Three Principles of the People in Urban Planning
The Three Principles of the People in the Greater Shanghai Plan were most significantly reflected in the planning and construction of urban road system，in which the construction of Zhongshan Road is the most important of all urban roads.
In response to cross-concession road construction，building a road within Chinese controlled districts in Shanghai from Zhabei to Nanshi around two concessions in Shanghai was under discussion andpreparation，but was not implemented.[37] After Huang Fu took office，“building a road around the concessions” became one of the specific ideas of his municipal construction.[38] On November 4，1927，at the 29th Municipal Meeting of Shanghai Special Municipal Government，the road was put on the agenda and named Zhongshan Road to commemorate Sun Yat-sen.In February 1928，the Shanghai Municipal Public Works Bureau determined the direction of the road，and began to organize land acquisition，grave removal and construction with the Shanghai Municipal Land Bureau.[39] On March 26，the commencement ceremony was held for Zhongshan Road；on April 18，the ground was officially broken；at the end of July 1929，the subgrade was completed；on July 12，1930，the bridge project was completed and the whole line was open to traffic.[40] At the commencement ceremony，the mayor Zhang Dingfan pointed out the six important meanings in the construction of Zhongshan Road： “First，Premier is the mentor of our revolution and the only leader of the KMT and the country.We build Zhongshan Road to commemorate our immortal Premier.Second，Premier had a plan for Greater Shanghai before his death，and now the military period in Shanghai has long passed，we should strive to engage in construction.The construction of Zhongshan Road is the most important work in the construction of Greater Shanghai Plan.Third，Premier advocated the policy of arranging for sacked soldiers before his death，which cannot only cut down the troops to reduce the damages，but also build roads to engage in the construction.With half the effort，we can achieve the goal.We build Zhongshan Road is to adhere to Premier ’s policy of taking advantage of sacked soldiers.Fourth，there are many inconveniences in travel and trade due to the split of concessions，especially the military restrictions.Once completed，Zhongshan Road would build a new era of traffic in Shanghai without passing through the concessions.Fifth，the cross-concession road construction in the west of Shanghai has not come to an end.Instead of building roads，our land is invaded by outsiders.Unequal treaty has not cancelled；we are suffering inequality outside the treaty.What a distress！ Zhongshan Road will be built from Zhabei Jiaotong Road to Longhua Temple，half around the concession，which can at least reduce the covetousness of outsiders for cross-concession road construction；sixth，Zhongshan Road is 13 kilometers long from the north to the south，about 22 huali.Now there is no such long road in Shanghai，making Zhongshan Road a great road never seen in Shanghai.”[41] From May 1930，the government began to build North Zhongshan Road，connecting Zhongshan Road in the south，winding to the northeast，passing through Shajing Port，and connecting Shuidian Road in the north，about 6,000 meters long，but the construction progress was slow.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War，the KMT government planned to build Zhongshan Road around the urban area.The originally planned North Zhongshan Road could not be included in the road system，so it was renamed Yixian Road.
In terms of the naming of other main roads，in addition to Xiangyin Road which uses the previous name，Huangxing Road and Qimei Road are to commemorate Huang Xing and Chen Qimei，while Shijie Road，Datong Road，Sanmin Road and Wuquan Road are to commemorate Sun Yat-sen ’s World Commonwealth，Three Principles of the People and Five-Power Constitution.In terms of the naming of secondary roads，as divided by Shijie Road，Datong Road，Sanmin Road and Wuquan Road，secondary roads including Zhongyuan Road，Huayuan Road，Minqing Road，Guokang Road，Shangda Road，Haitong Road，Shijing Road，Zhengtong Road，and Fuqian Road are named with the first character of Shanghai Municipal Government of the Republic of China （Zhong，Hua，Min，Guo，Shang，Hai，Shi，Zheng and Fu）.[42]
The Shanghai Special Municipal Government introduced the symbol of Sun Yat-sen into urban planning，thus endowing“legitimacy to projects based on more pragmatic considerations”[43]；moreover，the universal implementation of the Three Principles of the People in municipal space formed a specific ideological field to let the public accept the symbol of Sun Yat-sen and the enlightenment of the Three Principles of the People in their daily life.