2016职称英语等级考试全真模拟试卷二
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.
A.place B.medium C.resort D.tunnel
2.The growth of part-time and flexible working pattern allows more women to take advantage of job opportunities.
A.make use of B.catch up with C.cast light on D.get rid of
3.Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.
A.impressed B.amused C.attracted D.puzzled
4.Senator James Meeks has called off a boycott of Chicago Public Schools， organized to protest Illinois’ education funding system.
A.reclaimed B.proposed C.indulged D.canceled
5.In spite of a problem with the faulty equipment， some very useful work was accomplished.
A.imperfect B.temporary C.emergent D.reinstalled
6.Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to combat global warming.
A.focus on B.settle down C.fight against D.sum up
7.Silk， although it is considered a delicate fabric， is in fact very strong， but it is adversely affected by sunlight.
A.soft B.sheer C.fragile D.refined
8.There are some things in the class the teachers will not put up with.
A.tolerate B.contribute C.resist D.prohibit
9.Without question， people’s lives in China have improved dramatically in the past two decades.
A.Out of the question B.No doubt C.Naturally D.Obviously
10.When a man knows that he will be put into prison if he uses a potentially deadly object to do harm to another person， he will think twice about it.
A.passive B.lifelong C.unhappy D.fatal
11.Why can’t you stop your eternal complaining？
A.everlasting B.long C.temporary D.boring
12.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.
A.shaken B.damaged C.fallen D.jumped
13.These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.
A.faithful B.royal C.genuine D.sincere
14.Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.
A.attraction B.simplicity C.power D.rigor
15. Ten years after the event， her death still remains a puzzle.
A.mist B.fog C.mystery D.secret
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well
How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well？ When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language， we often find this interesting fact.A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language.A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers， in most case， may end up with a faulty and inexact command.What accounts for this difference？
Despite other explanations， the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself， partly in the behavior of the people around him.In the first place， the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all， namely， the first years of life.A child hears it spoken from morning till night and， what is more important， always in its genuine form， with the right pronunciation， right intonation， right use of words and right structure.He drinks in all the words and expressions， which come to him in a flash， ever-bubbling spring.There is no resistance： there is perfect assimilation.
Then the child has， as it were， private lessons all the year round， while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours， which he generally shares with others.The child has another advantage： he hears the language in all possible situations， always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions.Here there is nothing unnatural， such as is often found in language lessons in schools， when one talks about ice and snow in Juneorscorching heat in January.And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him.Again and again， when his attempts at speech are successful， his desires are understood and fulfilled.
Finally， though a child’s “teachers” may not have been trained in language teaching， their relations with him are always close and personal.They take great pains to make their lessons easy.
16.Compared with adults learning a foreign language， children learn their native language with ease.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.Adults’ knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children’s success of learning their mother tongue.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21. Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22. So far as language teaching is concerned， the teacher’s close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
The Making of a Success Story
（1）IKEA is the world’s largest furniture retailer， and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad， one of the world’s most successful entrepreneurs.Born in Sweden in 1926， Kamprad was a natural business man.As a child， he enjoyed selling things and made small profs from selling matches， seeds and pencils in his community.When Kamprad was 17， his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades.Naturally he used it to start up a business — IKEA.
（2）IKEA’s name comes from Kamprads’initials （I.K.） and the place where he grew up （E and A）.Today IKEA is known for its modern， minimalist furniture， but it was not a furniture company in the beginning.Rather， IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods.Kamprad’s wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices， including watches， pens and stockings.
（3）IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947.the furniture was all designed and made by manufactures near Kamprad’s home.Initial sales were very encouraging， so Kamprad expanded the product line.Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.
（4）In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult， Sweden.IKEA is known today for its spacious stress with furniture in attractive settings， but in the early 1950s， people ordered from catalogues.Thus， response to the first showroom was overwhelming： people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it.This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive.By 1955， IKEA was designing all its own furniture.
（5）In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport.Kamprad was inspired.The man had given him a great idea： flat packaging.Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers.IKEA tried it and sales soared.The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves， but over time， even this grew into an advantage for IKEA.Nowadays， IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency.This image has done wonders for the company， leading to better sales and continued expansion.
（6）Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries.Amazingly， Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company.In 2004 he was named the world’s richest man.He currently lives in Switzerland and is retired from the day-today operations of IKEA.IKEA itself， though， just keeps on growing.
23～26 概括大意
23.Paragraph 2____
24.Paragraph 3____
25.Paragraph 4____
26.Paragraph 5____
A.Ingvar Kamprad — a born businessman
B.Success brought by the introduction of showrooms
C.The origin of ikea
D.Specialization in selling furniture
E.Flat packaging — a feature of ikea
F.World-wide expansion of IKEA
27～30完成句子
27.Even when he was only a child，____.
