真题实战
2016年真题
The Future of the Press
1 Interesting things are happening in the press.Newspaper circulation（销量）in Europe is falling and Ireland and the UK have experienced the biggest drop.Despite this，the mews isn’t all bad for the industry.Global newspaper sales are increasing.Nevertheless，it is clear that newspapers need to change to meet the demands of a rapidly changing readership in a digital world.
2 The industry in Europe has made a number of changes，such as introducing more colour and moving from the big broadsheets to the much more user-friendly size.The most radical innovation has been the introduction of online readers that e-papers are popular.On the other hand，their financial future is not so certain.This is basically because most people are not prepared to pay for online news.In fact，if it wasn’t for advertising（广告），online newspapers would have a very hard time indeed.
3 A growing number of people are reading electronic newspapers instead of the print press and with good reason.First of all，they can read the news whenever they want.Secondly，readers are free to explore a subject as much or as little as they want.Thirdly，it is the perfect medium for“real-time”news.
4 The general view is that the future“paper”will be a multimedia（多媒体）mix.Advanced technology and programming software will allow the user to create their own“news package”. And it will arrive immediately，fed by super-fast Internet connections.The reader will receive up-to-the-minute news about everything from their local traffic problems to updates（更新）on news of specific interest to them.Nobody knows for sure what will happen，but as one expert puts it，“We won’t be saying‘Here is the news’，we will be saying，‘Here is your news’.”
23.Paragraph 1____
24.Paragraph 2____
25.Paragraph 3____
26.Paragraph 4____
A.Traditional papers need to change
B.Global newspaper giants
C.The influence of the traditional press
D.Why do readers like e-papers？
E.Are online papers here to stay？
F.How will newspapers change？
27.Newspapers need to do things differently to keep their____.
28.The European newspaper industry has made a number of changes，one of which is the introduction of____.
29.People like e-papers partly because they can provide____.
30.In the future，newspapers will be a combination of____.
A.different media
B.reporters
C.the user-friendly size
D.“real-time”news
E.packages
F.readers
2015年真题
New Research Lights the Way to Super-fast Computers
（1）New research published today in the journal Nature Communications，has demonstrated how glass can be manipulated to create a material that will allow computers to transfer information using light. This development could significantly increase computer processing speeds and power in the future.
（2）The research by the University of Surrey，in collaboration with the University of Cambridge and the University of Southampton，has found it is possible to change the electronic properties of amorphous chalcogenides，a glass material integral to data technologies such as CDs and DVDs.By using a technique called ion doping，the team of researchers have discovered a material that could use light to bring together different computing functions into one component，leading to all-optical systems.
（3）Computers currently use electrons to transfer information and process applications.On the other hand，data sources such as the Internet rely on optical systems；the transfer of information using light.Optical fibers are used to send information around the world at the speed of light，but these signals then have to be converted to electrical signals once they reach a computer，causing a significant slowdown in processing.
（4）“The challenge is to find a single material that can effectively use and control light to carry information around a computer.Much like how the web uses light to deliver information，we want to use light to both deliver and process computer data，”said project leader，Dr Richard Curry of the University of Surrey.
（5）“This has eluded researchers for decades，but now we have now shown how a widely used glass can be manipulated to conduct negative electrons，as well as positive charges，creating what are known as‘pn-junction’devices.This should enable the material to act as a light source，a light guide and a light detector—something that can carry and interpret optical information.In doing so，this could transform the computers of tomorrow，allowing them to effectively process information at much faster speeds.”
（6）The researchers expect that the results of this research will be integrated into computers within ten years. In the short term，the glass is already being developed and used in next-generation computer memory technology known as CRAM，which may ultimately be integrated with the advances reported.
23.Paragraph 2____
24.Paragraph 3____
25.Paragraph 4____
26.Paragraph 5____
A.Expectation of the discovery
B.The problem of current computers
C.A new finding
D.The purpose of the research
E.Public reaction to the discovery
F.The use of the new material
27.The result of the research can help computers to increase____.
28.Current computers transfer information using____.
29.The new glass material makes it possible to fulfill different computing function____.
