真题实战

真题实战

2016年真题

第一篇

Can You Hear This?

When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium,listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source.They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls, floor,and ceiling.These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射的)sound,which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source.

The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium.It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls,ceiling,floor,and contents of the room(including the people)absorb sound.There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation.Speech needs to be understood clearly: therefore rooms used for talking must have a short reverberation time.The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time.The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between.

Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design.Smooth,curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel(平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth,creating a rapid,repetitive pulsing effect.Large pillars(柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors to change the reverberation time of a room.For example,hanging large reflectors,called clouds,over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.

31.This passage is mainly about

A.sound waves and their effects. B.the types of music orchestras play.

C.walls of an auditorium. D.the design of an auditorium.

32.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies with full-sound effect have

A.a short reverberation time. B.an intermediate reverberation time.

C.no reverberation time. D.a long reverberation time.

33.This passage suggests that a good auditorium should

A.get rid of all reflections. B.not have absorbers.

C.achieve a pleasing mixture of sound. D.have smooth surfaces.

34.Large pillars and corners may

A.make sound rich and full. B.be cures for sound problems.

C.be sources of sound problems. D.function as effectively as clouds.

35.The word“acoustic”in the last paragraph has something to do with

A.performance. B.sound. C.audience. D.weather.

第二篇

Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference

Putting a bunch of college students in charge of a$300,000 Dance Marathon,fund-raiser surely sounds a bit risky.When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to children in need of medical care,you might call the idea crazy.

Most student leaders don’t want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about,said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner.He was the Dance Marathon’s operations officer for two years.

Yvonne Fangmeyer,director of the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations.She said the desire for friendship was the most frequently cited reason for joining.

At large universities like Fangmeyer’s,which has more than 40,000 students,the students first of all want to find a way to“belong in their own corner of campus”.

Katie Rowley,a Wisconsin senior,confirms the survey’s findings.“I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find a group of friends.”

All of this talk of friendship,however,does not mean that students aren’t thinking about their resumes.“I think that a lot of people do join to‘fatten up their resume’,”said Heitner.“At the beginning of my college career,I joined a few of these organizations,hoping to get a start in my leadership roles.”

But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come.For example,in April,several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up for an event designed to educate students about homelessness and poverty.Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements,moving the event because of rainy weather,and dealing with the university’s complicated bureaucracy.

“Outside-of-the-classroom learning really makes a big difference,”Fangmeyer said.

36.An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of$300,000 is risky because most student leaders

A.are lazy. B.are stupid.

C.are not rich enough. D.will not take an interest in it.

37.Students join campus organizations mostly for

A.making a difference. B.gaining experience.

C.building friendship. D.improving their resumes.

38.Who is Katie Rowley?

A.She’s a senior professor. B.She’s a senior student.

C.She’s a senior official. D.She’s a senior citizen.

39.What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?

A.Passion. B.Money. C.Power. D.Fame.

40.The phrasal verb“fatten up”in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by

A.invent. B.rewrite. C.polish. D.complete.

第三篇

Covering the Coast All by Himself

University life is in no way cheap in Canada.It costs Peter Kemp,a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver,C$18,000 a year.

Amazingly,the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself.

For the past three years,Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition and living expenses.Last semester alone,he worked five jobs for 32-40 hours a week.Life is busy,but Kemp enjoys it.

“Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence,”said Kemp,who will begin his senior year this fall.“Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and make my own decisions,”said Kemp.“It has also helped me understand the value of money.

Among Kemp’s five jobs last semester,two were on campus.For one,he helped maintain the university’s computer labs.For the other,he worked at the IT service desk to help students and teachers solve their computer problems.He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems.This job paid him well at C$27 an hours.

“These jobs made me put what I’ve learned in university to practical use,”Kemp said.“I accomplished creative and imaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work.”

Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study.He’s a top student in his class.And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semester. It’s a position that he has desired for a long time.“It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow students and make a difference,”says Kemp.

“I believe one of the key secrets to juggling(应付)everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health,”he said.