28.____， and years later became a big company specialized in manufacturing and selling of furniture.
29.Customers liked the idea of IKEA’s showrooms because____.
30.As flat packaging saves money for both IKEA and the customers，.
A.iKEA began as a small store selling all kinds of cheap things
B.it is highly welcomed by both
C.ingvar Kamprad showed interest in and talent for doing business
D.he lives happily in retirement
E.here they can see and try the furniture they are going to buy
F.ingvar successfully manages the company all by himself
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
The Issue of Package
Maybe everyone has such an experience that you have to unwrap several layers of packaging when you enjoy a piece of candy.But this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries.It is becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper， who usually throws it away immediately.Sowhy is it done？ Some of it， like the cellophane on meat， is necessary， but most of the rest is simply competitive selling.This is absurd.Packaging is using up scarce energy and resources and messing up the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies， washed out， and refilled.But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic.More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.
The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot.Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops， a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and reuse of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers as opposed to producing new ones.Unnecessary packaging， intended to be used just once， and make things look better so more people will buy them， is clearly becoming increasingly absurd.But it is not so much a question of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly.What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is， after all， a relatively unimportant function.
31.“This overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries.” （Line 2， Paragraph 1） means____.
A.more wrapping is needed for ordinary products
B.more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products
C.too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products
D.the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary
32.Packaging is important to manufacturers because____.
A.it is easy to use it again
B.shoppers are interested in beautiful packaging
C.they want to attract more shoppers
D.packaged things will not go rotten
33.According to the passage， dairies are____.
A.experimenting with the use of paper bottles
B.giving up the use of glass bottles
C.increasing the use of plastic bottles
D.re-using their paper containers
34.Some environmentalists think that____.
A.plastic packaging should be made more convenient
B.no alternative can be found to plastic packaging
C.too much plastic is wasted
D.shops should stop using plastic containers
35.The author thinks that____.
A.packing is actually useless and could be ignored
B.people will soon stop using packaging altogether
C.enough research has been done into recycling
D.it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones
第二篇
Electric Backpack
Backpacks are convenient.They can hold your books， your lunch， and a change of clothes leaving your hands free to do other things.Someday， if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load， your backpacks might also power your MP3 player， keep your cell phone running， and maybe even light your way home.
Lawrence C.Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole， Mass.have invented a backpack thatmakes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks.In military actions search-and-rescue operations and scientific field studies， people rely increasingly on cellphones global positioning system （GPS） receivers， night-vision goggles， and other battery powered devices to get around and do their work.The backpack’s electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer’s load now devoted to spare batteries， report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept.9 science.
The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame.The frame sits against the wearer’s back， and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks.A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator， producing up to 7.4 watts.
Unexpectedly， tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack’s oscillations， so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks.Because of that surprising advantage， Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.
The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers， scientists， mountaineers， and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks.For the rest of us， power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk， play video games， watch TV， and listen to music， all at the same time.Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet， but if you do get one eventually just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street！
36.Backpacks are convenient because____.
A.they can be verylarge
B.they can hold as many things as you want to carry
C.your handsare freed to do other things
D.you do not have to carry things withyou
37.What is the most important feature of the backpack invented byLawrence C.Romeand his colleagues？
A.It produces electricity forelectronic devices while the wearer walks.
B.It can be used as cellphones， GPS in the military actions or field studies.
C.It is small andconvenient.
D.It is light and easy to carry.
38.The word “springs” in Paragraph 3 means____.
A.a small stream of water flowing naturally from theearth
B.the season of the year， occurring between winter and summer
C.the act or an instance of jumping or leaping
D.a length of metal woundaround， which returns to its original shape afterbeing pushed
39.According to Paragraph 4， what does Rome plan to do？
A.To make the backpackmore comfortable for the wearer.
B.To put the backpack on the market.
C.To test the advantage of the backpack.
D.To promote the backpack in anewspaper or on television.
40.What is implied in “if you do get oneeventually， just make sure to look bothways before
crossing the street！”？
A.You will be too excited to watch the traffic.
B.Enjoyingelectronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.
C.It is notpossible for you to get such a backpack.
D.It is wise of you to have such abackpack.
第三篇
Invisibility Ring
Scientists can’t yet make an invisibility cloak like the one that Harry Potter uses.But， for the first time， they’ve constructed a simple cloaking device that makes itself and something placed inside it invisible to microwaves.
