真题实战

真题实战

2016年真题

Freezing to Death for Beauty

People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off(抵御)the cold.In the United States,however,people wear 51 partly because the car is the primary mode of transportation.Cars take 52 straight to their workplaces,which are heated well.The American diet is full of calories,so their 53 can afford to burn heat more quickly.

Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay 54 Lots of Yale girls wear skirts 55 when it’s 10 degrees Centigrade outside.Some of them at least wear boots,tights, and leg-warmers.Some,however,really just go for the look 56 the risk of health.These girls have nothing to prevent their 57 against the wind,and no socks to protect their feet.A mini skirt and a pair of stilettos are all that they wear.

Typically,the ones pursuing fashion are 58 with little body fat.Just by the nature of their bodies,they are already at a disadvantage compared with normal people in 59 weather.I have always 60 ,whenever I pass these girls,how they manage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring had arrived.

And then there are the guys.The girls can be said to 61 health for beauty.But why do guys 62 so little?It is not like,once they shed some layers,they suddenly become better-looking.They are not exactly being fashionable when they 63 wear sporty(花哨的)shorts and shower slippers in the midst of winter.It’s not cute(可爱的).

Of course,people have the freedom to look whatever 64 they want.I am just surprised that,given the vast difference between winter and summer temperatures in Connecticut,they can still 65 like they are partying on the beach in the middle of February.

51.A.scarce B.less C.little D.least

52.A.people B.students C.shoppers D.them

53.A.arms B.heads C.legs D.bodies

54.A.bony B.thin C.fashionable D.hungry

55.A.even B.sometimes C.frequently D.occasionally

56.A.in B.for C.at D.on

57.A.with B.against C.above D.under

58.A.fat B.ugly C.short D.skinny

59.A.warm B.cold C.cool D.hot

60.A.dreamed B.stated C.claimed D.wondered

61.A.sacrifice B.devote C.suffer D.endure

62.A.bear B.carry C.wear D.put on

63.A.only B.seldom C.rarely D.hardly

64.A.method B.road C.way D.avenue

65.A.see B.resemble C.show D.look

2015年真题

Rescue Platform

In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center,security experts are trying to develop new ways of rescuing people from burning skyscrapers.One 51 is a platform capable of flying vertically and hovering in the air 52 a helicopter.The platform would rise up and down alongside a skyscraper and pick up people 53 in high storeys.

The idea for vertical takeoff platform was hatched(策划)more than ten years ago by a Russian aerospace engineer,David Metreveli,who has since moved to Israel.Metreveli’s design 54 the Eagle,calls for two jet engines that 55 four large horizontal propellers.The spinning of the propellers 56 the necessary lift,or upward force,to raise the platform.The more 57 is supplied to the propellers,the higher the platform 58 .Moving the platform sideways involves 59 differing amounts of power to each propeller.

Helicopters are now used in some 60 to get people out of burning building.Escape baskets slung from them dangle beside the building for people to climb into. 61 ,the baskets cannot reach every floor of a building 62 the ropes from which they hang become unstable 63 a certain length.

So far,Metreveli has built a small-scale model of the Eagle to 64 his idea.In the wake of September 11,he has been able to secure enough funding to start building a larger,4-meter by 4-meter prototype, 65 he calls the Eaglet.

51.A.idea B.skill C.building D.improvement

52.A.silks B.unlike C.like D.likely

53.A.saved B.trapped C.climbed D.raised

54.A.linked B.called C.equaled D.described

55.A.change B.move C.turn D.shut

56.A.sends B.keeps C.opens D.generates

57.A.power B.sense C.feature D.model

58.A.stays B.rises C.stars D.runs

59.A.reducing B.comparing C.developing D.applying

60.A.kinds B.cases C.stories D.products

61.A.Unfortunately B.Uncertainly C.Unimportantly D.Unexpectedly

62.A.before B.because C.until D.however

63.A.beyond B.under C.off D.on

64.A.tell B.test C.discuss D.report

65.A.who B.which C.where D.what

2014年真题

Citizen Scientists

Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events—flowering,the appearance of leaves,the first frog calls of the spring—all around the world.But ecologists can’t be 51 so they’re turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.