“I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their importance.The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it.Remember to ask for help when you think you can’t finish something on time,or can’t finish it by yourself.”

31.Who is Peter Kemp?

A.A computer student. B.An American student.

C.A French student. D.A British student.

32.How did he manage to pay his tuition and living expenses?

A.He did a variety of part-time jobs.

B.He won a few scholarships.

C.He borrowed money from his parents.

D.He obtained cheap loans from the bank.

33.Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned in the passage as an advantage of having economic independence?

A.It makes one understand that life is not easy.

B.It helps one know the value of money.

C.It gives one the ability to control his or her life.

D.It enables one to make his or her own decisions.

34.Kemp is able to balance work and study due to his

A.strong will power. B.exceptional intelligence.

C.desire to become a leader. D.good management of time.

35.The phrase“putting off”in Paragraph 7 means

A.performing. B.fulfilling. C.finishing. D.postponing

2015年真题

第一篇

Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?

When people argue about whether coffee is good for health,they’re usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker.Is it good for your heart?Does it increase blood pressure?Does it help you concentrate?However,coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways,too.

Traditionally,coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees.However,more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees.At first,this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees.With increased production come increased profits.

Unfortunately,deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.

Furthermore,in the long term,the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee.The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant,but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die.The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well,and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.

Fortunately,farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade.We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as“shade grown”and “bird friendly”.Sure,these varieties might cost a little more.But we’re paying for the health of the birds,the land,ourselves,and the planet.I think it’s worth it.

31.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.

B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.

C.Shade-grown coffee is more expensive than sun-grown coffee.

D.People should buy shade-grown coffee.

32.The function of the word“Traditionally”in Paragraph 2 is to show

A.the positive effects of coffee.

B.a change of coffee growth.

C.something that is the most important.

D.how coffee production used to be.

33.What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?

A.more insects. B.better quality coffee.

C.larger farms. D.higher profits.

34.How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?

A.They buy more land from other farmers.

B.They cut down trees.

C.They move to another country.

D.They turn grassland into farmland.

35.The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT

A.insects. B.air. C.birds. D.humans.

第二篇

Soot(煤烟灰)and Snow:a Hot Combination

New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow.According to a computer simulation,black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.

Soot in the higher latitudes(纬度)of the Earth,where ice is more common,absorbs more of the sun’s energy and warmth than an icy,white background.Dark-colored black carbon,or soot, absorbs sunlight,while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.

Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an important role in climate change.Also,if snow and ice covered areas begin melting,the warming effect increases,as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface.“This provides a positive feedback,as glaciers and ice sheets melt,they tend to get even dirtier,”said Dr.James Hansen,a researcher at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies,New York.

Hansen found soot’s effect on snow albedo(反照率),which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere,such as thinning Arctic sea ice and melting glaciers permafrost.Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land.

“Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space,thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon,”Hansen said.Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate.“This forcing is unusually effective,causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude,”Hansen noted.

Hansen cautioned,although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial,it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century.Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.

The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes.These observations were coherent with the researchers’climate model situations,which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

36.Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true?

A.It absorbs sun’s heat.

B.It is responsible for climate change.

C.It reflects sunlight.

D.It may account for a quarter of global warming over the past century.

37.Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?

A.Ice sea areas. B.Areas with black carbon.

C.Areas covered with white snow. D.Melting glaciers.

38.“This forcing”in Paragraph 5 refers to

A.sun’s heating on snow surface.

B.soot’s increased absorption of solar energy.

C.carbon-dioxide’s warming effect.

D.snow’s increased reflection of sunlight.

39.What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century?

A.Soot. B.Snow.

C.Greenhouse gases. D.Wind.

40.The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemisphere with

A.thinning sea ice and insufficient sunlight.

B.light snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

C.heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.

D.thick sea ice and insufficient sunlight.

第三篇

A Record-Breaking Rover

NASA’s Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance.Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004,Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles, more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.On July 27,after years of moving about on Martian ground,the golf-cart-sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles,beating the previous record holder—a Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973.

