the Gratification Garden I restored is a sequel to the original with another creative idea of mine, whereas the Phoebe Nanmu Garden I built from scratch is an epitome of my garden-making theory." In winter, his A Man's Utterings by the Side of Books is released by the Commercial Press, Hong Kong. Publishes "Retreat and Reflection Garden, Tongli."
1992
为保护徐光启九间楼过于激动，引发脑出血兼胃出血。七日七夜不吃不喝，瑞金医院（发了两次病危通知）努力保住了生命。余生卧病不起。
Comes down with cerebral haemorrage complicated by gastrorrhagia in Shanghai, while arguing vehemently during a meeting to protect the Nine-Bay Storied Building, the former residence of Xu Guangqi (1562-1633), a celebrated official and scientist of the Ming. Spends seven days and seven nights in bed without eating, with two critical condition notices issued, before Ruijin Hospital doctors manage to save his life. Stays bed-ridden for the rest of his years.
1994
收官之作如皋水绘园重建竣工。
Reconstruction of the Water-Rimmed Garden, Rugao, Zhejiang province, completed.
1995
复发得救，思维依然敏捷。
Cured of a recurrence, and remains nimble minded.
1998
南北湖提议在当地建立陈从周纪念馆。
Local authorities of the South-and-North Lakes submit a proposal to build a memorial hall dedicated to Chen Congzhou.
1999
9月7日，贝聿铭专程从美国来沪到梓室探望。执手相看，久久不忍离去。
September 7, the 83-year-old Ieoh Ming Pei arrives in Shanghai from the United States, knocks at the door of Chen Congzhou's home at dusk, and, upon entering the room, sits hand in hand with his bed-ridden friend for what seems an eternity, before letting go of his wrist and rising to bid him good-bye.
2000
3月15日3时23分53秒，于住处逝世，享年82岁。
3:23 am, March 15, at home, breathes his last at age 82.
2001
陈从周艺术馆落成，亦名“梓园”，隐于南北湖畔的院落里，风景如画。5月7日，骨灰从上海运抵此处。
The Memorial Art Gallery of Chen Congzhou is completed. Also known as "An Elderly Carpenter's Garden," the building is nestled in a lush bamboo grove inside of a courtyard by the paradise-like South-and-North Lakes. On May 7, the urn containing the late professor's ashes is flown from Shanghai and entombed at the foot of his statue at the western flank of the garden.