考试大纲要求及试卷结构
根据《全国医学博士外语统一考试英语考试大纲》（以下简称《考试大纲》）的有关规定，试卷中的听力部分包括两个模块：Section A和Section B。答题时间共约30分钟，听力部分共计30分。
Section A为简短对话，旨在测试考生的英语听力能力。考试过程中，考生会听到每个简短对话和之后的提问，对话及问题只读一遍。然后，考生有12秒的作答时间，根据所听题目和对话，从四个选项中选出最佳答案。此部分共15个小题，每题1分，共计15分。
我们先来看看2015年的真题的Section A部分：
1.A.How to deal with his sleeping problem.
B.The cause of his sleeping problem.
C.What follows his insomnia.
D.The severity of his medical problem.
2.A.To take the medicine for a longer time.
B.To discontinue the medication.
C.To come to see her again.
D.To switch to other medications.
3.A.To take it easy and continue to work.B.To take a sick leave.
C.To keep away from work. D.To have a follow-up.
4.A.Fullness in the stomach .B.Occasional stomachache.
C.Stomach distention. D.Frequent belches.
5.A.Extremely severe. B.Not very severe.
C.More severe than expected. D.It’s hard to say.
6.A.He has lost some weight. B.He has gained a lot.
C.He needs to exercise more.D.He is still overweight.
7.A.She is giving the man an injection.
B.She is listening to the man’s heart.
C.She is feeling the man’s pulse.
D.She is helping the man stop shivering.
8.A.In the gym. B.In the office.
C.In the clinic. D.In the boat.
9.A.Diarrhea. B.Vomiting.
C.Nausea. D.A cold.
10.A.She has developed allergies.
B.She doesn’t know what allergies are.
C.She doesn’t have any allergies.
D.She has allergies treated already.
11.A.Listen to music. B.Read magazines.
C.Go play tennis. D.Stay in the house.
12.A.She isn’t feeling well. B.She is under pressure.
C.She doesn’t like the weather. D.She is feeling relieved.
13.A.Michael’s wife was ill.
B.Michael’s daughter was ill.
C.Michael’s daughter gave birth to twins.
D.Michael was hospitalized for a check-up.
14.A.She is absent-minded. B.She is in high spirits.
C.She is indifferent. D.She is compassionate.
15.A.Ten years ago. B.Five years ago.
C.Fifteen years ago. D.Several weeks ago.
录音原文：
1.M：What about the problem that I haven’t been sleeping？
W：I’m going to give you a prescription
to help you get a better night’s sleep.
Question：What does the man want to know？
2.M：How long should I take them？
W：The prescription is for 30 days.If you’re still feeling depressed after 30 days，I’d like you to come back in.
Question：What does the woman advise the man to do if his problem continues？
3.W：Doc，should I stay away from work？
M：No，I don’t think that’s necessary.Just remember to stay calm.
Question：What does the man tell the woman to do？
4.M：How long have you been having this problem？
W：It started in June，so for more than 5 months now.My stomach hurts after some meals but not always.
Question：What does the woman complain of？
5.M：How strong is the pain exactly？On a scale of 1-10，how would you describe the intensity of the pain？
W：Well，I’d say the pain is about a 2 on a scale of 1-10.Like I said，it’s not really bad.It just keeps coming back.
Question：How severe is the pain？
6.W：You don’t seem to be overweight.
M：No，not really.But if I run up a flight of stairs，it takes me a while to get my breath back.I need to work out more.
Question：What does the man mean？
7.M：Wow，that’s cold！
W：Don’t worry，it’s just my stethoscope.
Question：What is the woman doing？
8.M：OK，everything looks ship-shape.
W：Great！When should I come again for a physical？
Question：Where did this conversation probably take place？
9.M：I’m so sick in my stomach！
W：That’s too bad.Have you been to the toilet？Any diarrhea or vomiting？
M：I’ve been to the toilet twice.But no diarrhea or vomiting.Perhaps I should drink something.Can I have a cup of hot tea？
Question：What is the man suffering from？
10.M：How about allergies？
W：Not that I’m aware of.
Question：What does the woman mean？
11.M：Louise，what are you doing now？
W：Oh，just listening to music，looking through magazines.
M：Staying in the house on a nice day like this？Come on，let’s go play tennis.
W：Oh great！You made my day.
Question：What is the woman going to do？
12.M：Are you having any problems like weakness，fatigue，or headaches？
W：Well，I certainly felt under the weather.
Question：What does the woman mean？
13.M：I saw Michael with his wife this morning，in the obstetrics and gynecology department.Is his wife ill？
W：No，she called me just now.Guess what？Their daughter has just had twins.They were there for her.