“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,”says John Callas,the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.

He works at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California.“But what is really important is not how many miles the rover has racked up,but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”

Opportunity

The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover,Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months.The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life,such as the possible presence of water.

Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010,a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit.But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.

During its mission,Opportunity has captured,and sent back to Earth,some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras.It has also provided scientists with data on the planet’s atmosphere,soil,rocks,and terrain.

Marathon Rover

The rover doesn’t seem to be ready to stop just yet.If Opportunity can continue on,it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles.Scientists call this site Marathon Valley,because when the rover reaches the area,it will have traveled the same distance as the length of a marathon since its arrival on Mars.

Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars’s ancient environment.Opportunity’s continuing travels will also help researchers as they plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet.

41.Opportunity is a record-breaking rover in the sense of

A.how long it has stayed in space.

B.how far it has traveled.

C.how much investment it has involved.

D.how many facilities it has been equipped with.

42.What does John Callas say about Opportunity’s long distance travel?

A.It hasn’t met scientists’expectation yet.

B.It hasn’t been appreciated appropriately.

C.It is secondary to what has been discovered.

D.It is what scientists have been aiming at.

43.One of the objectives of sending Opportunity and Spirit to Mars is to

A.collect soil and send back to Earth.

B.develop multinational space experiments.

C.test how well solar-powered rovers work in solar space.

D.look for the possible presence of life.

44.Which of the following statements is TRUE of Opportunity?

A.It will come back to Earth soon.

B.Another rover will be sent to replace it.

C.It is traveling to another important star.

D.It will work with other rovers exploring Mars.

45.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

A.experts know how far Opportunity will walk on Mars.

B.researchers are working on sending many rovers to Mars.

C.Mars’ancient environment might be explored with the help of Opportunity.

D.Opportunity is supposed to collect clay minerals from Marathon Valley.

2014年真题

第一篇

Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

It pays to be smart,but we are not all smart in the same way.You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader.Each of us is different.Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities.Psychologists have two different views on intelligence.Some believe there is one general intelligence.Others believe there are many different intelligences.

Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures.They do well on individual or group tests,and written or oral tests.Those who do poorly on one test,do the same on all tests.

Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence.The brain of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving.The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction.Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.

Howard Gardner,a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education,has four children.He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test.Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists,he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling.He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life.Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences.Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.

Gardner says that his theory is based on biology.For example,when one part of the brain is injured,other parts of the brain still work.People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing.So,there is not just one intelligence to lose.Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence:linguistic,mathematical,spatial,musical,interpersonal,intrapersonal,body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic.

31.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.How to understand intelligence. B.The importance of intelligence.

C.The development of intelligence tests. D.How to become intelligent.

32.Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?

A.Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.

B.People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.

C.Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.

D.Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.

33.Gardner believes that

A.children have different intelligences.

B.all children are alike.

C.children should take one intelligence test.

D.there is no general intelligence.

34.According to Gardner,schools should

A.test students’IQs.

B.train students who do poorly on tests.

C.focus on finding the most intelligent students.

D.promote development of all intelligences.

35.Gardner thinks that his theory has a(n)

A.musical foundation. B.biological foundation.

C.intrapersonal foundation. D.linguistic foundation.

第二篇

Compact Disks

If someone says to you your music CDs don’t really hold any music on them,and they only have numbers recorded on them,you may not believe it.In fact,he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers—a digital code.The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps(隆起)on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long.These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns(微米)wide.

A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns.The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back.This lets the CD player turn the reflected light back into the original code.This means you can hear the original code as music.

Digital codes are used with many technologies.E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes(探测仪)communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes.Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems.Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes.Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.

There are many types of compact disks.One format is called CD-RWs.They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)as you would do with a floppy disk(软盘).Another format is the CD-ROM.The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs.These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear.The clear and dark spots are the digital code.CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc—Read Only Memory.This disk is like a“super” floppy disk that can hold lots of information.One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks.Information is permanently recorded onto it.Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.

