人名与主题索引
人名与主题索引
Abelard,Peter,78,79,229—30;Sic et Non,20,50
Aberdeen,university of,76,156—7,191n.2,193
Accursius,Bolognese jurist,61
Aix-en-Provence,university of,119,178,182
Albornoz,Gil,Cardinal,151
Alcalá,university of,157,185
Al Dschaafar,Viaticus,41
Alexander Ⅳ,pope,24n.4,27,28,34 n.2,94;ineptitude of,92—3;Quasi lignum vitae,92
Alfonso Ⅹ(the Wise),king of Castile,24,27,34
Alfred the Creat,96
All Souls College,Oxford,125,153 n.1
Alps,49
Anatomy,Bologna,44;Montpellier,44;Padua,44;Salerno,41,43—4
Andreae,Johannes,Bolognese canonist,63
Angers,university of,29,31,178,179,181,183 n.1
Arabic,medicine,41,42,44,47;philosophy,37,42,43;science,16,37,41,42,43,47
Aragon,27,35 n.2,184
architecture,9,10
Aretino,Cuido,teacher of logic,45
Arezzo,university of,57,73
aristocracy see nobility
Aristotle,4;‘New Aristotle’,11,16,17,42—3,107—8
arithmetic,9,10,11
ars dictaminis,ars dictandi see dictamen
ars notaria,ars notarie,222,223
artes liberales see seven liberal arts
Arthur,king,96
arts,13,15,17,18,24,25,30,35,37,46,61,77,78,89,91,97,101,126,127,131,133,135,136,146,154,182,198,199,200,207,208,210,211,212,214,216,223,224;faculty of,32,82,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,93,104,105,107,112,121,169,178,190,202,208,210,211,212,214,221,222;see also seven liberal arts
Arundel,Thomas,at Oriel College,Oxford,147 n.1
Arundell,John,logic notebook of,143 n.3
astronomy,9,10,12
Athens,22;philosophical schools of,21
Aurillac,Cerbert of,11
Authentic Habita,51—4,233
Autun,College of.Paris,132
Ave Maria College,Paris,204 n.4,205,207 n.8;charity of,150
Avignon,university of,179,181—2,199
Azo,Bolognese jurist,50,61 and n.1 bachelors,teaching functions of,210—12;see also degrees,university and under individual disciplines
Baghdad,41
Balliol College,Oxford,135,147 n.3
Balliol,John de,135 n.2,136
ballots(cedulae),at Bologna,69,72
Balsham,Hugh de,bishop of Ely,135
Bamberg Surgery,44
Barcelona,cathedral canons of,61 n.5;university of,185
Barnwell,monks of,110
Barnwell process,103
Bartolus of Sassoferrato Bolognese jurist,231—2
Bas,Ramón,185
Basel,university of,155
Bassianus,Johannes,Bolognese jurist,50,61 and n.1
batellarii(commoners),145:see also commoners
Bath,Adelard of,17
beans,voting,at Bologna,69
Beauvais,Vincent of,164 n.1,225
Becket,Thomas,82,97,98
bedel(s),university,105,106,112
Bedford,100
Beirut,law school,21,50,51
Benedict ⅩⅢ,pope,184
beneficiarii,Paris colleges,150
Bertrand,Pierre,Cardinal,132
Béthune,Eberhard of.Graecismus,16
Blois,Peter of,97
Bohemia.90,119,120,189,232;see also Prague,university of
Bologna,54,56,59,67,69;archdeacon of,59,70,71;bishop of,71;commune of,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,63,66,67,69,70,72,73
Bologna University,24,25,28,29,37,39,44,45,48—74,86,87,88,89,97,107,113,116,118,120,121,151,169—76,183,184,187,193,194,222;law doctors,50—74 passim,169—71,178,188,211;law students,48,52—74 passim,169—71;money lenders,changers,67;nations,55,60,62,67,68—9,70,72,86,87,89,179;organization,54—74 passim;origins and development,48—55,87;student guilds(universitates),48—74 passim,169—71,193;student power,55,60—7,169—74,176,188,193;see also chancellor,college(s),doctoral
Bons-Enfants de Saint Honoré,Collège des,Paris,127
