2016职称英语等级考试全真模拟试卷一
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子均有1个词或短语划线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.We succeed in building the power station in a deep valley as we had expected.
A.come off B.go off C.take off D.make off
2.It is a pity that he finally turned down my suggestions on this issue.
A.regained B.regarded C.reflected D.refused
3.Those countries were once worried that they would not have adequate supplies of petroleum.
A.effective B.efficient C.potential D.sufficient
4.He has a very good personality and makes a lot of friends.
A.capacity B.character C.reality D.attitude
5.The construction of the railway is said to have been terminated.
A.resumed B.put an end to C.suspended D.rescheduled
6.The new style of shoes appeals to those students.
A.arises B.absorbs C.attracts D.accepts
7.It remains a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.
A.problem B.mystery C.question D.point
8.Before you decide on a vocation， it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends.
A.career B.holiday C.plan D.research
9.There are various ways to solve the problem.
A.same B.many C.helpful D.different
10.The house was seriously destroyed.
A.slightly B.heavily C.obviously D.sadly
11.The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A.puzzling B.difficult C.terrifying D.urgent
12.I visited this famous writer now and then.
A.always B.occasionally C.constantly D.regularly
13.It seems inevitable for people to make such a mistake.
A.strange B.certain C.inconsistent D.proper
14.You should take many factors into consideration when going for an interview.
A.thought B.mind C.account D.memory
15.Even in a highly modernized country， manual work is still needed.
A.expressive B.physical C.exaggerated D.mental
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
G8 Summit
Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations （G8） will meet in Scotland in July this year.Representatives from China， India， Mexico， South Africa and Brazil have also been invited.Here’s what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world’s poorest countries.He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010.He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports.This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests.On climate change， Blair wants concerted（共同的）action by reducing carbon emissions（排放）.
US President George W.Bush agrees to give help to Africa.But he says he doesn’t like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption.Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit， according to media.The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）.Although the US is the world’s biggest polluter， Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.
French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.
German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair’s Africa proposals.Schroder’s officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa’s problems as “old thinking”.Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove they’ve solved the corruption problem.
Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa.But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage.Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard（跳板）next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia， Uzbekistan， Tajikistan and Moldova.
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi’s priorities are a seat on the UN Security Council， for which he will be lobbying（游说）at the summit.And he’s concerned about the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s nuclear weapons programme.
16.The G8 countries include China， India， Mexico， South Africa and Brazil.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.Blair hopes that the G8 countries will work together to reduce carbon emissions.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.Chirac takes a stand similar to Blair’s on Africa and climate change.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.According to media， Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.Japan will reject Blair’s proposal to increase aid to Africa.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段的每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Global Warming
（1）Smoke is clouding our view of global warming， protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse（温室）effect.That might sound like good news， but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades， we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses.
（2）This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem，Berlin， where top atmospheric scientists got together， including Nobel prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin， former chairman of the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC）.
（3）IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols（浮质）of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest， crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide（二氧化物）emissions.Until now， they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter， cutting increases by 0.2℃.So the 0.6℃ of warming over the past century would have been 0.8℃ without aerosols.
（4）But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher — aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three-quarters， cutting increases by 1.8℃.If SO， the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now.But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed.
（5）As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall， that means “dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change”， the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.
23～26概括大意
23.Paragraph 2____
24.Paragraph 3____
25.Paragraph 4____
26.Paragraph 5____
A.Atmospheric scientists
B.The calculations made at the berlin workshop
C.The previous calculations of the effect of aerosols
D.The scientists’ agreement
E.The authoritative conclusion
F.Greenhouse gases
27～30完成句子
27.When the cover diminishes in the coming decades， temperature____.
28.The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop____.
29.The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure____.
30.The increase of greenhouse gases____.
A.will influence future climate change
B.was somewhat surprising
C.will rise rapidly
D.was known to us all
E.was much higher than had been expected
F.will drop dramatically
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
American Society
When foreigners are sometimes asked what seems most strange about American society， somewhere on the top of the list will be the fact the average citizen is allowed to possess guns.
Although it is true that many people carry guns legally in the United States， it is also known that many who possess guns carry illegally.Others， who don’t have guns， feel that guns can be acquired quite easily.A recent survey indicated that many high school students， especially in the inner cities， can acquire gun with little difficulty.
Although most people would never want to own a gun， others have taken up hunting as a sport and enjoy hunting wild game in season.Hunting for deer and duck in fall and winter is very much a part of the American culture.