CDs were first sold to the public in 1982.These CDs still play well and sound fine.Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years.Of course,you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.

Science keeps on developing.It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording.In the meantime,there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.

36.Music is recorded onto CDs as

A.laser beams. B.digital codes.

C.musical notes. D.special sounds.

37.E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to show

A.the variety of digital communications.

B.the development of new technologies.

C.the usefulness of digital codes.

D.the relationship between communication and technology.

38.One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs is

A.CD-ROMs can be used for longer time.

B.CD-ROMs cannot be rewritten on.

C.CD-RWs hold more information.

D.CD-RWs are merely used for music recording.

39.CDs can last a long time if

A.they are seldom used.

B.they play well and sound fine.

C.their users take good care of them.

D.they are developed with new technology.

40.It can be inferred from the passage that

A.CD-ROMs are more expensive than other CDs.

B.new technology for music recording is being developed.

C.the author likes listening to music.

D.floppy disks are no longer in use.

第三篇

Music

Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented.In movies and plays,music has an added function:it not only moves people but also can shock people.

Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels(分贝).Once sound exceeds this limit,even beautiful music will become car-splitting noise and harm health.A strong blast(响声)of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet.High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.

In movies,sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can’t hear and only those who have the same ability can feel.In nature,there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing.In physics,the sound that exceeds 20,000 hz is called ultrasonic(超音波的).Dolphins, whales and bats can make such high-frequency sound.It does no harm to health.

Sound less than 20 hz is called infrasonic(次声)waves.When we move,the air will vibrate. The vibration of air can produce infrasonic waves.As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people’s internal organs,infrasonic wave may cause resonance(共振)in human bodies.As a result,people’s vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture(断裂).However,whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity.If its intensity is very low,it won’t damage internal organs or a person’s health.If the intensity of infrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels,it is extremely harmful.When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea,it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels.Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels.At present,scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.

41.What could be the best title of the passage?

A.The power of music.

B.The harms of noises.

C.The magic of sound.

D.The discovery of infrasonic waves.

42.What does the author say about music?

A.It may be harmful to people’s health.

B.It always cheers people up.

C.It is very often difficult to understand.

D.It sounds better when it is loud enough.

43.It is true that the sound

A.of nature is the most beautiful.

B.of high intensity benefits animals.

C.in movies is pleasing to the ear.

D.over 80 decibels is harmful to people.

44.An ultrasonic sound

A.is very loud.

B.does harm to people’s health.

C.is produced by the hero in movies.

D.cannot be heard by people.

45.It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonic waves

A.are harmless to people’s health.

B.exist in people’s internal organs.

C.can be used as deadly weapons.

D.can improve eyesight.

答案与解析

2016年真题解析

第一篇

31.D。主旨题。题干:本文主要是关于____。主旨题需要定位段落的首尾句和高频词汇,分别定位每段的首尾句,可知auditorium反复出现,所以主旨与auditorium有关。第一段谈论的是人们在屋子里或礼堂中听到的声波,可以是直接来自声源,也可以是反射的声音;第二段谈论的是礼堂声音反射的时间由礼堂的体积和内部大小决定,第三段谈论的是声音的问题经常是因为不好的礼堂设计所造成的,故D(礼堂的设计)为正确答案。

32.D。细节题。题干:瓦格纳歌剧和马勒交响乐有完整的音效是因为有____。根据Wagner operas,Mahler symphonies和full-sound effect可以定位到第二段中的“The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time.”,可知瓦格纳歌剧和马勒交响乐的完整音效需要较长的反射时间,由此可知该题答案为D(较长的反射时间)。

33.C。细节题。题干:该文章表明一个好的礼堂应该____。根据a good auditorium无法定位到相关原句,改为定位选项关键词。分别定位选项关键词,可以定位到第三段最后两句,可知有些问题可以通过使用absorber和reflector来改变屋子里声音的反射时间,例如,通过悬挂在表演者头顶的大型reflector,将会使得一些声频反射,另外一些声频则通过,从而形成令人愉悦的混合音,由此可知C(形成令人愉悦的混合音)为正确答案。