Bons-Enfants de Saint Victor,Collège des,Paris,127
Bordeaux,university of,121
Bourges,university of,119,182
boycotting see student,boycotting
Bradwardine,Thomas,108
Bristol,100
Buoncompagno,dictator,59 n.1,222 bursa,198
burses see halls,hospices,hostels
business(‘useful’)studies,Italian universities,222;Oxford,223—5
Byzantine Empire,16
Byzantium,22
Caen,100;university of,121,178
Cahors,university of,29,121
Calabria,Urso of,Salernitan master,42—3
Calenda,Costanza,Salernitan doctor,40
Cambridge,111,153;schools of,110,111
Cambridge University,96,108,109,110—15,123,131,133,134,135,138,144,146 n.6,150,152—4,157,179,191 and n.1,216,225,226,227,228,237;and ecclesiastical control,102—3;organization,111—13;origins,96—7,110—11;status,111—14;statutes,111—13;see also chancellor and colleges,academic
canon law see law
Cantaber,Spanish prince,96
Canterbury,archbishoo of 154
Canterbury College,Oxford,158
Capella,Martianus,13;De Nuptiis Mercuriiet Philogiae,10
Carolingian renaissance,6—7,6 n.5
Cassiodorus,13;Institutiones,10
Castile,24,34,157,175
cathedral schools see schools
cedulae see ballots
Celestine Ⅲ,pope,80
cessation(s),university,Bologna,73 and n.4;Paris,92,93,95;see
also migration(s),academic
chamberdeacons,Oxford,133n.3
chancellor,120;Bologna,59—60,70;Cambridge,71,102—4,111,112,135,153;Leipzig,120 n.1;Lérida 184;Oxford,71,100,101—4,105,106,107,108,135,227;Paris,15,60,76,77,78,81,82—4,89,90,93,103,104,124 n.1,131,191 n.1;Prague,120 n.1;Rostock,120 n.1;Salamanca,184;Spanish universities,183;Valladolid,184;Würzburg,120 n.1
chancery,imperial,222;papal,221
chantries,colleges as,124—5
chapel royal,English,114
Charlemagne,96;educational policy of,6—7
Charles Ⅰ,king of Anjou,38 n.4,46,47
Charles Ⅳ,emperor,232
Charles Ⅶ,king of France,94,95
Charles Ⅷ,king of France,95
Chartres,schools,12,79;Thierry of,194
chess,212
Chester,Roger of,17
cbevalierès lois,cbevalier en lois,cbevalier en armes,seigneur ès lois,231
Christ's College,Cambridge,146
Cicero,5,13;De Oratore,5;doctus orator,5,8,12;liberal arts,9;views on education,5,7,19
civil(Roman)law see law
Clare College,Cambridge,136 n.1,138,146 n.5,147 n.3,149
Clement Ⅲ,pope,54
Clement Ⅴ,pope,29
Clement Ⅵ,pope,29
college-university,German and Scottish universities,120,154,156—7
colleges,academic,122—59,195,203—7,209,213,214,216,237;Cambridge University,114—15,131,132—50,151,152—4,205—7,226,228—9,237;charitable functions,124—6,148—50;English(see also Cambridge and Oxford),114,123,124,126,127,129,130,131,132—50,152—4,204—7;French provincial,124,151,152,154;German,123,154,155—6,193;Italian,124,151,199;Oxford,131,132—50,151,152—4,204,206—7;Padua,151;Paris,86,89,123,124,125,126—32,148,150,204,205,208;Scottish,123,154,155—7,193;Toulouse,151;records of,157—9
college(s),doctoral,Bologna,56,67,71,73;arts and medicine,70;law,58;theology,71;Salerno,38,43,46 collegium,23,38,43,46
Cologne,university of,199,121,155,191 n.2,192
Comestor,Peter,15
commensales(commoners),145,146,206,207;see also commoners
commensals(commoners),145;see also commoners
common law,English,222
commoners,mature,145—8,206—7,228;undergraduate,130,144—5,146;unprofitability of,148;see also batellarii,commensales,commensals,commorantes,communarii,pensionarii,pensioners,semi-commoners and sojournants.
