附录5 全国职称英语等级考试答题卡
附录
附录1 常考介词短语
above all首先,尤其是
after all毕竟,究竟
ahead of time提前
ahead of在……之前
all at once突然,同时
all but几乎;除了……都
all of a sudden突然
all over again再一次,重新
all over遍及
all the same仍然,照样
all the time一直,始终
anything but根本不
apart from除……外(有/无)
as a matter of fact实际上
as a result(of)因此,由于
as a rule通常,照例
as far as...be concerned就……而言
as far as远至,到……程度
as follows如下
as for至于,关于
as good as和……几乎一样
as if好像,仿佛
as regards关于,至于
as to至于,关于
as usual像平常一样,照例
as well as除……外(也),既……又
as well同样,也,还
aside from除……外(还有)
at a loss困惑,茫然,不知所措
at a time一次,每次
at all costs不惜一切代价
at all events不管怎样,无论如何
at all times随时,总是
at all丝毫(不),一点也不
at any rate无论如何,至少
at best充其量,至多
at first sight乍一看,初看起来
at first最初,起先
at hand在手边,在附近
at heart内心里,本质上
at home在家,在国内
at intervals不时,每隔……
at large大多数;未被捕获的
at last终于
at least至少
at length最终,终于;详细地
at most至多,不超过
at no time从不,决不
at one time曾经,一度;同时
at present目前,现在
at sb’s disposal任某人处理
at stake处于危险之中
at the cost of以……为代价
at the mercy of任凭……摆布
at the moment此刻,目前
at this rate照此速度
at times有时,偶尔
back and forth来回地,反复地
back of在……后面
before long不久以后
beside point离题的,不相干的
beyond question毫无疑问
by accident偶然
by air通过航空途径
by all means尽一切办法,务必
by and by不久,迟早
by chance偶然,碰巧
by far到目前为止;远,非常
by hand用手,用体力
by itself自动地,独自地
by means of用,依靠
by mistake错误地,无意地
by no means决不,并没有
by oneself单独地,独自地
by reason of由于
by the way顺便说说
by virtue of借助,由于
by way of经由,通过……方法
due to由于,因为
each other互相
even if/though即使,虽然
ever so非常,极其
every now and then时而,偶尔
every other每隔一个的
except for除了……外
face to face面对面地
far from远非,远离
for ever永远;总是
for good永久地
for the better好转
for the moment暂时,目前
for the present暂时,目前
for the sake of为了,为了……的利益
for the time being暂时,眼下
from time to time有时,不时
hand in hand手拉手;密切关联
heart and soul全心全意地
how about……怎么样
in a hurry匆忙,急于
in a moment立刻,一会儿
in a sense从某种意义上说
in a way在某种程度上
in a word简言之,总之
in accordance with与……一致,按照
in addition to除……之外(还)
in addition另外,加之
in advance预先,事先
in all总共,合计
in any case无论如何
in any event无论如何
in brief简单地说
in case万一
in case of假如,防备,如果
in charge of负责,总管
in common共用的,共有的
in consequence(of)因此;由于
in debt欠债,欠情
in detail详细地
in difficulty处境困难
in effect实际上,事实上
in favor of支持,赞成
in front of面对,在……前
in general一般来说,大体上
in half两半
in hand在进行中,待办理
in honor of为庆祝,为纪念
in itself本质上,就其本身而言
in line with与……一致
in memory of纪念
in no case决不
in no time立即,马上
in no way决不
in oneself自身;本来;本质上
in order按顺序,按次序
in other words换句话说
in part部分地
in particular特别,尤其
in person亲自,本人
in place在合适的位置
in place of代替,取代,交换
in practice在实践中,实际上
in proportion to与……成比例
in public公开地,当众
in quantity大量
in question有问题的;讨论中的
in regard to关于,至于
in relation to关于,涉及
in return作为报答/回报/交换
in return for作为对……的报答
in short简言之,总之
in sight被见到;在望
in spite of尽管
in step with与……一致/协调
in step齐步,合拍
in tears流着泪,在哭着
in terms of根据,按照,在……方面
in that case在那种情况下,那样的话
in the course of在……期间/过程中
in the distance在远处
in the end最后,终于
in the event of如果……发生,万一
in the face of即使;在……面前
in the first place首先
in the future在未来
in(the)light of鉴于,由于
in the way挡道;妨碍
in the world究竟,到底
in time及时
in touch联系,接触
in turn依次,轮流;转而
in vain徒劳,白费力
instead of代替,而不是
just now眼下;刚才
little by little逐渐地
long before很久以前
many a许多
more or less或多或少,有点
no doubt无疑地
no less than不少于……;不亚于……
no longer不再
no more than至多,同……一样不
nothing but只有,只不过
now and then时而,偶尔
off and on断断续续,间歇地
off duty下班
on a large/small scale大/小规模地
on account of由于
on behalf of代表
on board在船(车/飞机)上
on business因公出差
on condition that如果
on duty上班,值班
on earth究竟,到底
on fire起火着火
on foot步行
on guard站岗,班
on hand在场,手边
on occasion(s)有时,或
on one’s guard警惕,提防
