Useful Words,Expressions and Sentences
Words and Expressions
1.秦腔 Qinqiang Opera
2.昆曲 Kunqu Opera
3.徽剧 Anhui Opera
4.豫剧 Henan Opera
5.越剧 Yue Opera
6.黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera
7.表演艺术家 masters of performing arts
8.哑剧、舞剧 pantomime
9.杂技（表演）acrobatics
10.小歌剧 operetta
11.绝技 stunts
12.闹剧；笑剧 farce
13.全部节目 repertoire
14.京剧人物脸谱 types of facial makeup in Beijing Opera
15.京剧票友 amateur performer of Beijing Opera
16.梨园 the operatic circle
17.生、旦、净、末、丑 male characters，female characters，“painted face” characters，middle-aged male characters，clown
18.唱、念、做、打 song，speech，performance，acrobatic fighting
19.杂技 acrobatics
20.哑剧 pantomime
21.折子戏 opera highlights
22.压轴戏 the last and best item on a theatrical programme
23.声腔 common systematic tunes of many varieties of Chinese opera
24.行当 type of roles
25.龙套 actor playing a walk-on part
26.亮相 strike a pose on the stage
27.自报家门 give self-introduction
28.三幕五场（剧）（a play） in three acts and five scenes
29.歌剧脚本 libretto
30.保留节目 repertoire
31.《贵妃醉酒》 The Drunken Beauty
32.《霸王别姬》 Farewell My Concubine
33.《牡丹亭》 The Peony Pavilion
34.武术 Martial Arts
35.剑术 sword play
36.棍术 staff
37.枪术 spear
38.格斗术 combat skill
39.太极拳 shadow boxing/Tai chi form
40.空手道 karate
41.散打 free combat
42.摔跤 wrestling
43.击剑 fencing
44.柔道 judo
45.匕首 dagger
46.器械对练 armed combat
47.内力 internal force
48.刚柔相济 both hard and soft
49.步法错乱 confused footwork
50.武术门派 styles or schools of martial arts
Sentences
1.戏曲是中国传统的戏剧形式，综合了对白、音乐、歌唱、舞蹈、武术和杂技等多种表演方式。
Chinese Opera is the traditional form of Chinese theatre,which combines dialogue,music,vocal performance,dance,Kung Fu,acrobatics,and so on.
2.中国戏曲是一种传统的舞台表演形式，融合哑剧、舞蹈、歌曲、对话、剑术和杂技等元素形成一个流畅、连续的整体。
The Chinese Opera is a traditional form of stage entertainment,weaving together elements of mime,dance,song,dialogue,swordplay and acrobatics into one fluid continuous flow.
3.中国戏曲与希腊戏剧和印度梵剧并称世界最古老的三大戏剧形式。
Chinese Opera is one of the three oldest theatrical art forms in the world,together with Greek Theatre and Indian Sanskrit Opera.
4.脸谱是京剧中最有特色的艺术。人物的年龄、职业和个性都通过不同的图案和颜色体现，每一种颜色都代表不同的特点。
Facial painting is a prominent feature of Beijing Opera,which shows the character’s age,profession and personality by using different patterns and colors.
5.每一种颜色都代表不同的特点——比如红色描绘人物的赤胆忠心，黑色体现人物忠耿正直，黄色表示人物剽悍或残暴，白色暗喻人物生性奸诈，紫色象征智勇刚义，蓝色喻义刚强勇猛，金色和银色多用于神、佛、鬼怪。
Each color symbolizes a certain characteristic: red for loyalty and uprightness; black for a rough,stern or honest nature; yellow for rashness and fierceness; white for cunningness and deceitfulness; purple for bravery and wisdom; blue for a daring and vigorous character; gold and silver for gods and demons.
6.昆曲以清柔委婉的唱腔、优雅细腻的曲调著称。它逐渐从苏州昆山地区遍布全国各地，成为从16世纪到18世纪末中国影响最大的剧种，受到了士大夫阶层和平民百姓的普遍欢迎。
Renowned for its gentle and clear vocals,beautiful and refined tunes,Kunqu Opera gradually spread from Kunshan region to the rest of China and dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th centuries,widely popular among gentry and common people.
7.中国戏曲有五种主要类型：京剧、豫剧、黄梅戏、越剧和粤剧。
There are five main types of Chinese Han opera: Beijing,Henan,Huangmei,Yue,and Cantonese Opera.
8.京剧是在吸收许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的，主要是从18世纪流行于中国南方的地方戏剧徽班中发展而来的，是集音乐、表演、文学、咏叹调、脸谱于一体的舞台艺术。
Beijing Opera is developed from absorbing many other dramatic forms,mostly from the local drama “Huiban” which was popular in South China during the 18th century.It is a scenic art integrating music,performance,literature,aria,and face-painting.
9.直到上个世纪初，所有的京剧角色都是由男性扮演。中华人民共和国成立之后，女性才开始在京剧中表演。
Up until the beginning of the last the century all the operatic roles are taken by men.It was not until after the founding of the People’s Republic of China that women began to act in Beijing Opera.
