Part C Grammar
主谓一致（Subject-verb Agreement）（1）
在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有时要看整句的意思及强调的内容。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。下面讲述语法一致的原则，总结起来有以下几种情况：
1. 由单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语做主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语
用复数。
e.g. He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
2. 由and或both ... and连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
e.g. Both he and I are right.
Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
3. 在and 连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
e.g. In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
4. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but, except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。
e.g. The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
5. 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等做主语时，谓语动词要用复数。
e.g. A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
6. 由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语动词都用单数。
e.g. Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
7. 有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
e.g. Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。
e.g. Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
Exercises
Task One Choose the best answer for each of the sentences.
1. The secretary and manager________very busy now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2. The whole class________the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening
3. Where________rubbish, there are flies.
A. there are B. there is C. is D. there has
4. The number of people invited ________fifty, but a number of them________absent for different reasons.
A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were
5. The father, along with his two sons,________from the big fire by the firefighters.(https://www.daowen.com)
A. have rescued B. have been rescued
C. has rescued D. has been rescued
6. The number of traffic accidents that________in developing countries________increasing.
A. happens, is B. happen, is C. happens, are D. happen, are
7. There________more than one member who________against the plan.
A. is, is B. is, are C. are, is D. are, are
8. The Internet, as well as newspapers and magazines,________a more and more important part in our daily life.
A. have played B. are playing C. is playing D. has been played
9. Mr. Franklin, in addition to three salesmen,________to attend the meeting.
A. are planning B. were planning C. have planned D. plans
10. — Why does the lake smell terrible?
— Because large quantities of water________.
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted D. have been polluted
Task Two Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets. Change the word forms if necessary.
1. — Have all of you listened to the speech?
— Yeah. Every boy and girl in the class_______________(be) invited.
2. The most impressive sight in China, one of the wonders of the world,_______________(be) the Great Wall.
3. Butter and bread _______________(be) their daily food, but the bread and the butter_______________(eat) up now.
4. The League secretary and monitor_______________(be) asked to make a speech at the meeting_______________(hold) yesterday.
5. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,_______________(go) visit Beijing this summer.
6. The teacher together with the students _______________(be) discussing Reading Skills that_______________(be) newly published in America.
7. At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport_______________(be) that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
8. — Did you go to the show last night?
— Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area_______________(be) invited.
9. We live day by day，but in the great things，the time of days and weeks_______________(be) so small that a day is unimportant.
10. Climbing hills_______________(be) of great help to health.
Grammar Bank
Task One Error correction.
Task Two Fill in the blanks with the words given.
1. We each_______________strong points and each of us on the other hand_______________weak points.
2. Climbing hills_______________of great help to health.
3. On the closet_______________a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday.
4. Mr. Bush, together with his wife and daughter,_______________Japan next week.
5. — Is there anybody in the classroom?— No, the teacher, together with the students,_______________to the playground.
6. Sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women_______________a very shy girl with two bright eyes.
7. He is one of the boys who_______________here on time. He is the only one of the boys who_______________here on time.
8. Many a professor_______________looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists_______________studied animals and plants in the last two years.
9. A knife and a fork_______________on the table. A knife and fork_______________on the table.
10. Now Tom together with his classmates_______________football on the playground.