commons(communes),145,198,204,206;at King's Hall,Cambridge,205—6
commorantes(commoners),145,146;see also commoners
communarii(commoners),145,146;see also commoners
commune(s),54—5,66,174,175,176,194,221;of Bologna,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,63,66,67,69,70,72,73,176,177,187;of Florence,174 n.2;of Modena,176;of Padua,172—3,176;of Pavia,202;of Siena,174;of Vercelli,176;of Vicenza,176
Conches,William of,194
congregatio,23,106—7
congregations,assembiles,at Bologna,63,67,69,70,86;at Oxford,106—7;at Paris,67,85,86,88,90;Toulouse,186
consiliarii,at Bologna,62,67,68,69,86,88
Constance,council of,114,217
Constantine the African,41,42,43;Pantegni of,41,44,45
Constantinople,imperial university of,21,50,51
Corbeil,Gilles of,43
corpus,23
Corpus Christi College,Cambridge,138
Courtenay,Richard,at Queen's College,Oxford,147 n.1
creditor see tutor(s)
Cremona,Roland of,92
Croyland,monks of,110
Cuneo,Guilielmus de,French jurist,233
Dacia,College of,Paris,128
dancing,4,212
d'Andeli,Henri,Battleof the Seven Arts,20
de Brie,Simon,papal legate,86 n.3
De commendatione cleri(probably by a German student at Paris)164 n.1,232
de Courcon,Robert,Cardinal Legate,82,208
De disciplina scholarium(probably by Elias of Trikingham),125,164 n.1
degrees,university,21,27,28,30,31,35,36,38,41,43,46,67,70,89,91,106,107,112,117,127,131,134,146,147,164,190,199 n.3,208,209—10,215,216,222,224,226,227,236;degree fees,198n.3,199 n.3,200
de Lucy,Geoffrey,Oxford chancellor,102
Dervorguilla,widow of John de Balliol,136
determinations(relating to disputations and degrees),131,199,208,211—12,214
De Vaux College,Salisbury,135 n.1
dialectic see logic
dictamen,18,196,197,221—4
dictator(es),196
Didascalion of Hugh of St Victor,78
discipline,university and college,24,36,88,104,106,112,130,132,133—4,140,186,190,212,213,223
dispensations see graces,university
disputations,65,82,86,112,130 n.2164,167,187,211,212,213—14,219,230;de quolibet,214
Dix-Huit,Collège des,Paris,126—7
Dôle,university of,119,121,182
Dominican see mendicant
Donatus,16
dress,costume,academic,82,112,199,200
Dublin,paper university of,118
Dubois,Pierre,164 n.1
du Fresne,Simon,canon of Hereford,12 n.1,17 n.2,97
East Anglia,111
ecclesiastical jurisdiction,and universities,22,23,48,54,59,75—84 passim,91,92—3,102—3,108,119—20,152—4,177—83,191n.1,235
Edward Ⅰ,king of England,29
Edward Ⅱ,king of England,29,114,153
Elizabeth Ⅰ,queen of England,134 n.3,142
Elphinstone,William,bishop of Aberdeen,156
Ely,bishop of,102,103,111,135,136,154;diocese of,111;monks of,110
England,98,101,103,124,126,130,131,133,137,148,150,157,204,217,218,221,222,225,226,227;universities of,15,71,97,104,108,109,114,115,130,132,135,138,148,189,192—3,217,227,228;see also Oxford and Cambridge
Erfurt,university of,121,155,166 n.4,191 n.2,200
Eton College,commensals at,145
Eugenius Ⅳ,pope,217
Eustace,bishop of Ely,111
examinations,college,209;university,24,27,31,45,46,58,59,89,209
exchequer,royal,114,205;chancellor,of,153
excommunication,sentence of,104
exemplar(s),215
Exeter,schools of,97
extension,university see business(“useful”)studies
extranei(as commoners),145,147;see also commoners,pensioners,and semicommoners
Faba,Guido,dictator,222
faculties,superior,24,25,32,37,84,85,86,106,107,122,128,134,135,146,203,212,227;see also law,theology and medicine
fees see degree fees and student fees(collectae);tutorial,140,144
fellows,college,122—59 passim,203—6,207,208,228,229
Ferrara,university of,174
fines,71;for lecturers,63—5,71,172,174 n.2
Fitzstephen,William,97
Florence,Thaddeus of,Bolognese anatomist,44;university of,66 n.3,71,119,n.2,174,186 n.3,187 n.3
formularies,196,223,224
France,39,98,124,126,151,177,179,180,182,183,189,218;civil war,94;imperial schools,6;States General,94;studia particularia of,30,34;universities,15—16,25,88,90,118,119,120,121,150—1,152,177—83,184,185,186—7,194,216,220;see also individual French universities
Franciscan see mendicant
Frederick Ⅰ,emperor,51—2,53,54
FrederickⅡ,emperor,25,38,45,46,47,57,175,183