Climate scientists are not present everywhere. 52 there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,they’re asking your help in 53 signs of climate change across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages 54 people to observe a very specific research interest—birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.—and send their observations 55 a giant database to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a 56 amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. 57 like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the condition—where they live. 58 that’s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and 59 it in.

A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year 60 the National Phenology(生物气候学)Network.“Phenology”is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

One of the group’s first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists 61 to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year.The program,called Project Bud Burst,collects life cycle 62 on a variety of common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project—which is 63 to everyone—record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.

“People don’t 64 to be plant experts—they just have to look around and see what’s in their neighborhood,”says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project.“As we collect this data,we’ll be able to make an estimate of 65 plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”

51.A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere

52.A.If B.Although C.When D.Because

53.A.giving B.showing C.developing D.observing

54.A.special B.professional C.skillful D.ordinary

55.A.on B.at C.to D.with

56.A.small B.limited C.simple D.large

57.A.Very B.Much C.As D.Many

58.A.All B.Any C.Some D.Most

59.A.send B.print C.answer D.keep

60.A.known B.featured C.belonged D.called

61.A.alike B.like C.unlike D.likely

62.A.points B.wonders C.data D.interests

63.A.common B.suitable C.open D.strange

64.A.want B.forget C.mind D.have

65.A.who B.how C.before D.since

答案与解析

2016年真题解析

51.B。本题考查语义和转折关系。上句提到北京人为了御寒穿得很多,however表示转折,可知北京和美国是对比关系,所以美国人穿得少。clothing是不可数名词,用less来修饰,故B为正确选项。

52.D。本题考查语义走向和代词。这句话的意思应该是汽车载着美国人,take后跟宾语them,they是主格,只能做主语,因而D为正确选项。

53.D。本题考查语义走向。上文提到美国人的饮食中含有大量卡路里,这使他们的身体能够提供热量,因而D为正确选项。

54.C。本题考查语义走向。四个选项分别代入后,“穿得比较少会让人保持时尚”比较符合语境,而且后一句提到女孩天冷还穿裙子的例子,故C为正确选项。

55.A。本题考查逻辑关系。“女生穿裙子”跟“当外面10度左右时”形成对比关系,故选A。

56.C。本题考查语义和固定搭配。at the risk of为固定搭配,意为“冒着……的风险”,因此C是正确答案。

57.B。本题考查语义走向。上文讲那些女孩在外面10度左右的时候还穿裙子,因此可知这些女孩没有保护好她们的腿,故选B。其中,prevent sb.against/from sth.为固定搭配,意为“阻止,防止”。

58.D。本题考查语义走向。根据语境,with little body fat意为“脂肪很少”,由此可知应该是瘦的,故选D。

59.B。本题考查语义走向。由上文可知,应该是在寒冷的天气里,与普通人相比,仅靠身体他们已经没有优势,故B是正确答案。

60.D。本题考查语义走向。根据语境可知,无论何时我碰到那些女孩时,我总是____她们是如何使自己不发抖的,分别代入四个选项,“我总想知道”比较符合语境,故正确答案为D。

61.A。本题考查语义走向。根据语境可知,应该是为了美丽,牺牲健康,因此A为正确选项。

62.C。本题考查固定搭配。表示“穿衣服”使用wear,故选C。

63.A。本题考查近义词辨析。seldom表示(频率)很少,hardly表示(强调)几乎不。由上下文可知,穿得少,只穿短袖、凉鞋,故选A。

64.C。本题考查习惯搭配。whatever way为习惯搭配,意为“无论什么样子”,故选C。

65.D。本题考查固定搭配。look like为固定搭配,意为“看起来像……”,故D是正确答案。

2015年真题解析

51.A。本题考查名词。一个____就是做一个平台,能够____直升机垂直并在空中盘旋。根据前一句,安全专家正在设计新的方法来从起火的摩天大楼里救人,因为本句中谈论的是方法之一,故A(主意,想法)为正确答案。