on one’s own独立,独自
on purpose故意地
on sale出售,降价出售
on schedule按时间表
on second thoughts经重新考虑
on the contrary正相反
on the grounds of根据,以……为由
on the other hand另一方面
on the point of即将……的时刻
on the road在旅途中
on the side另外;作为兼职/副业
on the spot在场
on the whole总的来说,总体上
on(the/an)average平均,通常
on(the)one hand一方面
on time准时
once again再一次
once in a while偶尔
once more再一次
once upon a time从前
once(and)for all彻底地;一劳永逸地
one another相互
n.one other than不是别的,而正是
or else否则,不然
or so大约,左右
other than非;除了
out of breath喘不过气来
out of control失去控制
out of date过时的
out of doors在户外
out of order出故障的
out of place不适当的
out of practice久不练习
out of sight看不见,在视野外
out of the question毫无可能的
out of touch不联系,不接触
out of从……中;由于;缺乏
over and over(again)一再地,再三地
prior to在……之前
rather than不是……(而是)
regardless of不顾,不惜
right away立即,马上
side by side肩并肩,一起
so far迄今为止
sooner or later迟早,早晚
step by step逐步地
such as例如,诸如
thanks to由于,多亏
that is(to say)就是说;即
to the point切中要害,切题
under control处于控制之下
under the circumstances这种情况下
up to date在进行中
up to多达;直到;胜任;取决于
what about怎么样
with regard to关于,至于
with respect to如果……将怎么样
with the exception of除……之外
without question毫无疑问
word for word逐字
附录2 常考形容词短语
be absent from不在,缺席
be abundant in富于
be alien to与……相反
be angry at/about sth.因某事生气,愤怒
be angry with sb.生某人的气,愤怒
be anxious about/for忧虑,担心
be applicable to适用于
be appropriate for/to适当,合适
be apt to易于;倾向于
be ashamed of羞愧,害臊
be available to sb.for sth.某人可用某物
be aware of意识到
be bound to do一定会……
be capable of能够
be careful of/about/with小心,注意
be certain of/about确信,肯定
be characteristic of特有,独特
be comparable to/with可比较
be conscious of察觉到,意识到
be content with满足于
be contrary to违反,与……相反
be crazy about热衷,着迷
be curious about好奇,想知道
be distinct from种类(风格)不同
be doubtful of/about怀疑
be equal to相等;胜任
be equivalent to等于,相当于
be essential to/for必不可少
be expert at/in/on善于
be faithful to忠实于
be familiar with sth熟悉,通晓
be fatal to致命的
be favorable for有帮助的
be fearful of惧怕
be fed up with厌烦,厌倦
be fit for适于
be fond of喜欢
be free of/from未受……
be guilty of有……罪的
be hungry for渴望
be ignorant of不知道
be(im)patient at sth.对某事(不)耐烦
be independent of不受……支配
be inferior to级别低于,不如
be innocent of无……罪,无辜
be jealous of嫉妒
be liable for对……有责任
be liable to易于
be loyal to忠于
be next to下一个,其次,在……旁边
be open to不限制,开放的
be opposite to在对面
be parallel to与……平等,类似
be patient with有耐心
be peculiar to独特的,独有的
be popular with受……喜爱,爱戴
be prior to在……之前
be prone to倾向于……,易于……
be representative of代表……的
be responsible for负责,是……原因
be rich in富于
be sensible of觉察到
be sensitive to对……敏感
be short of缺少
be sick of厌恶,厌倦
be similar to相似
be skilled at/in善于
be subject to受制于,易于
be sufficient for足够的
be suitable for/to适合于
be superior to优于,级别高于
be sure of/about对……有信心,确信
be suspicious of怀疑
be tired of对……不再感兴趣
be typical of是典型的,特有的
be vital to对……关系重大
附录3 常考名词短语
a memorial to sb/sth纪念
a pity for sb/sth可怜,怜悯
a preface to……的前言
a reply to sb/sth对……的回答
a response to对……的回答,反应
a solution to……的解决办法
a wish for欲望,愿望
an introduction to引言,介绍,入门
an invitation to邀请
be absence from缺席,不在
be absence of缺乏
be acquaintance with相识,了解
be candidate for候选人,人选
do damage to sth.损坏
get access to……的入口,通路
get balance between……之间的平衡
get collision with sb./sth.碰撞,与某人起冲突
give credit to sb.for sth.因某事赞扬某人
give service to服务,贡献
have/get enthusiasm about/for热情
have/show sympathy for对……的同情
have a taste in对……有鉴赏力
have advantage over对……有优势
have appeal to sb.for sth.呼吁某人做某事
have appetite for对……的欲望
have belief in对……的信仰,相信
have check on检查,阻止
have claim for sth.要求某事
have concern about/for/over担心
have demand for对……的需求