30.Glass is used in the research to carry and proces____s.
A.optical information
B.processing speeds
C.electrons
D.positive charges
E.data technologies
F.all-optical systems
2014年真题
Pathways to Research：Problem-solving
（1）Pittsburgh’s many hills aren’t kind to bikers.Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contend with steep streets like Canton Avenue，which famously climbs at a nearly 40-degree angle.As a result，some residents avoid biking altogether.
（2）But University of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll，23，and a few friends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the city’s pedal power：An electric bike called a Pulse PEVO.A super strong battery powers the bicycle.Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hour without pedaling，it zips up the city’s most daunting（令人却步的）hills.Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.
（3）If it sounds like Toll has a knack（窍门）for fixing problems，that’s because he does.In high school，he designed a new type of construction beam.It weighs no more than a feather pillow but can be used to build sturdy（坚固的）homes for refugees fleeing war or natural disaster. For his work，Toll was invited to attend the Inter International Science and Engineering Fair （self）—twice，in 2006 and 2007.The annual competition for young researchers is program of Society for Science&the Public（that’s the parent organization of Science News for Kids）. Toll says that when，it comes to science，he keeps it simple：“You see a problem and say，‘How could I solve that？’”
（4）He’s not the only to take that approach.Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities.When students dedicate themselves to finding a solution that many benefit their community，“a passion is ignited（点燃），”says Wendy Hawkins，executive director of the Inter Foundation，which sponsors Intel ISEF.“Finding that passion and fostering it can be the key to many students future success，”she says.
23.Paragraph 1____
24.Paragraph 2____
25.Paragraph 3____
26.Paragraph 4____
A.Intel International Science and Engineering Fair
B.The enthusiasm for solving problems
C.The young researchers’passion
D.An invention increasing pedal power
E.Why people avoid biking in Pittsburgh
F.The cause of national disaster
27.A Pulse PEVO is powered with____.
28.Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to____.
29.A new construction beam invented by Toll weighs like____.
30.Many young researchers are finding solutions to problems that may____.
A.a nearly 40-degree angle
B.get on bikes
C.a feather pillow
D.fix more problems
E.a super-strong battery
F.benefit their community
答案与解析
2016年真题解析
23.A。第一段的主题句为最后一句，即“报纸需要做一些改变来满足数字世界日益变化的读者需求，这一点是清楚的”，其中“nevertheless（虽然如此，但是）”表示转折，所以最后一句为该段的重点，故选项A（传统报纸需要改变）为正确答案。