Freiburg-im-Breisgau,university of,155,198,200 and n.1,4,201 n.2
Frugardi,Roger,Surgery of,45
Galen,41,43
gambling,212,213
Garland,John of,the Morale Scolarium,18,165
Gascoigne,Thomas,207,227
geomancy,97
geometry,9,10
Germany,200;universities,90,118,119,120,121,123,154,155,156,157,169,172n.6,189,192,193,199,200,201,203,216;see also individual German universities
Gerona,paper university of,118
Glasgow,university of,75,156,157,191 n.2
Godshouse,Cambridge,153
Goliards,166,230
Gonville Hall,Gambridge,138,146,n.4,153
graces(dispensations),university,106,210
Graeco-Roman,education,3,4-6,10,19,20;medicine,41,45,47
grammar,5,7,9,10,11,15,16,20,42,48,77,124,127,128,148—50,207—8,223;boys,youths,127,128,148—50,207—8
grammars,Latin verse,15—16
Gratian,the Decretum,51,52,211
Gray,William,at Balliol College,Oxford,147 n.1
Greek,athletics,4;dancing,4;education,3—4,9;literature,4;medicine,41,42,44,45,47;music,4;philosophy,12,37,42,43;science,16,37,42,43,47;see also Graeco-Roman
Gregory Ⅸ,pope,26,28,30,111,211;Parens Scientiarum,81,83,90
Greifswald,university of,155
Grenoble,university of,118
Grosseteste,Robert,102;and Oxford science,107—8
Guignicourt,Aubert de,college of,128
guilds,masters',at Paris,75—95 passim,191;student(universitates),at Bologna,48—74 passim,169—71,193;urban,23,55 and n.5,153,190
Hales,Alexander of,92
halls,hospices,hostels,123,124,134,140—1,143,196,197,200,206,209,213,214,237;at Cambridge,112,133 and n.1,134;at Oxford 133 and n.1,2,134,141,143,206;at Paris,86,130,131;principals of,134,140,141,143,198
Haly Abbas,medical encyclopaedia of,41
Heidelberg,university of,119,121,155,191 n.2,192
Henry Ⅰ,king of England,100
Henry Ⅱ,king of England,97,98,99
Henry Ⅲ,king of England,224
Henry Ⅴ,king of England,133 n.3
Henry Ⅵ,emperor,47
Hereford,Nicholas,at Queen's College,Oxford,206;Roger of,17;schools of,12,17,38,79,97
Hippocrates,41
history,7
Hohenstaufen ideology,52,53
Honorius Ⅲ,pope,26,59,84,87 n.2,126,175 n.3;Super Speculam,26—7
hostels,hospices see halls
Hostiensis(Cardinal Henry of Susa),canonist,26—7
Hôtel-Dieu,Paris,126
household,royal,114,139,158
Hubant,John de,150,204 n.4
Huesca,university of,185
humanism,7—8,11,13—15,18,19,20,126,163,167,168,201,219,225,231
Hundred Years War,89,115,126
Hungary,universities of,90
Ile de la Cité,Paris,77
imperium,22
inccption,83,91,131,199
informatores see tutor(s)
Ingolstadt,university of,155,200
Innocent Ⅲ,pope,26,82
Innocent Ⅳ,pope,24,26,27,92
interdict,papal,at Bologna,73
Investiture Contest,49,54
Irnerius,Bolognesc jurist,50,51
Isocratcs,4,9
Italy,16,39,45,47,48,49,54,55,56,66,119,124,151,173,174,175,176,177,179,183,189,194,218,221,225;
imperial schools of,6;studia
particularia of,30,34,49;universities of,25,35,46,118,120,150—1,176,177,178,179,180,184,185,199,202,220,221,222,225
ius non trabiextra,Ⅲ
ius ubique docendi,27—32,33;see also
licence,teaching
James Ⅱ,king of Aragon,184
Jcrusalem,127
Jesus College,Cambridge,146 n.s,228
Jocius de Londoniis,127
John,king of England,223
John ⅩⅫ,pope,28,113
Judaeus,Isaac,41
Justinian,Codex,52,211;Corpus Juris Civilis,50;Omnem,50
King's College,Cambridge,125,137,139,147 n.3,153,157 n.3,228
King's Hall,Cambridge,114—15,124,129,135,137,158;civillaw at,114—15;commoners,semicommoners and ex-fellow pensioners,144—8,147 n.Ⅰ,206—7;fellows'maintenance costs,159,205—6,207;as mixed society,139—40;room rents,206;size of,138,139;statutes of,125,138,208;and tutorial system,143—4;warden,master,of,114,135,137
Kingsmill,William,Oxford dictator,224
knights see scholar,profession of
landlords,72,133,233
Laon,Collège de,Paris,128;schools of,79
Lateran Council,Third,and teaching
licence,81
law,7,8,16,17—18,19,20,32,35,37,42,46,50,71,72,97,100,101,107,122,134,154,165,169,178,179,180,182,189,190,212,214,219,228,231,233;
canon,24,48,51,52,53,62,130,151,216,220,226,228,233;faculty of canon,25,82,84,87,112,126,129,130,137,211,227;civil(Roman),24,48,49,50,51,52,53,71,84,101,112,114,115,219,220,222,227,228,233;faculty of civil(Roman),25,126,211,227;see also Bologna,law doctors and law students
