参考文献

参考文献

[1]Cilli F，Mahirogullari M，Inan M，et al.Parachuting injuries：a retrospective study of43，690 military descents[J].Balkan Military Medical Review，2006，9（4）：144147.

[2]Hewett T E，Myer G D，Ford K R，et al.Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes[J].The American Journal o f Sports Medicine，2005，33（4）：492501.

[3]Grood E S，Suntay W J.Ajoint coordinate system for the clinical description of three-dimensional motions：application to the knee[J].Journal of Biomechanical Engineering，1983，105（2）：136144.

[4]Hollman J H，Deusinger R H，Van Dillen L R，et al.，Knee joint movements in subjects without knee pathology and subjects with injured anterior cruciate ligaments[J].Physical Therapy，2002， 82（10）：960972.

[5]Blankevoort L，Huiskes R，de Lange A.Helical axes of passive knee joint motions[J].Journal of Biomechanics，1990，23（12）：12191229.

[6]Iranpour F，Merican A M，Baena F R，et al.Patellofemoral joint kinematics：the circular path of the patella around the trochlear axis[J].Journal of Orthopaedic Research，2010，28（5）：589594.

[7]Coughlin K M，Incavo S J，Churchill D L，et al.Tibial axis and patellar position relative to the femoral epicondylar axis during squatting[J].The Journal of Arthroplasty，2003，18（8）：10481055.

[8]Mesfar W，Shirazi-Adl A.Biomechanics of the knee joint in flexion undevarious quadriceps forces [J].The Knee，2005，12（6）：424434.

[9]Moglo K E，Shirazi-Adl A.Cruciate coupling and screw-home mechanismin passive knee joint during extension-flexion[J].Journal of Biomechanics，2005，38（5）：10751083.

[10]Wilson D R，Feikes J D，O'Connor J J.Ligaments and articular contact guide passive knee flexion [J].Journal of Biomechanics，1998，31（12）：11271136.

[11]Li G，Suggs J，Gill T.The effect of anterior cruciate ligament injury on knee joint function under a simulated muscle load：a three-dimensional computational simulation[J].Annals of Biomedical Engineering，2002.30（5）：713720.

[12]Yao J，Snibbe J，Maloney M，et al.Stresses and strains in the medial meniscus of an ACLdeficient knee under anterior loading：a finite element analysis with image-based experimentalvalidation[J]. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering，2006，128（1）：135141.

[13]Yao J，Funkenbusch P D，Snibbe J，et al.Sensitivities of medial meniscal motion and deformation to material properties of articular cartilage，meniscus and meniscal attachments using design of experimentsmethods[J].Journal of Biomechanical Engineering，2006，128（3）：399408.

[14]Haut Donahue T L，Hull M L，Rashid M M，et al.How the stiffness of meniscal attachments and meniscal material properties affect tibio-femoral contact pressure computed using a validated finite element model of the human knee joint[J].Journal of Biomechanics，2003，36（1）：1934.

[15]Haut T L，Hull M L，Howell S M.Use of roentgenography and magnetic resonance imaging to predict meniscal geometry determined with a three-dimensional coordinatedigitizing system[J]. Journal of Orthopaedic Research，2000，18（2）：228237.

[16]王岩，周飞虎，周勇刚，等.国人正常膝关节三维几何形态测量及相关研究[J].中国矫形外科杂志， 2004，12（8）：617619.

[17]Au A G，Raso V J，Liggins A B，et al.Athree-dimensional finite element stress analysis for tunnel placement and buttons in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions[J].Journal of Biomechanics， 2005，38（4）：827832.

[18]Taylor M，Tanner K E，Freeman M A.Finite element analysis of the implanted proximal tibia：a relationship between the initial cancellous bone stressesand implant migration[J].Journal of Biomechanics，1998，31（4）：303310.

[19]Katchburian M V，Bull A M，Shih Y F，et al.Measurement of patellar tracking：assessment and analysis of the literature[J].Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research，2003，（412）：241259.

[20]Fukubayashi T，Kurosawa H.The contact area and pressure distribution pattern of the knee.A study of normal and osteoarthrotic knee joints[J].Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica，1980，51（6）：871879.

