Theoretical reflection on industrial division and ...
According to the principles of industrial economics，a country ’s industrial development should follow the first industry，the second industry and the third industry，i.e.go through the stages of agricultural sector development，manufacturing industry development and service economy development respectively，and follow the so-called “Clark ’s industrial development and evolution law”.Therefore，in the practical development，the industrial development of any country should abide by the so-called “Clarke ’s industrial development and evolution law”，which gradually becomes the consensus of mainstream economics.In addition，according to the theory of globalization economy，the division of production internationalization and production integration is an important manifestation of economic globalization.In the process of internationalization of production，international investment and trade led by multinational companies as the important micro-subjects in the development of economic globalization should follow a basic rule:promoting the transfer of international industries，especially manufacturing industries，from developed countries to developing countries with resource advantages，factor advantages or market advantages.It is because such transfer is essentially in line with the logic of international division of labor and comparative advantages between developed and developing countries，that is，developed countries have comparative advantages in capital，technology，talents and management，while developing countries boast resource advantages，labor cost advantages and market advantages.Therefore，developed countries should transfer their manufacturing industries to developing countries，and developed countries themselves mainly develop service economy.Not only that，for a long time，industrial economics and international economics have taken this industrial division and transfer trend between developed and developing countries as the law of global industrial development.
However，from the perspective of practical development，there are two problems that cannot be ignored: First，the so-called “law” of industrial transfer and development has led to the hollowing out of industries in developed countries and aggravation of unemployment.Although the proportion of service economy has increased，the labor productivity and total factor productivity in developed countries have declined slowly due to the inherent “Baumol ’s cost disease” in service economy.Second，this so-called industrial transfer and international division of labor have objectively formed a pattern of division and separation of “resourcebased economy”，“production-based economy” and “consumption-based economy” in the world economy.This division pattern has eventually led to a structural imbalance of “savings-consumption” and the subsequent financial crisis and economic crisis.Therefore，today we need to rethink and reflect on the so-called “industrial transfer and international division of labor theory” in the last round of globalization.Is the rule of industrial transfer that developed countries transfer out their manufacturing industries and only develop service economy？ And should developing countries only focus on manufacturing industry？ We need to reconsider the relationship between the service economy and the manufacturing industry in the process of industrial structure upgrading and transformation.Especially in the face of today ’s integration of the Internet，manufacturing and service economy，industrial development has gained innovation in the integration of the second and third industries.New technologies have spawned many new formats，models and economies，which are very different from the analysis logic of the original single manufacturing or service industry.The economic globalization in the Internet era calls on us to reconsider the development mode of the industrial division of the world economy and the market interdependence principle，and to think about and correct the imbalance and hollowing out of the development and industrial structure of a country under the background of globalization.