lccture room(s),64,134
lecturers(masters,teachers,professors),
university,24,27,28,30,32,39,40,41,42,43,45,46,47,48—74 passim,75—95 passim,96—121 passim,125,130,131,132,134,142,152,154,155,156,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,179,180,181,182,183,184,186,187,188,189,190,192,193,194,200,202—3,205,210,211,212,214,215,221,222,223,224,231,236,237;substitutes as,187,210,231
lectures,college,130,131,132,141—2,151,159;extraordinary(or cursory),64,210—11,212;hall,140—1;ordinary,64,132,134,141,210—11,212;university(public),63—4,65,67,82,86,90,112,172,184,187,199,200,209,210,213,214,215
lectureship(s),salaried,32,65,155,171,173,175—6,189,195;at Bologna,66,67,176;in northern Europe,31,154,202—3;in southern Europe,31,154,155,171,173,194,202;see lectures,college
Leipzig,university of,119,120 n.1,155,191 n.2,192,198
Lérida,university of,184—5,216
licence,teaching(licentiadocendi),24,28,29,30,31,38,40,46,59,78,81,82—3,85,93,102,104,131,179;notarial,222;see also ius ubique docendi
Lille,Gautier of,the Alexandreis,15
Lincoln,bishop of,99,100,102,103 and n.2,107,153,n.1;College of,Oxford,153 n.1;schools of,79,97
Link oping,College of,Paris,128
logic,dialectic,4,7,9,10,11,13,42,45,46,77,78,79,80,107,167,210,214,219,220,221,230;attractions of,19—20
Lombardy,49
London,100;schools of,97
Louis Ⅸ,king of France,127
LouisⅪ,king of France,95
Louis Ⅻ,king of France,90,95
Louvain,university of,155,202
Low Countries,universities of,90,119,120,189,192
Lucca,paper university of,118
Luzzi,Mondino di,Bolognese anatomist,44
Lyons,schools of,34
macebearers(clavarii),at Lerda,184
Magdalen College,Oxford,142,144,153 n.1
Maguelone,bishop of,180,185
Martin Ⅴ,pope,184
martinets,130
mathematics,16,17,211;at Oxford,107—8
matricula(or roll),134;matricula specialis at Bologna,70
matriculation,fees,200;registers,177,168,199
medicine,7,9,10 and n.2,16,17—18,20,46,112,151,165,169,178,190,212,228;Arabic,41,42,44,47;faculty of,24,25,32,39,82,84,87,122,129,134,214;Graeco-Roman,41,45,47;Greek,41,42,44,45,47;at Salerno,37—47 passim
Melfi,constitutions of,45
mendicant orders,123,185,230;at Bologna,70,71;at Cambridge,93;at Oxford,93,108,136;at Paris,84,91—4
Merseburg,bishop of,120 n.1
Merton,Walter de,149
Merton College,Oxford,108,124,135,136,139,140,142,145,147 n.3;parvuli at,149
Metalogicon,see Salisbury,John of
Michaelhouse,Cambridge,135 n.4,138,147 n.3
migration(s),academic,57,73 and n.4,77,92,97,98,99,101,111,117,118,172,180,195
minstrels,213
Modena,176
Monmouth,Geoffrey of,101
Monte Cassino,Alberic of,dictator 221;monastery of,41
Montlezun,College of,Toulouse,124 n.1,151
Montpellier,university of,24 n.4,29,31,34 n.1,39,44,116,178,179,180—1,182,183 n.1,186,211
Morley,Daniel of,17,101
music,4,9,10
Nantes,university of,118,119,121,182
Naples,university of,24,25,47,175,183
Narbonne,archbishop of,27;schools of,27
nations,151,183,191,213;Aberdeen,88,191 n.2;Angers,181;Bologna,55,67,68—9,70,72,86,87,89,170;German nation,60,62,67,72;Cambridge,104—5;Glasgow,191 n.2;Heidelberg,121,191 n.2;Leipzig,191 n.2;Montpellier,181,185—6;Orléans,185;Oxford,104—5,106,107;Paris,84,85,86,87—90,106,129,130:English-German nation,84,87,89 and n.4,192 n.2,198,199;Prague,191 n.2;St Andrews,191 n.2;Vienna,191 n.2
natural sciences,20,211;at Hereford,17;at Oxford,17,107—8
Navarre,College of,Paris,124,128,131
necessary regency system,141,154—5,173,203,212
Nene,river,105
Nequam,Alexander,of,101
Neville,George,at Balliol College,Oxford,147 n.1
New College,Oxford,125,137,138,139—40,142,147 n.3,153 n.1,157 n.3,204,208
Nicholas,cardinal bishop of Tusculum,Oxford charter of 1214,101—2
Nicholas Ⅳ,pope,29,34 n.1
nobility,aristocracy,4,124,201,203,231,232,237;in universities,62,71,72,121,167,168,169,190,201—2;at King's Hall,Cambridge,147 n.1;at Magdalen College,Oxford,144;at several Oxford colleges,174 and n.1 non-residence,beneficed clergy,26—7,33,227;bidshops,226,227
Northampton,100;schools,97,99,101
notaries,221,222,223
