第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Good Table Manners
Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table.Here are some general rules：
Napkin（餐巾）use：
The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin.This is your signal to do the same，so place your napkin on your lap.Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin，or in half， lengthwise（纵向地），if it is a large dinner napkin.
If you need to leave the table during the meal，place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning.Once the meal is over，place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate.Do not refold it.
Use a napkin only for your mouth.Never use it for your nose，face or forehead.
Use of utensils（餐具）：
Start with the knife，fork or spoon furthest from your plate，and work your way in，using one utensil for each course.
If soup is served，remember to spoon away from yourself.This helps stop the drips.Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth.Instead，fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup，and sip（啜饮）it from the side noiselessly.
After finishing dinner，place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate.
Using your fingers：
Here’s a list of finger foods：sandwiches，cookies，small fruits or berries with stems， French fries and potato chips，and hamburgers.
Chew（咀嚼）with your mouth closed and don’t make noise：don’t talk with your mouth full.
Bread must be broken with your hands.It is never cut with a knife.
Don’t pick something out of your teeth.Instead，excuse yourself to the bathroom.
If possible，try not to cough at the table.
Do not put your elbows（肘）on the table.In France，it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time.
Do not put bones or anything else on the table.Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.
31.Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal？
A.On your chair. B.On the table. C.On your lap. D.On your plate.
32.The napkin is used only for
A.your forehead. B.your mouth. C.your nose. D.your face.
33.Which utensil is used first？
A.The knife. B.The fork.
C.The spoon. D.The one farthest from the plate.
34.All of the following are finger foods EXCEPT
A.soup. B.sandwiches. C.cookies. D.hamburgers.
35.Which of the following shows good table manners？
A.Talking with your mouth full.
B.Putting bones on your plate.
C.Putting your elbows on the table.
D.Chewing with your month open.
第二篇
Schooling and Education
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education.Nevertheless，it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school.The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling.Education knows no limits.It can take place anywhere，whether in the shower or in the job，whether in a kitchen or in a theatre.It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.The agents of education can range from a respected grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio，from a child to a distinguished scientist.Whereas schooling has a certain predictability，education quite often produces surprises.A chance of conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy（婴儿期）on.Education，then，is a very broad，inclusive term.It is a lifelong（一生的）process，a process that starts long before the start of school，and one that should be an integral（基本的）part of one’s entire life.
Schooling，on the other hand，is a specific，formalized process，whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.Throughout a country，children arrive at school at approximately the same time，take assigned（指定的）seats，are taught by an adult，use similar textbooks，do homework，take exams，and so on.The slices of reality that are to be learned， whether they are words or an understanding of the working of government，have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught.For example，high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
36.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author？
A.School is the place where people get informal education.
B.Education means schooling.
C.Education can be both formal and informal.
D.Going to school is the only way to receive education.
37.Education is different from schooling in that
A.the former is predictable while the latter is not.
B.the former is specific while the latter is not.
C.the former is a formalized process while the latter is not.
D.the former is more open-ended and all-inclusive than the latter.
38.When does education begin？
A.Before one enters school.
B.After one enters school.
C.After one graduates from college.
D.After one retires from work.
39.The fact that children arrive at school at about the same time shows that
A.schooling imposes a lot of strain on the students.
B.schooling has a clear boundary.
C.schooling follows more or less the same pattern.
D.schooling includes different aspects of learning.
40.What is the author’s attitude toward schooling？
A.Positive. B.Negative.
C.Neutral（中立的）. D.Supportive.
第三篇
Almost Human？
Scientists are racing to build the world’s first thinking robot.This is not science fiction： some say they will have made it by the year 2020.Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fiction.Kismet is the name of an android（机器人）which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）.Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show human emotions.Its eyes，ears and lips move to show when it feels happy，sad or bored.Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids—robots that look like human beings—which can imitate human feelings.Cog，another android invented by the MIT，imitates the action of a mother.However， scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
The optimists（乐观主义者）say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids（机器人）with brains similar to those of all adult human being.These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public.What kind of jobs will they do？In the future，robots like Robonaut，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doing dangerous jobs，like repairing space stations.They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us.In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters（怪物）？ Will people themselves become increasingly like robots？Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers，connected to the Internet，in the future.People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets（小装置）.Perhaps we should not exaggerate（夸大）the importance of technology，but one wonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel pain.Who knows？
41.Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A.it thinks for itself. B.it is not like science fiction.
C.it can look after a two-year-old. D.it seems to have human feelings.
42.What makes Cog special？
A.It looks like a mother. B.It behaves like a child.
C.It can imitate the behavior of a mother. D.It has a huge brain.
43.It is predicted that by 2020 robots
A.will become space designers. B.will look like monsters.
C.will behave like animals. D.will think like humans.
44.According to the passage，in the future robots will do all the following EXCEPT
A.explore space. B.entertain people.
C.move much faster. D.do all of the housework.
45.What is the writer’s attitude to robots in the future？
A.Critical. B.Hostile. C.Objective. D.Enthusiastic.