Question：What can we learn from the conversation？
14.W：Here’s an extra blanket.Let me tuck you in.
M：You’re so sweet.What is your name？
W：My name is Alice.I’ll be on shift during the day for the next few days.
Question：What can be said of the woman？
15.M：Now，I’d like to ask you about any illnesses you’ve had in the past.Could you tell me about this？
W：Let me think
I had my appendix out when I was 15.And I had a chest infection when I was on holiday in the USA 5 years ago.That’s all.
M：Could you tell me if you’ve had any accidents or injured yourself at any time？
W：Well yes，I slipped on the ice and fractured my neck 10 years ago.Actually I was in hospital then for several weeks.I’d forgotten that.
Question：When did the woman have a bone fracture？
Section B由一篇长对话和两篇短文组成，目的在于测试考生对英语篇章的听力理解能力。要求考生能理解所听材料的中心思想和主要内容，并能根据所听到的内容进行逻辑推理、分析概括和归纳总结。考试过程中，考生听完每个长对话或短文后会听到5个问题，且篇章及问题只读一遍。对每道题考生有12秒的作答时间，要根据所听题目和篇章从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。此部分共15道题，每题1分，共计15分。
Section B
Directions：In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages，after each of which，you will hear five questions.After each question，read the four possible answers marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Conversation
16.A.A blood test. B.A gastroscopy.
C.A chest X-ray exam. D.A barium X-ray test.
17.A.To lose some weight .B.To take a few more tests.
C.To sleep on three pillows .D.To eat smaller，lighter meals.
18.A.Potato chips. B.Chicken.
C.Cereal .D.Fish.
19.A.Ulcer. B.Cancer.
C.Depression.D.Hernia.
20.A.He will try the diet the doctor recommended.
B.He will ask for a sick leave and relax at home.
C.He will take the medicine the doctor prescribed.
D.He will take a few more tests to rule out cancer.
Passage One
21.A.A new concept of diabetes.
B.The definition of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
C.The new management of diabetics in the hospital.
D.The new development of non-perishable insulin pills.
22.A.Because it vaporizes easily.
B.Because it becomes overactive easily.
C.Because it is usually in injection form.
D.Because it is not stable above 40 degrees Fahrenheit
23.A.The diabetics can be cured without taking synthetic insulin any longer.
B.The findings provide insight into how insulin works.
C.Insulin can be more stable than it is now.
D.Insulin can be produced naturally.
24.A.It is stable at room temperature for several years.
B.It is administered directly into the bloodstream.
C.It delivers glucose from blood to the cells.
D.It is more chemically complex.
25.A.Why insulin is not stable at room temperature.
B.How important it is to understand the chemical bonds of insulin.
C.Why people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes don’t produce enough insulin.
D.What shape insulin takes when it unlocks the cells to take sugar form blood.
Passage Two
26.A.Vegetative patients are more aware.
B.Vegetative patients retain some control of their eye movement.
C.EEG scans may help us communicate with the vegetative patients.
D.We usually communicate with the brain-dead people by brain-wave.
27.A.The left-hand side of the brain.
B.The right-hand side of the brain.
C.The central part of the brain.
D.The front part of the brain.
28.A.31. B.6.
C.4. D.1.
29.A.The patient was brain-dead.
B.The patient wasn’t brain-dead.
C.The patient had some control over his eye movements.
D.The patient knew the movement he or she was making.
30.A.The patient is no technically vegetative.
B.The patient can communicate in some way.
C.We can train the patient of speak.
D.The family members and doctors can provide better care.
录音原文：
Questions 16-20 are based on the following conversation：
W：Well，your barium meal did not show an ulcer.But it did show that you have something we call a hiatus hernia.Do you know what that is？
M：I think my grandmother had one.But I haven’t much of a clue，really.
W：Now I’m going to explain how we can try to get rid of your stomach and heartburn problems.I think it would help if you were able to lose a bit of weight.You’ll be less likely to get the pain if you can eat smaller，lighter meals regularly？helps so that your stomach is less likely to come up to your gullet than when you lie flat.Lastly，I’m going to give you some tablets that will stop your stomach from producing acid.Perhaps you could tell me what you feel about it？
M：Well，I worry that it might be difficult to eat the meals you suggest，because I’m a lorry driver and have to be on the road most of the day.And I’m not sure if I want to take those tablets.