Notre Dame,Paris,canons of,77;cathedral of,60,77,78—9,80,81,126;chancellor of,15,60,76,77,78,81,82—4,89,90,93,191 n.1;clotre of,77,79;Parvis of,77;schools of,77,80,81
O,Simon,Oxford dictator,224
Odofredus,Bolognese jurist,50,61 and n.1,66
Orange,university of,117,121
oratory see rhetoric
Oriel College,Oxford,145,147 n.3,153 n.1,204,207
Orléans,cathedral school of,15;university of,19,20,29,31,113,178,179,181,182,183 n.1,185,199,211
Orvieto,paper university of,118
Oseney,abbey of,100;chronicle of,100
Oxford,97,98,99,100,101,204,224;archdeacon of,101,102
Oxford University,17,24 and n.3,25,29,31,39,96—109,110,111,113,114,116,123,131,133 and n.1,2,3,135 and n.1,138,141,150,152—4,157,179,191 and n.1,212,214,216,220,222—5,225,227;and ecclesiastical control,102—3,108;organization of,99,100—7;origins of,96—101,107;scientific movement at,107—8;statutes,106,112;see also chancellor and colleges,academic
Padua,university of,24,29,72 n.8,73,113,116,171—3,174,176,184,187,188,194;student power at,171—3,174,176,188
Palencia,university of,24,175,185
Palma,university of,185
papal hierocratic system(doctrine),49,51,52
Parens scientiarum,1231,Paris,81,83,90
Paris,22,78,79,80,97,98,101,150,194;archdeacon of,124 n.1,129;bishop of,77,81,82,83,191 n.1;parlement of,94;provost of,81;shools of,77 ff.,88,194
Paris University,15,17,20,24,25,26,28,29,30,31,37,39,42,43,59,71,75—95,96,97,98,99,101,102,104,105,107,108,111,113,116,120,121,123,125,126—32 passim,148,150,157,167,169,178,179,180,191,192,193,199 and n.3,202,203,208,216,232;and ecclesiastical jurisdiction,75—84 passim,91,92—3;masters'guild,60,67,75—95 passim;and mendicants,84,91—4;nations,84,85,86,87—90,106,129,130,192 n.2,198,199;organization of,67,68,81—91,93—4;origins of,77 ff.,87;statutes of,82,88,91,92,93;subjection to French monarchy,90,94—5,118;see also chancellor and colleges,academic
parvuli,at Merton College,Oxford,149
pauperes see students,poor
Pavia,schools of,49;university of,117,174,187 n.4,202
pecia(e),215
Pécs,university of,50 n.1
Pembroke College,Cambridge,136,138
pensionarii(commoners),146;see also commoners
pensioners,ex-fellow,145;at King's Hall,Cambridge,147;undergraduate,130;see also commoners
Pepo(?),Italian jurist,51
per(b)endinantes(commoners),146;see also commoners
Perpignan,university of,33 n.5,121,185,216
Perugia,university of,174
Peterhouse,Cambridge,135,136,138,142,146 n.3,147 n.3,149
Petit-Pont,shools of,Paris,77
petitions,university rolls of,for benefices,216—17
pets,212—13
Philip Ⅱ(Augustus),king of France,79,84 n.2;charter of 1200 for Paris,80,81,101—2
Philip Ⅳ,king of France,185
philosophy,4,11,12,37,42,43,46,91,220,228,229
Piacenza,university of,175
Pisa,university of,73,174
plague,73
Platearius,Matthaeus,Salernitan writer and teacher,40,42,n.3
Plato,4,9;Republic,9
plays,Latin,in collèges,213
plein exercice,Collèges de,Paris,131
poems,Latin epic,15
popetry,7
Poitiers,university of,119,182
Poland,90
political theory(science),7
Portugal,118
poverty,student see students,poor and student,poverty
Prague,archbishop of,120 n.1;university of,33 n.4,117,118,119,120 and n.1,191 and n.2
principals see halls
printing,216
Priscian,16
privilegium clericorum,52
privilegium fori,80
privilegium scbolarium,52
privy seal,writ of,137
proctor(s),at Bologna,60,67;at Oxford,105,106
procurators(or rectors),at Balliol College,Oxford,136
Provence,Ponce de,dictator,18
Provisors,Statute of,217
Ptolemy,Almagest,42
public good,interest,utility,233—4
Pullen,Robert,100—1
puncta,at Bologna,64,65
quadrivium subjects,8,10,11,13,17 n.2,107,211
quaestio(nes),164 n.3,211,214
Queen's College,Oxford,125,137,147 n.3,148,150,153 n.1,206
Queens'College,Cambridge,228
Quintilian,5,13;Institutio Oratoria,5;views on education,5,19
Ravenna,schools of,49
RaymondⅦ,count of Toulouse,175—6
Rebuffus,Petrus,232
rector(magisterial or student),53,104,105,112,136,186;at Aberdeen,88;at Bologna,55,57,58,61,62,64,65,67,68,69,70,71—3,86,104;at Florence,174 n.2;at German universities,120—1;at Lérida,184—5;at Padua,172;at Paris,71,84,85—6,88,90,94,124 n.1,129;at Salamanca,184;at Valladolid,184