34.C。细节题。题干:大型的柱子和墙角可能____。利用题干关键词Large pillars and corners可以定位到第三段中的“Large pillars(柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.”,可知在声波试图穿过物体时,大型的柱子和墙角可能引起声音阴影,所以选项C(是声音问题的来源)为正确答案。

35.B。猜词题。题干:最后一段中的“acoustic”与什么有关?通过查字典可知,acoustic意思为“声学的,音响的”,因而与声音有关,所以选项B(声音)正确。

第二篇

36.D。细节题。题干:一项诸如筹集300000美元的课外活动是有风险的,因为学生团体的领导者____。利用题干关键词300000和student leaders等可以定位到第二段,可知多数的学生团体领导不想把大量时间花在他们不在乎的事情上,故D(不感兴趣)为正确答案。

37.C。细节题。题干:学生加入校园组织主要是因为____。根据join campus organization可以定位到第三段的最后一句,据Fangmeyer调查发现,对友谊的渴望是学生参加校园组织的最常见的原因,由此可以答案C(交朋友)。

38.B。细节题。题干:Katie Rowley是谁?利用关键词Katie Rowley可以定位到第五段第一句话,可知Katie Rowley是威斯康星大学的一个大四学生(senior),所以该题答案为B(她是一名大四的学生)。

39.A。细节题。题干:学生团队的领导者需要什么才能使一项活动达到成功的目标?利用题干关键词carry an activity through to a successful end无法定位到相关的句子,改为定位选项关键词,分别定位四个选项。利用passion可以定位到倒数第二段的首句,即“没有激情,学生团体的领导者可能渡过难关”,所以该题答案为A(激情)。weather the storm为习惯搭配,意为“历经暴风雨,渡过难关”。

40.C。猜词题。题干:第六段中的fatten up意思为____。根据语境“I think that a lot of people do join to‘fatten up their resume’”,可知很多人参加学生团体是为了给自己的个人建立增添内容,同时通过查字典可知fatten up意为“使肥胖”,所以选项C(打磨,润色,改进,使完美)正确。

第三篇

41.A。细节题。题干:Peter Kemp是谁?利用关键词Peter Kemp可以定位到第一段第二句,可知Peter Kemp是大不列颠哥伦比亚理工学院计算机科学专业的学生,故A(计算机专业的学生)为正确答案。

42.A。细节题。题干:他如何设法支付他的学费和生活费?根据题干关键词tuition and living expenses可以定位到第三段的第一句,可知他做了很多兼职来支付他的学费和生活费,所以该题答案为A(他做了很多兼职)。

43.A。细节题。题干:下列有关经济独立的好处没有提到的是哪项?这类判断题定位选项比较有效,分别利用四个选项的关键词进行定位,可以定位到第四段,从中可知Peter Kemp谈到经济独立赋予他控制生活的能力,使他能独立做决定,而且还帮助他明白了金钱的价值,由此可知A(让人理解生活的不易)没有提到,所以A为正确答案。

44.D。细节题。题干:Kemp能够平衡工作学习是因为他____。利用题干关键词balance work and study可以定位到倒数第三段的首句“Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study.”,可知良好的时间管理使得他能够平衡工作和生活,所以选项D(良好的时间管理)为正确答案。

45.D。猜词题。题干:第7段中的putting off的意思是____。通过查字典可知,put off意思为“推迟,延迟”,所以选项D(推迟,延迟)正确。

2015年真题解析

第一篇

31.A。主旨题。题干:这篇文章的大意为____。从各段的首尾句来看,第二段至第四段谈论的是向阳种植咖啡的弊端,第五段谈的是人们开始在阴面种植咖啡,由此可以看出人们种植咖啡的方式发生了改变,所以该题答案为A。