Also， some farmers in rural areas who raise cattle and sheep feel they need to protect their animals against wolves that attack their herds and flocks at night.To defend and support their rights to possess firearms the National Rifle Association （NRA） was founded in 1871.The main importance of this organization has been its efforts to prevent strict gun control legislation.The NRA has great political support in small towns and rural areas， especially in the West and the South， where hunting is especially popular.Those who favor the right to possess guns insist that the Constitution provides the right of people “to keep and bear arms”.They believe that gun control laws will not solve the problem of crime and violence in America.
Recent events in America， however， have shown that the question of gun possession is now out of control and strong voices have called for immediate action to be taken.In seemingly peaceful schools students have gone into classrooms and opened fire upon their classmates.America has been shocked by such incidents which seem to occur with greater frequency.The periodic deaths of innocent citizens and even foreign visitors from guns have forced legislators to pass laws to stop these senseless killings.
The day may not be far off when America will be transformed from a gun culture to one which controls their use and possession.
31.What is most unusual about American society？
A.Many Americans acquire guns illegally.
B.Ordinary people can possess guns legally.
C.The average citizen does not try to possess guns.
D.Many school children carry guns legally.
32.Some Americans defend their possession of guns by arguing that
A.deer and duck reproduce too quickly in the country.
B.herds and flocks bother farmer at night.
C.hunting is part of the American way of life.
D.wolves threaten people’s lives in rural areas.
33.The National Rifle Association was established to
A.help strengthen gun control laws.
B.unite people who possess guns.
C.defend Americans’right to possess guns.
D.solve the problem of crime and violence.
34.Gun possession has become a hot issue in the US because it is
A.gathering political support. B.becoming increasingly restricted.
C.threatening endangered species. D.causing serious problems.
35.The author’s attitude towards the US gun culture is
A.positive. B.negative. C.indifferent. D.neutral.
第二篇
Living Standards Around the World
The differences in living standards around the world are vast.In 1993， the average American had an income of about $25，000.In the same year， the average Mexican earned $7，000， and the average Nigerian earned $l，500.Not surprisingly， this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life.Changes in living standards over time are also large.In the United States， incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year （after adjusting for changes in the cost of living）.At this rate， average income doubles every 35 years.In some countries， economic growth has been even more rapid.In Japan， for instance， average income has doubled in the past 20 years， and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years.
What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time？ The answer is surprisingly simple.Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries’ productivity — that is， the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker’s time.In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time， most people enjoy a high standard of living； in nations where workers are less productive， most people must endure a more meager existence.Similarly， the growth rate of a nation’s productivity determines the growth rate of its average income.
The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple， but its implications are far-reaching.If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards， other explanations must be of secondary importance.For example， people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century.Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity.
The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public policy.When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards， the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services.To improve living standards， policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated， have the tools needed to produce goods and services， and have access to the best available technology.
36. Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history？
A.Mexico. B.The United States. C.Japan. D.South Korea.
37. The word “meager” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to
A.modest. B.poor. C.meaningless. D.plentiful.
38. What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people？
A.Labor unions. B.Minimum-wage laws.
C.Rising productivity. D.Favorable public policy.
39.The study of the relationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that.
A.it calls policymakers’ attention to a qualified work force
B.it encourages workers to get better education
C.it helps improve the workers’ ability to produce goods and services
D.it enables policymakers to access the latest technology
40. The passage mainlydiscusses____.
A.the differences in average income among countries
B.the relationship between productivity and living standards
C.the causes of the rise in living standards
D.the importance of raising productivity
第三篇
Earthquake
Earthquake may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man： since records began to be written down， it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the million， and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation.The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides， floods， fire， disease， tsunamis （gigantic sea waves）， and other observable events resulting from earthquake， rather than from the quakes themselves.
The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas.One such area covers the Pacific Ocean and its bordering landmasses.The other extends from the East Indians to the Atlas Mountains， including the Himalayas， Iran， Turkey， and the Alpine regions.It is in there two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place； they say， however， happen anywhere at any time.
This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes， but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake forecast may be possible.By analyzing changes in animal behavior， patterns of movements in the earth’s shell， variations in the earth’s force of attraction， and the frequency with which minor earth shakes are observed， scientists have shown increasing success in expecting when and where earthquakes will strike.As a result， a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for （and thus lessen） the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.
It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their destructiveness altogether， but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood， man will become more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.
41. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
A.Earthquake destruction is declining.
B.Earthquake forecast is improving.
C.Man is no longer fearful of earthquakes.
D.Man is capable of conquering earthquakes.
42. We can infer from the passage that quakes
A.may happen anywhere at any time.
B.mostly strike in oceans and mountains.
C.are unobservable in masses of land.
D.are hardly the direct cause of fatalities.
43. The phrase “this element of the unknown” （Paragraph 3） refers to____.
A.the extension of earthquake zones
B.the percentage of earthquake occurrences
C.when and where earthquakes may occur
D.what big damage earthquakes may cause
44. Man’s research on earthquake forecast at present is to____.
A.reduce the loss from earthquake disasters
B.lower the frequency of earthquakes
C.release the energy that causes earthquakes
D.analyze the relationship between different earthquakes
45. Which of the following describes the author’s purpose in writing the passage？
A.Inform the reader. B.Entertain the reader.
C.Disprove a concept. D.Question a concept.
第5部分：补全短文（第 46～50 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有处空白，文章后面有 6 组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5 组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
A Heroic Woman
The whole of the United States cheered its latest hero， Ashley Smith， with the Federal Bureau of Investigation saying it was planning to give a big reward to her for having a brave heart and wise mind.
____（46） She was moving into her apartment in Atlanta， Georgia early on the morning of March 12， when a man followed her to her door and put a gun to her side.“I started walking to my door， and I felt really， really afraid， ”she said in a TV interview last week.The man was Brian Nichols， 33.He was suspected of killing three people at an Atlanta courthouse（法院）on March 11 and later of killing a federal agent.____（47）
Nichols tied Smith up with tape， but released her after she repeatedly begged him not to take her life.“I told him if he hurt me， my little girl wouldn’t have a mummy， ”she said.In order to calm the man down， she read to him from “The Purpose-Driven Life”， a best-selling religious book.He asked her to repeat a paragraphabout “what you thought your purpose in life waswhat talents were you given”.____（48）
“I basically just talked to him and tried to gain his trust， ”Smith said.
Smith said she asked Nichols why he chose her.“He said he thought I was an angel sent from God， and we were Christian sister and brother， ”she said.“And that he was lost， and that God led him to me to tell him that he had hurt a lot of people.”____（49） She said Nichols was surprised when she made him breakfast and that the two of them watched television coverage（报道）of the police hunt for him.“I cannot believe that’s me， ”Nichols told the woman.Then， Nichols asked Smith what she thought he should do.She said， “I think you should turn yourself in.If you don’t， lots more people are going to get hurt.”
Eventually， he let her go.____（50） A US $60，000 reward had been posted for Nichols’ capture.Authorities said they did not yet know if Smith would be eligible（有资格的）for that money.
A.The local police were searching for him.
B.Smith is a 26-year-old single mother with a daughter.
C.Smith tried very hard to kill Nichols.
D.She even cooked breakfast for the man before he allowed her to leave.
E.And the two of them discussed this topic.
F.Then she called the police.
第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Migrant（移民的）Workers
In the past twenty years， there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.While some countries have restricted most____（51） to local people， others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East，____（52） increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities.Thus the Middle East has attracted oilworkers____（53） the U.S.A.and Europe.It has brought in workers from many countries，____（54） South Korea and Japan.
In view of the difficult living and working____（55） in the Middle East， it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can____（56） at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country， and this is a major____（57）
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating（补偿的）advantage.For example， the____（58） living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to____（59） on each other for safety and comfort.In a similar way， many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the____（60） of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely____（61） greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country.
One major problem which____（62） migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on____（63） ， so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be____（64） since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents.In any____（65）， migrant workers accept this disadvantage， along with others， because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
51.A.cases B.jobs C.activities D.uses
52.A.which B.what C.who D.where
53.A.from B.with C.in D.of
54.A.opposing B.limiting C.including D.asking
55.A.parts B.conditions C.methods D.clothes
56.A.earn B.borrow C.change D.cost
57.A.role B.difficulty C.event D.attraction
58.A.necessary B.normal C.difficult D.good
59.A.depend B.look C.base D.go
60.A.range B.lack C.lot D.number
61.A.presents B.accepts C.takes D.meets
62.A.invites B.affects C.needs D.reflects
63.A.investment B.strike C.contract D.duty
64.A.suggested B.reported C.indicated D.expected
65.A.time B.attempt C.way D.case