rectors,at Pembroke College,Cambridge,136
Reformation,English,130,140
Regimen Sanitatis Salernitum(or Scbola Salernitana),40,45
rents,82,112,233;room,in colleges,206—7
Revolution,French,132
Rheims,Richer of,39;schools of,34,38,79
rhetoric,4,5,7,8,10,11,18,19,48,97,220—1
Richard Ⅰ,king of England,99
Roes,Alexander of,22 n.2
Roman,education,3,4,5;Empire,5,6,10,48,220;imperial schools,5,6;mosmaiorum,4;paterfamilias,4;Republic,4;see also law,civil(Roman)
Rome,4,5,22,27,49,50,93,112;university of the Court of,24,26,27,175
Roncaglia,52
Rostock,university of,119,120 n.1,155,192
sacerdotium,22
St Andrews,university of,76,156,157,191,n.2
St Augustine,8,9—10,13;De Doctrina Cbristiana,10
St Catharine's College,Cambridge,125,148,226,228—9
St Cher,Hugh of,92
St Frideswide's,monastery of,100
St Geneviève,Paris,abbot of,78;collegiate church of,77;schools of,77
St George-in-the-Castle,canons secular of,100;provost of,101
St Giles,John of,92
St Thomas du Louvre,Collège de,Paris,127
St Victor,abbey of,Paris,77,78;Hugh of,78,225;schools of,77,78
Salamanca,university of,28,34 n.2,183—4,185,216
salaries,university see lectureship(s),salaried
Salerno,39,41,45,47;school or protouniversity of,25,37—47;anatomy at,41,43—4;medical literature at,39,40,41,42,43,44;medical practice at,39,40,41,42,43—5;organization of,38—9,43,45—7;origins,of,39 ff.;philosophy and science at,37;surgery at,40,41,44—5
Salisbury,cathcdral of,135 n.1
Salisbury,John of,9 n.3,18,82,98,100—1,225;attitude to logic,19;Metalogicon,12
Sampson,Thomas,Oxford dictator,224
San Bartolomé,colegio viejo de,Salamanca,151
Saragossa,university of,185
Sareshel,Alfred of,17
Scandinavia,universities of,90,118,120,189
Schism,Great,94,108,216
scholar,profession of,229—32,233,237;distinct from knighthood,230—1;equivalent to knighthood,231—2
scbolasticus,at Angers,181;at Salamanca,184 and n.1
schools,Anglo-Saxon,6;Arabic,22;Byzantine,22;cathedral,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,17,28,38,77,78,79,81,96,97,107,135 n.1;Graeco-Roman,22;see also Graeco-Roman,education;Greek,22;see also Greek,education;Iberian,6;Irish,6;mendicant,91,92;monastic,11;nation(Paris),89;Roman imperial,5,6;theological,26,77;urban(municipal),7,8,11,14;see also individual towns and studium particulare
Schwerin,bishop of,120 n.1
science,16,108;Arabic,16,37,41,42,43,47;Greek,16,37,42,43,47
Scotland,120,218;bishops of,76;universities of,76,90,118,120,123,154,155,156,157,189,192,193
seigneur ès lois see cbevalier ès lois
Seine,river,77
semi-commoners,mature,145—8,206—7;undergraduate,144—5
sermons,117;on students,15,164,165
servants,of college fellows,159;of commoners,207;poor students as,199,200;of students,53;university,71,72
seven liberal arts,9—13,9 n.3,19,78,97
Seville,Isidore of,Etymologiae,10
Seville,university of,27
Sicily,16,17,39,45
Siena,university of,73
Siete Partidas,on studium generale,24—5;on studium particulare,34
Sigüenza,university of,185
simony,academic,187
Skara House,Paris,128
societates,at Bologna,56
Soissons,college at,128
sojournants(commoners),146;see also commoners
Sophists,4
Sorbon,Robert de,advice to students,167;College of the Sorbonne,127,151,167
Sorbonne,College of,Paris,124 n.1,127,129,131,135,150
Southampton,100
Spain,16,17,99,151,189,193;College of,Bologna,151;universities of,90,118,120,151,183—5,216
Stampensis,Theobaldus,at Oxford,100 stationarii,at Bologna,72 n.3
statutes,21,60,61,117,157—8,179,186,210,213,215;Bologna city,58 and n.1,70,72;Bologna,arts and medicine,63;Bologna,German nation,60;Bologna,jurist,58,63,64,65,69,70,71,72,170,211;Cambridge University,111—13;Florence University,174;Lérida University,185;Montpellier University,211;Oxford University,106,112,223;Padua University,jurist,172,174;Paris University,82,88,91,92,93,208:English-German nation,89 n.4,208:French(Gallican)nation,89 n.1;Pavia University,174,187 n.4;Salamanca University,184;Salerno,46,47;Valladolid University,184;colleges,Cambridge,135,136,138,146,149;Oxford,135,136,137,138,142,144,146,149—50;Paris,132;others and general,122,123,147,149,151,157—9,205,208,209,213
