2016职称英语等级考试全真模拟试卷五
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接
近的选项。
1. Students have different keysto this questions.
A.reasons B.excuses C.answers D.replies
2. The number of books in this library has been increasing considerably in the past two years
A.vastly B.narrowly C.stably D.slowly
3. Many economists pointed out the fatal error for this crisis.
A.crucial B.puzzling C.attractive D.exciting
4.With immense efforts， I quitted smoking finally.
A.much B.1ittle C.scarce D.enormous
5. The company has put in a lot of money to remedy the situation
A.maintain B.improve C.provide D.protect
6. John is cooperateing with Mary in writing an article
A.working for B.working out C.working in D.working with
7. He will abandon his early decision and make a new one
A.strengthen B.win C.quit D.unite
8. The president promised that the government would take measures to deal with the problem.
A.search B.explore C.invest D.handle
9. You can try this pressure relief plan by changes in diet and habits..
A.removal B.cure C.treatment D.reduction
10.The conclusion can be deduced from these data
A.research B.result C.cause D.process
11. The food is sufficient for three people.
A.scarce B.short C.various D.adequate
12. He saw her vanish into the darkness.
A.die B.appear C.disappear D.remove
13.But ultimately he accepted this fact.
A.undoubtedly B.certainly C.finally D.necessarily
14. The situation is so complicated that they haven’t find better solution.
A.strange B.complex C.difficult D.unusual
15.Traditionally， they put on special clothes on new year’s day.
A.normally B.usually C.conventionally D.publicly
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
The Biology of Music
Humans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music， and how does it work its magic？ Science does not yet have all theanswers.
What are two things that make humans different from animals？ One is language， and the other is music.It is true that some animals can sing （ and many birds sing.better than a lot of people）.However，the songs of animals， such as birds and whales， are very limited.It is also true that humans， not animals ，have developed musical instruments.
Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However， people can use music to communicate things—especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song， it is a very powerful form of communication.But， biologically speaking， what is music？
If music is truly different from speech， then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.
Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However， they don’t automatically lose their musical abilities.For example， Vissarion Shebalin， a Russiancomposer， had a stroke in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could， however， still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand， sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability， but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.
By studying the physical effects of music on the body， scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us？ That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller， a researcher at University College， London， thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent， practice， and physical ability.That’s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone’s.mate.For example， singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes.And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally ，when a man sings to the woman he loves （or vice versa）， it may be a way of showing off.
However， Miller’s theory still doesn’t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists， this is clearly an area that needs further research.
16.Humans，but not animals， can sing.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.People can use music to communicate their emotions.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.We use the same part of the brain for music and language.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.Geoffery Miler has done research on music and emotions.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.It’s hard for humans to compose music.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.Memory is not an important part in singing in tune.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.Scientists does not know all the answers about the effects of music on humans.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Screen Test
（1）Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer.If this happens early eough， the disease can often be treated successfully.According to a survey published last year， 21 countries have screening programmes.Nine of them， including Australia， Canada， the US and Spain， screen women under 50.
（2）But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial， partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer.Also， younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.
（3）Researchers at the Polytechnic University1 of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160，000 women at 11 local clinics.After estimating the women’s increasing dose of radiation， they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.
（4）The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board （NRPB） predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100，000 women， 18 of them fatal.The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led， to a lower figure of 20 cancers.
（5）The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated.The Valencia programme， they say， detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100，000 women screened.
（6）But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45， because they would be exposed to less radiation.The results of their study， they suggest， could help “optimise（完善）the technique” for breast cancer screening.
（7）“There is a trade-off（平衡）between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks.” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB.But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution.“On the basis of the current data， for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life.That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”
23.Paragraph 2____
24.Paragraph 3____
25.Paragraph 4____
26.Paragraph 5____
A.Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman
B.Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation Models
C.Investigating the Effect of Screening
D.Effects Predicted by Two Different
E.Treatment of Cancers
F.Factors That Trigger Cancers
27.Early discovery of breast cancer may____.
28.Advantages of screening women under 50 are____.
29.Delaying the age at which screening starts may____.
30.Radiation exposure should be____.
A.be costly
B.harmful
C.save a life
D.still open to debate
E.reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer
F.reduced to the minimum
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Native American Pottery
There are several American Indian groups in the Southwest that still make beautiful pottery.Some of this pottery may be sold at fairly high prices.But the makers consider their work as more than a commercial enterprise.By using methods handed downfor generations， the potters express their pride in their cultural inheritance（遗产）.
Some of the most interesting pottery is made by the Pueblo Indians.There are 21 individual pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico.Several are famous for their craftsmanship.To make a pot，these potters use a clay base and add long thin coils of clay toit in a spiral pattern.When they have reached the size they want， they use an implement such as a rock or shell to smooth the surfaces of the pot.