When a person “sees” an object， his or her eye senses many different waves of visible light as they bounce off the object.The eye and brain then work together to organize the sensations and reconstruct the object’s original shape.So， to make an object invisible， scientists have to keep waves from bouncing off it.And they have to make sure the object casts no shadow.Otherwise， the absence of reflected light on one side would give the object away.
Invisibility isn’t possible yet with waves of light that the human eye can see.But it is now possible with microwaves.Like visible light， microwaves are a form of radiant energy.They are part of the electromagnetic spectrum， which also includes radio waves， infrared light， ultravioletrays， X rays， and gamma rays.The wave lengths of microwaves are shorter than those of radio waves but longer than those of visible light.
The scientists’ new “invisibility device” is the size of a drink coaster and shaped likearing.The ring is made of a special material with unusual ability.When microwaves strike thering， very few bounce off it.Instead， they pass through the ring， which bends the waves all the way around until they reach the opposite side.The waves then return to their original paths.
To a detector set up to receive microwaves on the other side of the ring， it looks as if the waves never changed their paths as if there were no object in the way！ So， the ring is effectively invisible.
When the researchers put a small copper loop inside the ring， it， too， is nearly invisible.However， the cloaking device and anything inside it do cast a pale shadow.And the device works only for microwaves， not for visible light or any kind of electromagnetic radiation.So， Harry Potter’s invisibility cloak doesn’t have any real competition yet.
41.Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage， because scientists____.
A.can now make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses
B.try to make an invisible cloak of the same kind as he uses
C.try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses
D.know that it is possible to make an invisible cloak of the same kind
42.What is true of microwaves？
A.Their wavelengths are shorter than those of visible light.
B.Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.
C.They are different from visible light as they are a kind of radiant energy.
D.They are visible to the human eye.
43.What is NOT true of the invisibility device？
A.It is made of a special material with unusual ability.
B.Microwaves bounce off it when they strike it.
C.Microwaves pass through it when they strike it.
D.It bends the microwaves all the way around until they reach the opposite side.
44.What does the word “coaster” mean in the passage？
A.A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.
B.A vessel engaged in coastal trade.
C.A roller coaster.
D.A resident of a coastal area.
45.Harry Potter’s invisibility cloak doesn’t have any real competition yet， because____.
A.scientists have not found out how his cloak works
B.the cloaking device is a total failure
C.the cloaking device works only for microwaves
D.the cloaking device works only for visible light
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5句取自短文，请按照短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
American Dreams
There is a common response to America among foreign writers： the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst.This is a cliche（陈词滥调）.
In the land of black and white， people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.____（46） No class system or government stands in the way.
Sadly， this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.
The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.____（47）
Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 percent.For the top 1 per cent， however， it has gone up 200 percent.Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth.____（48）
Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California， incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 percent since 1969.____（49） This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 percent of the population， it is the highest percentage in the developed world.
Yet the tax burden on America’s rich is falling， not growing.____（50） There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.
A.Nobody is poor in the US.
B.The top 0.01 percent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.
C.For upper class families they have risen 41 percent.
D.Now it is 9.8 times.
E.As it does so， the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.
F.All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The First Bicycle
The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years.In 1791， Count de Sivrac____（51） onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention， a machine called the celeriferé.It was basically an____（52） version of a children’s toy which had been in____（53） for many years.Sivrac’s “celeriferé” had a wooden frame， made in the____（54） of a horse， which was mounted on a wheel at either end.To ride it， you sat on a small seat， just like a modern bicycle， and pushed____（55） against the____（56） with your legs — there were no pedals.It was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no brakes， but despite these problems the invention very much____（57） to the fashionable young men of Paris.Soon they were____（58） races up and down the streets.
Minor____（59） were common as riders attempted a final burst of____（60）.Controlling the machine was difficult， as the only way to change____（61） was to pull up the front of the “celeriferé” and____（62） it round while the front wheel was____（63） in the air.“Celeriferés” were not popular for long， however， as the____（64） of no springs， no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable.Even so， the wooden celeriferé was the____（65） of the modern bicycle.
51.A.delighted B.cheered C.appreciated D.overjoyed
52.A.increased B.enormous C.extended D.enlarged
53.A.use B.play C.operation D.service
54.A.resemblance B.shape C.body D.appearance
55.A.fast B.deeply C.heavily D.hard
56.A.surface B.ground C.earth D.floor
57.A.attracted B.appealed C.took D.called
58.A.going B.getting C.holding D.making
59.A.wounds B.trips C.injuries D.breaks
60.A.velocity B.energy C.pace D.speed
61.A.direction B.route C.heading D.way
62.A.roll B.drive C.turn D.revolve
63.A.cycling B.circling C.winding D.spinning
64.A.mixture B.link C.combination D.union
65.A.origin B.design C.model D.introduction