32.B。细节题。题干:第二段中“Traditionally”一词的功能是为了说明____。利用题目关键词定位到第二段的首句,从中可知“传统上,咖啡树被种植在大树的树冠之下”,后一句“但是,拉美地区越来越多的农民砍伐森林来种植完全向阳的咖啡树”,由此可知前后句就咖啡树的种植方式形成对比,因此traditionally是为了说明过去与现在种植方式的不同,因而答案为B。选项D具有较大的迷惑性,但是第一句和第二句谈论的是咖啡的种植,而非咖啡的生产。

33.D。细节题。题干:向阳种植的咖啡产量增加导致了什么?利用题干关键词increased production可以定位到第二段最后一句,可知产量的增加带来了利润的增加,故D是正确答案。

34.B。细节题。题干:农民如何找到更多的地来向阳种植咖啡?利用题干关键词find more land可以定位到第二段的第二句,可知越来越多的拉美人正在砍伐森林来种植咖啡树,故B是正确答案。

35.B。细节题。题干:向阳种植咖啡的方法可能对下列____之外都有影响。分别定位四个选项,可以定位到第三和四段,如第三段提到因为种植咖啡树,本地的鸟类赖以筑巢和躲避捕食者的树木被砍掉了,第四段提到化肥和杀虫剂杀死了以咖啡树为食的昆虫,而鸟类吃了这些中毒的昆虫而死亡,化学物质杀死动物或使其生病,然后将毒性带入到人们饮水的水域中,所以可见昆虫、鸟类和人类都受到了影响,故本题答案为B。

第二篇

36.C。细节题。题干:下列关于soot的说法不正确的是哪项?利用题干关键词soot无法定位到相关信息,可以改为定位选项。分别定位四个选项,利用选项A的关键词可以定位到第二段的首句,可知地球高纬度地区冰雪覆盖,那里的煤灰比白色的冰面吸收了更多的太阳热能,所以选项A与原文信息一致;利用选项B的关键词可以定位到第三段首句,可知冰雪地区的煤灰对气候变化可能起着至关重要的作用,所以选项B与原文信息一致;利用选项C的关键词可以定位到第一段的首句,可知美国国家航空航天局的科学家的一项新调查显示,黑色煤烟的排放改变了冰雪对阳光的反射方式,而不是反射太阳光,所以选项C与原文信息不一致;利用选项D的关键词可以定位到第一段的最后一句,可知20世纪观测到的全球变暖有25%是黑煤灰引起的,所以D项与原文信息一致。因此,该题答案为C(黑色煤烟能反射阳光)。

37.B。细节题。题干:下列哪个区域表现出较大的温室效应?利用题干关键词warming effect可以定位到第三段的前两句,可知冰雪地区的煤灰对气候变化可能起着至关重要的作用。而且,一旦覆盖大地的冰雪开始融化,煤灰就会更加固着于冰面,从而加剧温室效应,所以可知覆盖了煤灰的雪所产生的温室效应比较大,根据第二段的最后一句可知深黑色的碳就是煤灰,因此该题选B项(覆盖了黑色的碳的地区)。

38.B。词汇题。题干:第五段中的“This forcing”指的是____。代词的含义一般在其前的句子中。前一句提到煤灰对太阳热能的大量吸收是全球气候变暖的重要因素,然后说这种强力是非常有效的,温室作用是同量二氧化碳强度的两倍,这种强力指的是煤灰对太阳热能的吸收,故本题答案为B(煤灰逐渐吸收太阳热能)。

39.C。细节题。题干:20世纪气候变暖的主要原因是什么?利用题干关键词climate warming和the past century可以定位到倒数第二段的第一句,可知Hansen又提醒说尽管煤灰对全球气候变化的作用重大,但这并不能改变一个事实,那就是温室气体是上世纪气候变暖的首要原因,所以该题答案为C(温室气体)。

40.C。细节题。题干:最大的温室效应发生在北半球____。利用题干关键词the largest warming effects和Northern Hemisphere可以定位到最后一段,可知研究人员发现北半球观测到的变暖现象大多发生在中高纬地区的冬春两季,这样的观测结果与气象模拟实验相吻合,表明部分大规模的温室效应发生在有厚雪覆盖层和充足的日照的时期。因此,该题答案为选项C(厚雪覆盖层和充足的日照)。