10.“生”是男性正面角色，“旦”是女性正面角色，“净”是性格鲜明的男性配角，“丑”是幽默滑稽或反面角色。
Sheng is the positive male role,dan is the positive female role,while jing is a supporting male role with a striking character and chou is the clown or a negative character.
11.人生如戏，你我都是戏中人，生、旦、净、丑，在人生的舞台上，一任岁月的蹉跎，各自演绎着属于自己的角色。
Life is like opera,you and I are human drama,health ,the day of the net,ugly,life on the stage,the last of the wasted time,their respective interpretations of their own role.
12.中国功夫是一项将技击寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国传统体育项目。
Chinese Kung Fu is a traditional Chinese sport which applies the art of attack and defence in combat and the motions engaged with a series of skill and trick.
13.中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修，蕴含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。
Chinese martial arts has a long history,with various sects and many different boxing styles,and emphasizes coupling hardness with softness and internal and external training,reflecting the ancient great thinkers’ pondering of life and the universe.
14.后世所称的十八般武艺，主要是指：徒手拳艺，如太极拳、形意拳、八卦掌等；器械功夫，如刀、枪、剑、戟，斧、钺、钩、叉等。
The skills in wielding the 18 kinds of weapons named by the later generations mainly involve the skills of bare-handed boxing,such as shadow boxing,form and will boxing,eight trigram palm,and the skills of Kung Fu weaponry,such as the skill of using swords,spears,two-edged swords,halberds and axes,tomahawks,hooks,prongs and so on.
15.有一套拳术叫“五禽戏”，相传是东汉时期的医学家华佗创制的，其招式就模仿了五种飞禽走兽的动作。
There is a series of free-hand boxing named “Exercises of Five Animals”,which is said to be invented by the medical scientist Hua Tuo in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Its movements imitate the motion of five kinds of birds and beasts.
16.“熊戏”模仿熊走路，练习时要表现出熊的沉稳彪悍。“虎戏”中眼随手动，反复的虎扑动作表现出老虎威武勇猛的神态。“猿戏”则要模仿猿敏捷灵活的特点：脚步轻灵。“鹿戏”的动作模仿鹿，如鹿转头顾尾的姿态，体现鹿的静谧恬然。“鸟戏”中挥舞双臂，表现出欲展翅凌云之势。
The Bear Exercises imitate the walking of bears.While practicing,the steadiness and doughtiness should be displayed.In the Tiger Exercises,the movement of one’s eyes should be coordinated with one’s hands.The repeated springs show the tiger’s mighty and valorous looks.The Ape Exercises imitate the ape’s nimble and flexible features with agile footsteps.The movements of the Deer Exercises imitate the posture of the deer when they turn back to look at their tails which shows the quietness and calmness of the deer.In the Bird Exercises,people are shaking their arms,showing the gesture of extending their wings in flight.
17.太极拳接受了道家 《易经》的思想，主张阴阳、虚实是在不停变化的。
Tai Chi Chuan has absorbed the thought of the Taoist School,Book of Changes,advocating the unceasing change of yin and yang,false and true.
18.中国人练武要求“站如松，坐如钟，卧如弓”。
When the martial arts are practiced by the Chinese,it is required that people should stand like a pine tree,sit like a bell,and lie like a bow.
19.内练精气神，外练筋骨皮。
There is a saying in Chinese martial arts,“Internally,spirit and breathing are practiced; externally,bones,muscles and skins are practiced”.
20.少林太极拳的最初目的是养生、治病、保护名山、保护古庙、自卫和击退敌人。
The original purpose of Shaolin shadowboxing was keeping health,treating illness,protecting famous mountains,safeguarding ancient temples,self-defense,and repelling enemies.
21.武术不仅以外在的形体美著称，如架势，动作以及技巧， 而且其内在美更为独特，被称为“生活之本，力量之源”。
Wushu is not only known for its external physical beauty,such as posture,movements and techniques,but also for its internal beauty,which is called the basis of life and source of power.
22.武术虽然是战斗风格，提倡的却是美德与和平，而不是侵略或暴力。这一直是武术世代相传的共同价值。
Although being fighting styles,Kung Fu advocates virtue and peace,not aggression or violence.This has been the common value upheld by martial artists from generation to generation.
23.李小龙不仅是一位伟大的运动员和武术家，同时他还拥有真正的巨星魅力，通过一系列的电影，他在现代电影史上留下了不可磨灭的印记。
Bruce Lee was not only an amazing athlete and martial artist but he possessed genuine superstar charisma and through a handful of films he left behind an indelible impression on the tapestry of modern cinema.
24.在中国武术中，枪与剑、刀、棍一起成为武术中的四大器械，而枪又有“百器之王”的美誉。
In Chinese martial arts,spear,sword,broadsword and stick are called the four important weapons in martial arts while spear gains the fame of “the King of weapons.”
25.剑轻巧美观，既便于携带，又具装饰作用，加上它还有攻防兼具的功能，故成为人们的一种特殊的佩饰。
Sword had become a special pendant due to its lightness and beauty in shape,the convenience for carrying,the role in decoration and the function of attacking and defending.