have desire for sth.渴望某事
have effect on对……的作用
have faith in对……的信任,信仰
have fancy for sth.喜爱某物
have gratitude to sb.感激某人
have hunger for渴望
have impact on/upon对……的撞击/影响
have influence on对……的影响
have investment in sth.投资某事
have loyalty to sb./sth.对某人/物忠诚
have passion for对……的强烈爱好,热爱
have patience with对……有耐心
have reaction to对……的反应
have reason for原因,理由
have reputation for以……著名
have request for sth要求
have sorrow at/for/over悲哀,悲痛
have the capacity of有做……的能力
have the trust in对……的信赖,信任
have/get answer to……的答案
keep contact with sb./sth.接触某人/物,联系某人/物
make comment on/about对……的评论
make complaint of/about报怨,控告
make compromise between/on折中/妥协
make contrast to/with sth.对比某物
make contribution to贡献,捐献,促成
make/do an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
make improvement on/in在……有改进,提高
make inference in/with干涉,阻碍
make preparation for准备
make reference to提及,参考
make remedy for补救,解决
put emphasis on对……的强调,注重
put stress on对……的强调
set barrier to设置对……的障碍
take glance at扫视
take responsibility for责任,负责
the entrance to……的入口,入场
the precaution against提防,防范
the preference for sth.喜爱某物
the prejudice against对……的偏见
the protest against sth.抗议某事
the ratio of sth.to sth.某物与某物的比率
the restraint on限制,约束
the supplement to sth.某物的补充,增刊
the tendency to sth.某事的趋势
附录4 常见的词根和词缀
常见前缀
anti-反抗,反对
auto-自己的,自动的
bi-双的
counter-反对,对应
de-向下,不
dis-相反
en-,-en使
ex-向外
im-(动词前缀)向内
im-,in-(形容词前缀)不
inter-相互,在内
mal-坏,不良
micro-微,微小的
mini-小的
mis-错的
anti-corruption(反腐败的),anti-war(反战的)
automation(自动),autobiography(自传)
bilateral(双边的),biweekly(双周刊)
counterclaim(反诉),counteract(抵消,中和)
decrease(减少)
dislike(不喜欢),disbelief(不相信)dishearten(气馁)
enforce(强迫,执行)
external(外部的),export(出口)
import(进口),imprison(入狱),implant(灌输)
impersonal(非个人的),immortal(不朽的),immature(不成熟的)
interlingual(语际的),intertwine(纠缠,交织)
maltreat(虐待),malnutrition(营养不良)
microphone(麦克风),microscope(显微镜)
minibus(小巴士),minimum(最小)
mistake(错误),mispronounce(发音错误)
multi-多的
non-否定
out-超过,过度
over-过度,超
post-在……后
pre-在……前
re-重;往后
semi-半
sub-的,亚,低于
trans-转换,横过
under-在下,不足
uni-单一的
un-否定
multinational(多国的),multilingual(多语的)
non-smoking(不抽烟的),nonstop(不断的)
outgrow(过大而不适于),outweigh(比……重),outnumber(人数上超过)
overwork(过劳),overdo(过度,夸张)
postwar(战后的),postmodernism(后现代主义)
pre-war(战前的),pre-liberation(解放前的)
re-read(再读),re-fill(再装,再填),recess(衰退)
semi-hemisphere(半球),semi-conductor(半导体)
substandard(次标准,亚标准),submarine(潜艇),submerge(下沉,淹没)
transcontinental(横跨大陆的),transform(变化)
underpay(少付……工资),underdevelop(欠发达),undersized(不够大的)
unilateral(单边的),uniform(统一),unique(唯一的,独特的)
unknown(无名的),unstable(不稳固的),unhappy(不高兴的,忧郁的)
常见后缀
-able,-ible有能力的
-age表示状态,性质
-ant,-ent(能动的)人,物
-dom性质,状态,行为
-ee表示动作的接受者
-er,-or执行动作的人
-ess表示阴性,雌性
-hood表示身份,性质
-ify使……化
-ish似……的
-ism表示:主义,学说
-ize,-ise,-yze……化
-less不,无,没有
-like有……性质的
-ness表示性质,状态
-ogy学科
-ous,-eous,-ious充满……的
-ward(s)表示方向
controllable(可控制的),sensible(明智的,有判断力的),
changeable(多变的)
wreckage(遭难),shortage(缺乏,不足),leakage(泄漏)
assistant(助手),agent(代理),accountant(会计)
kingdom(王国),freedom(自由),boredom(厌倦)
addressee(收件人),refugee(难民),examinee(应试者)
writer(作家),actor(演员),survivor(生还者)
tigress(母老虎),authoress(女作家),hostess(女主人)
neighborhood(邻里),manhood(成人)
simplify(简化),personify(拟人化),beautify(美化)
childish(孩子气的),girlish(姑娘似的),selfish(自私的)
modernism(现代化),tourism(旅游业),fatalism(宿命论)
modernize(现代化),analyze(分析),realise(实现)
useless(无用),doubtless(无疑),careless(粗心)
dreamlike(做梦似的)
friendliness(友好),kindness(仁慈),selfishness(自私)
biology(生物学),technology(技术)
dangerous(危险的),hazardous(危险的),courteous(有礼貌的)
seawards(向海边的),eastward(向东的),inward(向内的)