How a pot is decorated and fired depends on the traditions of the group making it.Traditional pottery produced by the Acoma， who have lived for centuries on a high mesa in NewMexico， is first painted with a clay slip.The resulting pots： which are prizedfor their delicacy and strength， may be left white.They may also be painted with black and white patterns or with a combination of black， orange， and brown.
Very distinctive（特别的，有特色的）black pottery comes from the Sail Ildefonso and Santa Clara pueblos.The black color is the result of carbon being released from the animal manure（粪肥）in which the pot is fired.Some artisans hand rub this ware to a shiny gloss.Others cut patterns into it： resulting in a part shiny： part fiat surface.Potters at Sail Ildefonso make many types of wares.Potters at Santa Clara are especially known for wedding jars-jars with two necks connected by a handle.
Other groups such as the Hopi and the Cochiti also make pottery.Each group uses distinctive methods and produces distinctive forms and designs.
31.In the first paragraph the word “commercial” means____.
A.advertising products on TV B.selling and business
C.large- scale D.artistic
32.The second paragraph in the passage is developed mainly through____.
A.steps in a process B.description of objects
C.the telling of a story D.examples
33.The San Ildefonso pueblo is known for____.
A.black pottery B.wedding jars
C.thin and delicate shapes D.black， brown， and orange pots
34.Traditional methods of making pottery____.
A.are rarely used anymore B.take a lot of time
C.are not of interest to pottery collectors D.will soon be complete replaced
35.Another good title for this passage would be____.
A.How to Make a Pot B.Living on a High Mesa
C.The Indians of Arizona and New Mexico D.An Old Art Still Practiced
第二篇
Real World Robots
When you think of a robot， do you envision a shiny， metallic device having the same general shape as a human being， performing humanlike functions， and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps？ This is the way many of us imagine a robot， but in the real world， a robot is not humanoid at all.Instead a robot often is a voiceless， box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans.Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again.A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is， a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence， such as reasoning， drawing conclusions， and learning from past experience.
A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced.A robot does， however， move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate.A robot even has limbs that swivel and move in combination with joints and motors.To find its way in its surroundings1， a robot utilizes various built-in sensors.Antennae attached to the robot’s base detect anything they bump into.If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline， a gyroscope or a pendulum inside it senses the vertical differential.To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path.These and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer， which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robot’s actions.As science and technology advance， the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial-intelligence programs.
36.Another good title for this passage would be____.
A.Robots： Taking the Place of Humans.
B.Artificial Intelligence Programs.
C.Today’s Robots and How They Function.
D.Modern-Day Sensors.
37.Artificial intelligence is____.
A.the unnatural way in which robots move.
B.a voiceless， box-shaped machine that performs repetitive tasks.
C.sensors such as antennae and a gyroscope.
D.a computer program that imitates human intellectual processes.
38.The last paragraph suggests that future robots will be____.
A.more humanlike in behavior and actions.
B.more like automatic machines.
C.better able to move on inclines.
D.better equipped with laser light sensors.
39.The writer begins the passage by comparing____.
A.the shape of a human being with a box.
B.a modern robot with a fictional robot.
C.an imaginary machine with a human.
D.a computer program with artificial intelligence.
40.The word “humanoid” means____.
A.lacking human characteristics.
B.anything having the appearance of a humanoid.
C.being void or vacant.
D.having a human form or characteristics.
第三篇
Being Teenagers
It has never been easy to be a teenager， and it is particularly difficult today.The world expects us to be grown up but rarely treats us like adults； we are part of a society in which drugs are readily available but extremely dangerous； our education consists of examinations and more examinations.Is it any wonder we struggle at times？
One of the biggest problems is that patents demand mature and intelligent behavior from us， yet usually think of us as still being children.We help do a range of housework and care for sickly grandparents， but cannot watch adult movies on television.We are expected to show an interest in current affairs and get a part-time job to begin to support ourselves， but are not even allowed a say in where we go for the family holiday—never mind being allowed to holiday with our friends！
Outside the home， we have to make sure our dissatisfaction does not lead us to rebellion and to the dealers who are just waiting to sell us various drugs.Older generations had to come to terms with alcohol and cigarettes； that was easy， by comparison.We go to a club， to dance， then are faced with temptations（诱惑）， peer pressures and our own desire to fit in with the crowd.There is always someone there with a designer drink， a designer smile and the latest designer drug to tempt us.Being a teenager has never been harder.
Of course； it has never been so hard in school either.We have so many examinations that it is difficult to keep track： SATs， GCSEs …and the practice tests that accompany them.Homework is never ending.No teacher seems aware of how much work the others are setting， and， anyway， they would not care， because they are all under orders to improve results or their own careers will suffer.