[21]Hootman J M，Albohm M J.Anterior cruciate ligament injur y prevention and primary prevention of knee osteoarthritis[J].Journal of Athletic Training，2012，47（5）：589590.

[22]Louboutin H，Debarge R，Richou J，et al.Osteoarthritis in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture：a review of risk factors[J].The Knee，2009，16（4）：239244.

[23]Lyman S，Koulouvaris P，Sherman S，et al.Epidemiologyofanterior cruciate ligament reconstruction：trends，readmissions，and subsequent knee surgery[J].The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.American Volume，2009，91（10）：23212328.

[24]Hootman J M，Dick R，Agel J.Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15sports：summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives[J].Journal of Athletic Training，2007，42（2）：311319.

[25]Yagi M，Wong E K，Kanamori A，et al.Biomechanical analysis of an anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction[J].American Journal of Sports Medicine，2002，30（5）：660666.

[26]Kondo E，Merican A M，Yasuda K，et al.Biomechanical comparison of anatomic double-bundle， anatomic single-bundle，and nonanatomic single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions[J].American Journal of Sports Medicine，2011，39（2）：279288.

[27]Oiestad B E，Holm I，Aune A K，et al.Knee function and prevalence of knee osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction：a prospective study with 10to 15years of follow-up[J]. The American Journal of Sports Medicine，2010，38（11）：22012210.

[28]Kopf S，Martin D E，Tashman S，et al.Effect of tibial drillangles on bone tunnel aperture during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction[J].The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.American Volume，2010，92（4）：871881.

[29]Pombo M W，Shen W，Fu F H，Anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction：where are we today？[J].Arthroscopy，2008，24（10）：11681177.

[30]van Eck C F，Lesniak BP，Schreiber V M，et al.Anatomic single- and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction flowchart[J].Arthroscopy，2010，26（2）：258268.

[31]Xu Y，Ao Y，Wang J，et al.Relation of tunne l enlargement and tunnel placement after single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction[J].Arthroscopy，2011，27（7）：923932.

[32]Jagodzinski M，Foerstemann T，Mall G，et al.Analysis of forces of ACL reconstructions at the tunnel entrance：is tunnel enlargement a biomechanical problem？[J].Journal of Biomechanics， 2005，38（1）：2331.

[33]Peña E，Calvo B，Martinez M A，etal.Influence ofthe tunnel angle in ACL reconstructions on t he biomechanics of the knee joint[J].Clinical Biomechanics，2006，21（5）：508516.

[34]Kutzner I，Heinlein B，Graichen F，et al.Loading of the knee joint during activities of daily living measured in vivo in five subjects[J].Journal of Biomechanics，2010，43（11）：21642173.

[35]Boyd S K，Muller R，Zernicke R F.Mechanical and architectural bone adaptation in earlystage experimental osteoarthritis[J].Journal of Bone and Mineral Research，2002，17（4）：687694.

[36]Castañeda S，Roman-Blas J A，Largo R，et al.Subchondral bone as a key target for osteoarthritis treatment[J].Biochemical Pharmacology，2012，83（3）：315323.

[37]Radin E L，Abernethy P J，Townsend P M，et al.The role of bone changes in the degeneration of articular cartilage in osteoarthrosis[J].Acta Orthopaedica Belgica，1978，44（1）：5563.

[38]Radin E L，Rose R M.Role of subchondral bone in the initiation and progression of cartilage damage[J].Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research，1986，（213）：3440.

[39]Siebold R.Observations on bone tunnel enlargement after double-bundle anterior cruciat e ligament reconstruction[J].Arthroscopy，2007，23（3）：291298.

[40]Mae T，Shino K，Nakata K，et al.Optimization of graft fixation at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Part I：effect of initial tension[J].The American Journal of Sports Medicine，2008，36（6）：10871093.

[41]Yasuda K，Tsujino J，Tanabe Y，et al.Effects of initial graft tension on clinical outcome after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Autogenous doubled hamstring tendons connected in series with polyestertapes[J].The American Journal of Sports Medicine，1997，25（1）：99106.