W：Yes，I understand you might have some problems with the diet I’m suggesting，especially as roadside cafes usually sell meals with greasy food.However，perhaps you could keep to fish and chicken，and avoid chips and fried eggs.You say you’re not keen on taking tablets.Why not？
M：A friend of mine had them，and then got worse.And 6 weeks later they found he had stomach cancer.
W：I see
so you were worried about having cancer？
M：Well，I was a bit.But I suppose if my X-ray only showed a hernia，I must be clear.But are there other tests you can do to be absolutely sure？
W：Yes，there are.But I don’t think it’s necessary to do them at present.We’ll want to see how you get on over the next few weeks with a change of diet.What about the tablets I suggested？I don’t think it’s possible that they caused your friend’s cancer.
M：I think I’d rather try changing my diet first of all.Then，taking the medicine you prescribed for me last time.
W：Let’s try that for the next 4 weeks.Then，I’ll see you again.
16.What medical procedure has the man undergone？
17.Which of the following is NOT among the doctor’s suggestions to the man？
18.According to the doctor’s advice，which of the following foods should the man avoid？
19.What is the doctor’s diagnosis of the man？
20.What will the man do for the next 4 weeks？
Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage：
A team of Australian chemistry students has strengthened the chemical bonds of insulin to make it stable even at warm temperatures—a breakthrough that could simplify diabetes management.The finding could shed light on how insulin works and eventually lead to insulin pills rather than injections or pumps.
Insulin needs to be kept cold because it is made of weak chemical bonds that degrade at temperatures above 40 degrees Fahrenheit，making it inactive.But using a series of chemical reactions，the research team，comprised of students from Monash University in Australia，replaced the unstable bonds with stronger，carbon based ones.
The stronger bonds stabilize the insulin’s to protein chains without interfering with its natural activity.According to a story about the findings at SciGuru.
The so-called“dicarba”incidents were stable at room temperature several years，Sciguru says.
Even more promising is that the findings provide insight into how insulin works.
People with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes do not produce enough insulin，whether it’s the result of an auto-immune disorder that stops producing it entirely（Type 1），or a condition brought on by other factors like obesity，in which the body can no longer use it properly（Type 2）.Insulin is the mechanism that delivers glucose from the blood to the cells，so diabetics must take a synthetic form of the hormone.
When insulin unlocks cells to allow sugar to be taken up from the blood，the hormone’s shape changes—but no one is sure what the shape looks like.If researchers knew that shape，they could design smaller，less-complex versions of insulin that don’t use proteins.
Then it could be administered in pill form rather than directly into the bloodstream.Understanding the molecule’s chemical bonds is a step toward unlocking that shape，the researchers say.
21.What is the main idea of the talk？
22.Why does insulin need to be kept cold，according to the talk？
23.What makes the research more promising？
24.What is true about the new type of insulin？
25.What is unknown to the scientists，according to the talk？Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage：
Brain wave scanners might make it possible to communicate with people who are considered brain-dead，according to a new study reported in the Economist.
A couple of recent studies have shown that a small minority of vegetative patients might be more aware than they seem.Now，Damian Cruse，with the Medical Research Council’s Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge，UK，thinks EEG machines will be able to help these patients communicate.
The team asked 6 healthy volunteers to wear EEG devices which connect electrodes to a person’s head.They were asked to respond to an audible tone by imagining that they were squeezing their right hands or wiggling the toes of both feet.The researchers found that the volunteers’brain responses were clearly different—the hand-squeezing activated the left-hand side of the brain，and the toe-wiggling produced a response in the center of the brain.
They then tested the procedure on a patient with locked-in syndrome，who was almost completely paralyzed but retained some control of his eye movements.His brain responses were the same.Finally，they tested the procedure on a patient who had been declared vegetative 2 years earlier.They watched the EEG signals and were able to deduce which movement the patient was imagining.
The same team had studied 23 vegetative patients over 4 years and found 4 patients were able to consistently respond to yes-or-no questions by changing their brain activity.They were asked to imagine playing tennis when they wanted to give one response，or walking around the house when they wanted to give the other.
Since the patients were responsive，they’re not technically vegetative，the researchers say.Proof that they can communicate—that they’re not brain-dead—would have major implications for family members’and doctors’decisions about their care.
26.What does this talk mainly tell us？
27.For the 6 healthy volunteers，which part of the brain did the hand squeezing imagination activate？
28.Of the 23 vegetative patients，how many were found to be able to consistently respond to yes-or-no questions？
29.What can we learn from the study on the patient determined vegetative 2 years earlier？
30.When EEG signals indicate that a vegetative patient is responsive，which of the following is NOT true？
答案：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C
11.C 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.A
21.D 22.D 23.B 24.A 25.D 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.C