41.What is Paragraph l mainly about？
A.The tempting drugs that can be easily bought.
B.The changing world that teenagers have to adapt to.
C.School education that focuses merely on examinations.
D.Various problems that teenagers have to deal with.
42.Parents will most probably say no to their children if they want to____.
A.learn current affairs by watching TV B.go on vacation with friends
C.take a part time job while in school D.holiday with the rest of the family
43.What does the author mean by saying “Being a teenager has never been harder” in Paragraph 3？
A.Parents are more demanding than ever before.
B.Teenagers have to try harder to fit into the world.
C.Teenagers are under greater pressure from peers.
D.There are more and stronger temptations than before.
44.As is used in Paragraph 4， “the others” refers to____.
A.colleagues B.neighbors C.parents D.students
45.Why do teachers give their students a huge lot of homework and examinations？
A.They have a strong sense of responsibility.
B.They intend to inspire students’ interest in learning.
C.They are demanded to improve students’ scores.
D.They intend to have students work harder in school.
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Style， Not Fashion
Style goes way beyond fashion： It is the distinctive way we put ourselves together.It is a unique blend of spirit and substance-personal identity imposed oil and created throughthe world of things.____（46）.It is what people really want when they aspire to be fashionable.（if they aren’t just adorning （装饰） themselves in status symbols）.
Through clothes， wereinvent ourselves every time we get dressed.Our wardrobe is our visual vocabulary.Style is our distinctive pattern of speech， our individual poetry.
Fashion is the least of it.Style is， for starters， one part identity： self-awareness and self-knowledge.____（47）.And style requires security-feeling at home in your body， physically andmentally.Of course， like all knowledge， self-knowledge must be updated as yougrow evolve； style takes ongoing self-assessment.
Style is also one part personality： spirit： verve， attitude， wit， inventiveness.It demands the desire and confidence to express whatever mood one wishes.Such variability is not only necessary but a reflection of a person’s unique complexity as a human being.____（48）.In order to work， style must reflect the real self， thecharacter and personality of the individual； anything less appears to be acostume？
Lastly， style is one partfashion.It’s possible to have lots of clothes and not an ounce of style.But it’s also possible to have very few clothes and lots of style.Yes， fashion is the means through which we express style， but it takes fewer clothes to be stylish than you might imagine.
Whatever else it is， style is optimism made visible.Style presumes that you are a person of interest： that the world is a place of interest that life is worth making the effort for.It also shows that you are morally responsible.It shows that you don’t buy things at the whim（突然的念头）of the market place or the urging of marketers.____（49）.Style exposes people’s ambivalence（矛盾心理）over good looks.It always demonstrates that appearances do count.Deep down we suspect this， since we ourselves make judgments about others from how they look.
No one should be penalizedfor not having style， of course， but those who have it are distinctive and thus more memorable.____（50）.They announce to the world that they are in command of themselves.
A.It is a way of capturing something vibrant， making a statement about ourselves in clothes.
B.Fashion is part of sty1e.
C.Rather， you focus on what is personally suitable and expressive.
D.You can’t have style until you have a sense of who you are.
E.They create a unique identity for themselves and express it through grooming and a few well-chosen clothes.
F.People want to be themselves and to be seen as themselves.
第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Working mothers
Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems， compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal____（51） is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not， there are a____（52） of mothers who just have to work.There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot____（53） to see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic____（54）.Many mothers are not____（45） out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant， they feel trapped and isolated.
There are a number of options when it____（56） to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady____（57） the street.____（58）， however， many parents don’t have any choice； they have to accept anything they can get.Be prepared！ No____（59） how good the childcare may be， some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a____（60） normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months， but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family____（61）.Make sure that in the first week you allow ____（62） time to help your child settle in.
All children are different.Some are independent， while others are more____（63） to their mothers.Remember that if you want to____（64） the best for your children， it’s not the quantity of time you spend with them， it’s the____（65） that matters.
51.A.view B.idea C.thought D.decision
52.A.percentage B.group C.number D.proportion
53.A.afford B.decide C.hope D.expect
54.A.reason B.duty C.necessity D.task
55.A.made B.cut C.brought D.born
56.A.refers B.concerns C.turns D.comes
57.A.of B.opposite C.across D.next to
58.A.In addition B.In fact C.In reality D.In contrast
59.A.way B.matter C.surprise D.exception
60.A.perfectly B.extremely C.very D.certainly
61.A.people B.adults C.members D.grown-ups
62.A.little B.no C.lots D.plenty of
63.A.used B.attached C.keen D.fond
64.A.make B.give C.have D.do
65.A.quality B.attitude C.behaviour D.manner