52.C。本题考查词义辨析。题干:一个想法就是做一个平台,能够____直升机垂直并在空中盘旋。四个选项为近形词,其中silk意为“丝绸”,unlike意为“与……不同”,like意为“喜欢;像”,likely意为“可能的”,从此处的语境来看,能垂直并在空中盘旋的就是直升机,故C为正确答案。

53.B。本题考查动词。题干:这个平台能够沿着摩天大楼上升和下降,从而可以接起____高层中的人们。四个选项分别代入后,(be)trapped in意为“受困于……之中,陷入……之中”比较符合语境,因为文章讨论的就是摩天大楼起火后如何救人的事情,故B为正确答案。

54.B。本题考查动词。题干:Metreveli的设计____“鹰”,需要两个喷气式发动机,从而能够____四个较大的水平螺旋桨。根据语境,此处的句意Metreveli的设计起名叫“鹰”,故该题答案选B。

55.C。本题考查动词。题干:Metreveli的设计起名为“鹰”,需要两个喷气式发动机,从而能够____四个较大的水平螺旋桨。四个选项代入后,turn the four large horizontal propellers(转动四个水平螺旋桨)比较符合语境,所以该题的答案为C。

56.D。本题考查动词。题干:螺旋桨的旋转____必要的举起或者向上的力量来将平台升高。四个选项分别代入后,generate the necessary upward force(产生必要的向上的动力)比较符合语境,故D为正确答案。

57.A。本题考查名词。题干:越多的____提供给螺旋桨,那么平台就____越高。根据语境,螺旋桨的转动肯定需要动力,故A为正确答案。

58.B。本题考查动词。题干:越多的动力提供给螺旋桨,那么平台就____越高。根据语境,螺旋桨的旋转产生必要的举起或者向上的力量来将平台升高,所以越多的动力提供给螺旋桨,那么平台就升得越高,故此题选B。

59.D。本题考查动词。题干:从侧面移动平台需要____给每一个螺旋桨不同的动力。从前一句可知越多的动力提供给螺旋桨,那么平台就升得越高,但是从侧面移动,则需要给每一个螺旋桨提供不同量的动力,从而使其能从侧面移动平台,故D(应用,使用)比较符合语境,所以D为正确答案。

60.B。本题考查名词。题干:直升机现在正被用于一些____中来帮助人们逃离着火的建筑物。根据语境,四个选项分别代入,直升机现在正被用于一些实例中比较符合语境,故B(案例,情况)为正确答案。

61.A。本题考查副词。题干:____救生筐不能达到大楼的每一层,____筐子上的绳子变得不稳定了如果____一定的长度。根据语境,前一句说的是从直升机抛出救生筐然后让人们爬进筐子从而逃生,本句说的是救生筐不能达到大楼的每一层,前后之间为转折关系,故A(不幸的是)为正确答案。

62.B。本题考查连词。题干:不幸的是,救生筐不能达到大楼的每一层,____筐子上的绳子变得不稳定了如果____一定的长度。根据语境可知,空白处所在的句子是解释为什么救生筐不能达到大楼的每一层,正确答案应该为B。

63.A。本题考查介词。题干:不幸的是,救生筐不能达到大楼的每一层,因为筐子上的绳子变得不稳定了如果____一定的长度。四个选项分别代入,beyond the certain length(超过一定的长度)比较符合语境,因此A选项正确。

64.B。本题考查动词。题干:到目前为止,Metreveli已经建造了小型的“鹰”来____他的想法。根据语境,四个选项分别代入后,test his idea意为“检验他的想法”比较符合语境,因此答案为B。