24.E。第二段主题句为最后一句，即“主要因为多数人还没有做好付费看网络新闻的准备，所以网络报纸确实将会很艰难”，其中“on the other hand（另一方面，相反）”表示转折，所以最后一句为该段的重点，所以选择E（网络报纸会留得住吗？）。
25.D。第三段主题句为第一句，即“越来越多的人因为多种原因正在读电子报纸而不读纸质报纸”，其他句子进一步详细说明原因，所以选择D（为什么人们喜欢电子报纸）。
26.F。第四段首句为主题句，即“总的观点是未来报纸将会是一个多媒体的混合”，其他句子详细描述未来报纸的特点，所以选择F（未来报纸如何变化？）。
27.F。利用题干关键词need to do things和keep可以定位到第一段最后一句，可知“报纸需要做一些改变来满足数字世界日益变化的读者需求”，目的就是为了留住读者，所以该题答案选F（读者）。
28.C。利用题干关键词European newspaper industry和introduction可以定位到第二段的首句，即“欧洲的报纸行业已经做了很多的改变，包括采用很多的颜色、将大开本改为让读者感到舒服的尺寸”，所以答案选C（让读者感觉舒服的尺寸）。
29.D。利用题干关键词People like e-papers定位到第三段，可知越来越多的人正在读电子报纸，原因包括他们可以随时阅读报纸、读者可以自由选择阅读量，同时电子报纸也是真实时间的新闻、比较及时，因而答案为D（真实时间的新闻）。
30.A。根据题干关键词In the future和combination可以定位到最后一段的第一句，可知总的观点是未来报纸将会是一个多媒体的混合，所以答案选择A（不同媒体）。
2015年真题解析
23.C。题干：第二段的主要内容是____。第二段的第一句是主题句，可知几所大学的研究发现amorphous chalcogenides的电子特性可以改变，amorphous chalcogenides是数据技术必需的一种玻璃材料，其他句子具体解释这个发现，所以C（一项新的发现）是正确答案。
24.B。题干：第三段的主要内容是____。第三段没有明显的主题句，主要介绍了目前电脑使用电子进行信息的传输和应用的处理，但是这会引起处理速度的显著下降（significant slowdown），故B（目前电脑的问题）是正确答案。
25.D。题干：第四段的主要内容是____。第四段的主题句为首句，即挑战就是要找到一种单一的材料，可以有效地使用和控制光来携带信息，故D（研究的目的）是正确答案。
26.F。题干：第五段的主要内容是____。第五段没有明显的主题句，主要说明了过去特别困扰研究者，但是现在已经发现如何广泛使用玻璃来传导负电子以及正电子，这使得该材料可以发挥光源的作用，故F（新材料的用途）是正确答案。
27.B。题干：研究的结果有助于电脑增加____。按照出题顺序与段落顺序一致的原则，利用help computers to increase可以定位到第一段的最后一句，可知这将有效提高电脑的处理速度和功率，所以答案为B（处理速度）。
28.C。题干：目前电脑传输信息使用____。利用题干关键词Current和transfer information可以定位到第三段第一句，可知目前电脑使用电子进行信息的传输和应用的处理，所以该题答案为C（电子）。
29.F。题干：新的玻璃材料使得满足不同的计算功能的____成为可能。利用题干关键词different computing functions可以定位到第二段的最后一句，可知通过这种玻璃材料可以使用光把不同的计算功能融进一个零件之中，从而形成全光系统，所以答案为F（全光系统）。
30.A。题干：玻璃被用在研究中是为了携带和处理____。利用题干关键词glass和carry and process可以定位到第五段“This should enable the material to act as a light source，a light guide and a light detector—something that can carry and interpret optical information.”，可知这种玻璃可以发挥光源、光导和光检测的作用，从而可以携带和解释光学信息，结合语境可知A（光学信息）是正确答案。
2014年真题解析
23.E。题干：第一段的主要内容是____。该段首句讲到：Pittsburgh的山峰对很多自行车骑行者不太友好。后面解释了这里街道很陡（steep）。因此这一段的主题是E（为什么人们不在Pittsburgh骑车）。
24.D。题干：第二段的主要内容是____。第二段首句讲到：有人最近开发了一种有望增加蹬力的发明。因此该段主题答案为D（增加蹬力的发明）。
25.B。题干：第三段的主要内容是____。本段的主题句为第一句：如果听上去Toll有解决问题的窍门，那是因为Toll确实有。后面的事例都在证明他如何展现自己解决问题的能力和激情。因此B选项（解决问题的热情）是最佳答案。
26.C。题干：第四段的主要内容是____。通过该段前两句可知：Toll不是唯一一个采用这种途径（解决日常实际问题）的人，年轻的研究者们也会从致力于解决社区实际问题开始，该段中也出现了关键词passion（激情），跟C选项形成最佳对应。
27.E。题干：一个脉冲PEVO用____提供能量。由PEVO定位到第二段中“...an electric bike called a Pulse PEVO.A super strong battery powers the bicycle.”，由此可知a super strong battery（超强电池）是正确答案。
28.B。题干：Toll希望他的脉冲PEVO能鼓励人们____。用hope和PEVO定位到第二段最后一句“Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.”，可知他希望人们能由此走出汽车，骑上自行车，因此答案为B。
29.C。题干：Toll发明的建设光束重量像____。由construction beam定位到第三段中“It weighs no more than a feather pillow”，可知C（羽毛枕头）是正确答案。
30.F。题干：很多年轻研究者寻找问题的解决方案以便____。用young researchers定位到最后一段“Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities.”可知，年轻的研究者们从解决问题开始时为了满足社区的需求。因此F（造福他们的社区）是正确答案。