student(undergraduate),accommodation,130,133,134,140—1,197,199,200,233;age,61—2,178,190,207—9;attitudes,163—7,179—80,190—1;boycotting,64,65,72,171,173,195;diversions,severely restricted,212—13;fees(collectae),62—3,64,65 and n.3,66,155,171,173,199;letters,164,196—8;life,24,55,73—4,168,172 n.6,196—217;origins,62,167—9,190,198;poverty,125,169,196—201,200 n.1;power,55,60—7,152,163—95,236—7;worldliness,18,165
students,chs.1—9 passim;lay,48,49,52,62,119;poor(pauperes),125,126,127,148—50,169,196—201,200 n.1;and university studies,165,166—7,209—12,213—16,236
studium(studia),22—7 passim,32—5 passim,48,53—60 passim,63,66—73 passim,75,79,82,84—95 passim,98,99,101,103,104,106,107,108,110,111,113,114,116,117—21 passim,130,131,139,141,151,152,154,156,168,170—85 passim,190—4 passim,199,200,201,202,203,209,211,212,216,222,225,232,233,237;commune,24,101;solempne(or solemne,solenne),24;specialis,27;universale,24;see also studium generale and studium particulare studium generale(studia generalia),26,27,28,29,33—4,36,37,38,47,49,51,74,79,80,83,96,97,98,99,101,113,157,172,185,216;meaning of,23—6,32—3;privileges of,26—33;ex consuetudine,29,34,101,112,113;respecturegni,25,113
studium particulare(studia particularia),25,27,30,34—5,35 n.2
Super Speculam,1219,26—7
surgery,at Salerno,40,41,44—5
syllabus,5,6;university,64,167,213 ff.syndics,at Bologna,71
teachers,university see lecturers
teaching methods and university studies,24,67,165,166—7,209—12,213—16,236
Templars,214
Theodosius,emperor,50
theology,8,10,11,12,20,26,27,37,42,71,77,78,79,91,92,93,94,97,100,101,107,126,127,129,131,151,154,164,165,212,216,219,220,227,228,229,234;faculty of,24,25,32,70,71,82,84,87,91,92,93,112,122,129,134,137,214
timetable,academic,89,106
Tiptoft,John,at University College,Oxford,147 n.1
Topograpbia Hibernica of Gerald of Wales,101
Toulouse,175;parlement of,186,187;university of,24 and n.2,25,28,29,30,124 n.1,151,175,186,187 and n.1,3,4,213
Tours,Berengar of,11;schools of,79
tradesmen,serving universities,53,72 and n.3
translatio studii,22
trattatores(or sollecitatores),at Padua,172
treatises,educational,5,10,11,12,13,18,78,125,163—4,164 n.1,225,229—33
Trevisa,John,at Queen's College,Oxford,145 n.6
Treviso,university of,117
Trinity College,Cambridge,146 n.5
Trinity Hall,Cambridge,136 n.1,138
trivium subjects,10,11,17 n.2
Trottus,Salernitan doctor,40
Trotula,(P),woman doctor of Salerno,tradition of,40
Trotula,treatise on gynaecology,40,45
Troy,96
Troyes,treaty of,94
Tubingen,university of,155
tutor(s),college,143—4;private,201
tutorial system,colleges,140,141,142—4,145—6,159;halls,141
universitas,meaning of,22—3
universitas magistrorum etscolarium,at Paris,82
universitas scolarium,at Bologna,57
universities,paper,116 n.2,118
University College,Oxford,135,145,207
Upsala,College of,Paris,128
Urban Ⅴ,pope,103
urban(municipal)schools see schools
Vacarius,Italian jurist,101
Valence,Mary de,countess of Pembroke,136
Valence,university of,118,119,182
Valencia,35 n.2;physician of,213;university of,24,27,185
Valladolid,university of,184
Varro,De Novem Disciplinis,9,10,13
Vendôme,Matthew of,the Tobias,15
Venice,187
Vercelli,university of,23,24,172,175
Verdale,College of,Toulouse,151
Vespasian,emperor,5
Vicenza,university of,57,73,175
Vidal Gautier,College of,Toulouse,124 n.1.151
Vienna,university of,119,120,155,191 and n.2.198,200
Villedieu,Alexander of,the Doctrinale,15,16
Vitry,Jacques de,sermons of,15
Wales,Gerald of(Giraldus Cambrensis),12 n.1,101
Warwick,100
Waynflete,William,bishop of Winchester,commoners at Magdalen College,Oxford,145—5
Wells,Hugh of,bishop of Lincoln,102
Wenceslas,king of Bohemia,118
Wodelarke,Robert,and St Catharine's College,Cambridge,148,226,228—9
Woodstock,palace of,100
Worcester,100
Würzburg,bishop of,120 n.1;university of,119,120 n.1
Wyclif,John,at Queen's College,Oxford,206
Wykeham,William of,at New College,Oxford,139,142—3;and tutorial system,142—3
York,schools of,79,97