第三篇

41.B。细节题。题干:“机遇号”漫游车从____角度而言是一辆破纪录的漫游车。利用题干关键词Opportunity和record-breaking rover可以定位到第一段的前两句,可知美国宇航局的火星漫游车“机遇号”到达了其他任何漫游车都没能到达的地方——至少从距离上来说是如此,而且自2004年“机遇号”到达火星以来,它已经行驶了25.01英里,比任何外星漫游车走的距离都长,所以该题答案为B(它行走的距离)。

42.C。细节题。题干:John Callas对“机遇号”漫游车的长途行驶说了什么?利用题干关键词John Callas可以定位到第二段和第三段,可知火星探测漫游车项目的负责人John Callas解释说,这是一项不同寻常的成就,因为“机遇号”本来预定只能行驶大约1000米,并不是为长途行驶而设计的,但是重要的不是漫游车行进了多少距离,而是在这个距离上我们进行了多少探索和发现,由此可知最重要的不是行驶的距离而是探索和发现,所以该题的正确答案为C(不如所获得的发现重要),这里be secondary to为固定搭配,意为“次要的,居于次要地位”。

43.D。细节题。题干:发射“机遇号”和“勇气号”漫游车到火星的目标之一是____。利用题干关键词Opportunity和Spirit可以定位到第四段的最后一句,可知漫游车的目的是帮助科学家进一步了解火星,并且搜寻生命迹象,比如可能存在的水的迹象,所以该题的正确答案为D(搜寻可能的生命迹象)。

44.D。细节题。题干:关于“机遇号”漫游车的说法哪项是正确的?利用题干关键词Opportunity无法快速定位最直接的信息,可以改为定位选项。分别定位四个选项关键词,可以定位到第七段的首句,可知该漫游车还没有停止工作,所以可以排除A(将会很快返回地球)和B(将会被另一辆漫游车所替代),再根据第七段的尾句,可知之所以把这个地方叫做马拉松谷就是因为“机遇号”从登陆火星并到达这个位置所经过的距离就是一个马拉松的长度,而且从最后一段的首句可知研究人员认为马拉松谷附近的黏土物质含有与火星早期环境有关的线索,因为“机遇号”漫游车还在火星上,所以C项(它将飞往另一个重要的星球)是错误的,所以该题答案为D(将与其他的漫游车一起工作来探索火星)。

45.C。推断题。题干:从最后一段可以推断出____。从最后一段来看,研究人员认为马拉松谷附近的黏土物质含有与火星早期环境有关的线索,“机遇号”接下来的工作将有助于研究人员实施人类最终移居火星的计划,所以“机遇号”将被用于探索火星的早期环境,从而决定人类最终移居火星的计划的实施,所以该题答案为C(将在机遇号的帮助下进行火星的早期环境的研究),这里的干扰项是D(“机遇号”将收集马拉松谷附近的黏土物质),从第六段可知“机遇号”是用它的照相机拍摄了大约187000张火星的全景和微观影像并传回地球,所以并非收集具体的黏土物质。

2014年真题解析

第一篇

31.A。主旨题。题干:这篇文章的主要大意是什么?利用短文的题目“Approaches to Understanding Intelligences”,即“理解智力的模式”,可知本文关注的是如何理解智力,因而答案为A。

32.B。细节题。题干:下列哪一项关于普遍智力的说法是正确的?利用题干关键词general intelligence可以定位到第一段“Some believe there is one general intelligence.Others believe there are many different intelligences”,即“有的人认为有一种普遍的智力,而其他人则认为有多种类型的智力”,根据这句话无法确定答案;可以利用定位选项关键词进行解答,分别定位四个选项的关键词可以定位到第二段“...people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests.They do well on tests using words,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests,and written or oral tests.”,即“那些在一种类型的智力测验中表现好的人在其他测验中也表现好。他们在使用词汇、数字和图片的测验中表现好。他们无论是在个人的还是团队的测验中,还是在书面的或口语的测验中,都表现好”,由此可知B为正确答案。

