Part C Grammar
时态（Tense）（3）
1. 现在完成时
该时态的谓语动词形式由 have/has+过去分词构成。有以下两种用法：
1） 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作，可以不用时间状语，也可和一些表示过去的时间状语连用，常见的有already, yet,
never, before, recently, just, ever, once等。
e.g. I have been to Peking many times.
2） 表示过去某时间开始一直延续持续到现在（可能还要继续下去）的动作。常用于含有延续意义的动词，并且一般要跟一个表示一段时间的状语，如since, for two years, so far, in recent years等。
e.g. He has lived here since 1949.
2. 过去完成时
该时态表示在过去某一时间之前完成的动作或发生的情况，多用于宾语或宾语从句，以表示与主语过去时谓语的呼应。其谓语形式由had+过去分词构成。该时态常跟有一个由by, before等介词或连词引导的表示到过去某一时间为止的时间状语。
e.g. John had learned some Chinese before he came to China.
Exercises
Task One Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets. Change the word forms if necessary.
1. I_______________already_______________(see) the film. I saw it last week.
2._______________he_______________(finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father_______________just_______________(come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming? He_______________(go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I_______________(work) here since I was here in 1999.
6. We_______________(paint) the house before we moved in.
7. Tom said he_______________(read) the book twice.
8. Our plan failed because we_______________(make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman_______________(finish) speaking, he left the hall.
10. That rich old man_______________(make) a will before he died.
Task Two Choose the best answer for the sentences.
1. Zhao Lan________already________in this school for two years.
A. was, studying B. will, study C. has, studied D. are, studying
2. We________Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
3. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I________it twice.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see(https://www.daowen.com)
4. — These farmers have been to the United States.
— Really ? When________there?
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
5. His father________the Party since 1978.
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
6. Jim________off the lights and then left the classroom.
A. was turn B. had turned C. has turned D. was turned
7. They________in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
8. The train from Beijing________ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
9. The students________their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A. had cleaned B. have cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
10. Fergie________the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished
Grammar Bank
Task One Finish the sentences according to the requirements.
Task Two Error correction.
1. By the end of last week, they have completed the bridge. ( )
2. My father has readed this book since yesterday. ( )
3. Have you found your watch ever? ( )
4. He had learned to play piano before he was 11 years old. ( )
5. The Smiths has gone to Beijing for years. ( )
6. I have been there two days ago. ( )
7. I bought a pen for two hours. ( )
8. My grandpa died for ten years. ( )
9. Jack has finished his homework last night. ( )
10. He has worked in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. ( )