65.B。本题考查从句。题干:为了预防类似9·11事件,他已经获得足够的资金来建造一个大型的,四米见方的原型,并将其称之为“小飞鹰”。根据语境,是把所建造的原型称之为“小飞鹰”,这里选择which指代的是前文的prototype并且在从句中作宾语,故B为正确答案。

2014年真题解析

51.A。本题考查副词。题干:但是,生态学家不可能____,因此他们求助于普通公民的参与,这些公民有时被称为公民科学家。该段告诉我们,要在世界范围观察气候对大自然中生物的生命周期的影响,数量有限的科学家不可能足迹遍及天下,为此科学家求助于普通公民的参与。因此只能选择everywhere才能表示“遍及各地”。

52.D。本题考查逻辑关系。题干:____世界各地地方很多,又没有足够的科学家来观察,他们就会寻求你的帮助来____世界各地气候征兆的变化。这个复合句中主句是“寻求帮助来记录气候变化”,造成需要寻求帮助的原因是“没有足够的科学家”,因此此处的逻辑关系应为因果,故本题选D。

53.D。本题考查语义。题干:因为世界各地地方很多,又没有足够的科学家来观察,他们就会寻求你的帮助来____世界各地气候征兆的变化。原因状语从句中讲到没有足够的科学家来“observe”,证明这个空格也需要填入observe:需要求助公民科学家来观察,故本题答案为D。

54.D。本题考查语义呼应。题干:公民科学家参与科学观察的运动鼓励____人来观察一个特定研究领域……公民科学家与professional scientists是对应的,因此他们只是普通人:ordinary people。

55.C。本题考查介词。题干:公民科学家参与科学观察的运动鼓励普通人来观察一个特定研究领域……并将这些数据送____一个巨大的数据库,而这些数据是依靠他们自己的力量无法收集到的。send...to是固定搭配,意思是“将……送到……”。

56.A。本题考查语义呼应和固定搭配。题干:这能帮助小部分科学家追踪____数据,而这些数据是依靠他们自己的力量无法收集到的。与small number of scientists对应的应该是large amount of data,因此该空应该选large,其他选项都不是最佳答案。

57.B。本题考查副词。题干:____就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息一样,公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。四个选项中只有much能修饰like,表示相似的程度。very只能修饰形容词,副词或者动词,as则引导从句或者加名词,many修饰可数名词的复数形式。

58.A。本题考查代词。题干:____需要的就是每天或者每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并____过来。这里that’s needed是空格处单词的定语从句,能与that搭配使用的不定代词充当先行词的只有all。故本题答案为A。

59.A。本题考查动词。题干:所需要的就是每天或者每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并____过来。公民科学家所干的事情就是观察并记录,然后将搜集的数据发送到数据库里,因此这里用send最合适。

60.D。本题考查动词用法。题干:一群科学家和教育家在去年发起了一个____纽约国家生物气候学的组织。“被称为”常常使用called,且常常放在名词后面充当后置定语。

61.A。本题考查语义。题干:其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家____非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的数据。根据上文语义,科学家和非科学家都是很重要的渠道,因此选用alike。

62.C。本题考查名词。题干:这一项目叫作“花季追踪计划”,它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的____。本文几乎全文在讲公民科学家如何观察和搜集数据,因此用collect data是最合适的。

63.C。本题考查形容词。题干:参与这一项目的人们——这一计划对所有人____——把他们的观察记录在花季追踪计划的网站上。很明显,本题的意思是“这一计划对所有人都开放”,将观察记录在追踪计划网站上便是开放的方式。因此本题选open最合适。

64.D。本题考查动词。题干:人们没有____成为专家——他们仅仅需要环视四周看看周围有什么。通过上下文可知,要做到公民科学家不需要成为植物学家(expert),只需要观察和记录。因此这里用have to(不得不)最合适,don’t have to的意思是“没有必要”。

65.B。本题考查从句连词。题干:通过收集数据,我们就能够估算出气候变化对植物和生物群落会有____的影响。这里想表达气候变化是如何影响植物和生物的,因此选用how是最合适的。