33.A。细节题。题干:Gardner认为____。利用题干关键词Gardner可以定位到第四段和第五段,但是无法确定相关的原句,所以还需要通过定位选项的关键词来进行解答。分别定位四个选项的关键词,可以定位到第四段“He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test”,即“他认为所有孩子是不同的,而且不应该通过同一种智力测验进行测验”,由此可知A为正确答案。

34.D。细节题。题干:根据Gardner,学校应该____。利用题干关键词Gardner和school可以定位到第四段“Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences”,即“Gardner认为学校的目的就是鼓励我们所有人的智力发展”。因而D为正确答案。

35.B。细节题。题干:Gardner认为他的理论有____。利用题干关键词Gardner和theory可以定位到第五段“Gardner says that his theory is based on biology”,即“Gardner认为他的理论是基于生物学的”,所以B为正确答案。

第二篇

36.B。细节题。题干:音乐是以____形式录制进CD中的。由第一段中的In fact,he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers—a digital code可知,本题正确答案为B。

37.C。细节题。题干:第三段提及电子邮件是为了证明____。例子是为了证明文章的观点,该段的主题是Digital codes are used with many technologies,即数码在很多技术方面都得以运用,由此可知C为正确选项。A选项是混淆项,该项的中心词为variety(各种各样的形式),该段也确实罗列了电话、电邮等各种形式,但列举这些形式的目的也都是为了证明数码的有用性。因此C是最佳选项。

38.B。细节题。题干:CD-RWs和CD-ROMs的区别是____。第四段中有相关信息:CD-RW能重写,而CD-ROM能容纳很多信息,并能存储游戏和音乐等,因此B选项是正确答案:CD-ROM不能重写,只能保存。

39.C。细节题。题干:CD能持续很长时间如果____。从倒数第二段中Of course,you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them可知,CD寿命长需要得到很好的保管。故本题答案选C。B选项为混淆项,尽管是文章中的事实,但与题干并不吻合,即答非所问,故不能选择。

40.B。推理题。题干:从文中可推理得知____。除了B选项,其他选项均能在文中得到很明显的排除。而作者在文末说到“你仍然可以听你CD上最爱的音乐,玩CD-ROM上的电脑游戏”并不能推理得知作者也很喜欢听音乐。B选项是正确的,因为作者使用了“It may not be many more years...”,即有新技术指日可待,证明新技术正在研发中,因此本题答案为B。

第三篇

41.C。主旨题。题干:本文最好的题目是什么?尽管本文开篇讲到Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented,即音乐是最美丽的艺术表达形式,但从第二段开始列举各种频段的声音及其用途,因此全文首句只是个引子,真正的主题是sounds。故只有C选项全面描述了本文内容,其他选项均为某个细节的总结。

42.A。细节题。题干:作者陈述了音乐的什么内容?通过第二段中的Once sound exceeds this limit,even beautiful music will become car-splitting noise and harm health可知,音乐并非声音越大越好,一旦声音超过了某个限度,再美丽的音乐都将成为刺耳的噪音,伤害身体。因此本题答案为A。

43.D。细节题。题干:声音____是真的。通过第二段的前两句可知,正常声音的分贝在20-80之间,超过这个限度对人体健康有害。由此可知,超过80分贝的声音对健康有害是正确的。

44.D。细节题。题干:超声____。由第三段中的In nature,there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing.In physics,the sound that exceeds 20,000 hz is called ultrasonic(超声波的)可知,自然界中,有种声音是听不到的(beyond our hearing),因此超声是人们听不到的声音。故选D。

45.C。推理题。题干:从最后一段可知次声波____。根据最后一段可知,次声波与人体器官的频率相近,但对人体是否有害取决于声音的密度(intensity)。并由此可推理次声波可以被用来充当致命的武器,尽管目前科学家们只是在实验室里制造出了次声波武器。