Passage A
◆Important Words and Expressions◆
crave［kreIv］vt.have appetite，or great desire for渴望，需要，恳求
e.g. 1.The thirsty man craved water.这个口渴的人迫切希望得到水喝。
2.The wound craved attention.伤口需要护理。
3.He craved the teacher's pardon.他恳求老师原谅他。
companionship［kəmˈpæniənʃIp］n.the state of being with someone伙伴关系，友情，友谊
e.g. 1.The majority of people own a dog for companionship.大多数人养狗是为了有个伴儿。
2.She found the companionship of Marcia a solace.她觉得马西娅的陪伴是莫大的安慰。
infamy［ˈInfəmi］n.the state of being infamous声名狼藉，臭名昭著
e.g. 1.He enjoyed exaggerating his infamy.他喜欢夸大他的恶行。
2.a day that will live in infamy遗臭万年的一天
3.They may grant you power,honour,and riches but afflict you with servitude,infamy,and poverty.
他们可以给你权力、荣誉和财富，但却用奴役、耻辱和贫穷来折磨你。
empowerment［Imˈpaʊəmənt］n.the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant委托，授权
e.g. 1.This government believes very strongly in the empowerment of women.
这届政府坚决信奉女性应享有更大的权力。
2.Empowerment is a key element of change acceptance and change management.
获得力量是接受变化和管理变化的一个关键因素。
scant［skænt］adj.不足的，欠缺的
e.g. 1.She began to berate the police for paying scant attention to the theft from her car.
她开始严厉斥责警方对她车内东西失窃一案关注不足。
2.Surviving on the scant rain that falls on the high desert,the surrounding natural scrubland uses far less water.
为了在降水稀少的高地沙漠存活下来，周围自然形态的灌木丛则消耗很少的水分。
fascination［ˌfæsIˈneIʃn］n.the state of being intensely interested魅力，魔力，入迷
e.g. 1.I've had a lifelong fascination with the sea and with small boats.
我毕生都对海和小船有一份沉迷。
2.Around the corner of every second,the fascination of the unknown.
即将来临的每一秒钟，都有着未知的魔力。
infectious［Inˈfekʃəs］adj.easily spread传染的，传染性的，易传染的
e.g. 1.The new point of view was infectious,and the next child did likewise,and then the next,till the whole three of them wailed loud.
这个新观点是有传染性的，第二个孩子也同样哭起来，接着又是一个，后来三个孩子都一起号啕大哭起来。
2.And there are many reasons for this,our success in eliminating infectious diseases as causes in the developed world.
还有很多原因，在发达国家我们成功地消灭了感染性疾病。rotation［rəuˈteIʃn］n.the act of rotating as if on an axis旋转，循环，轮流
e.g. 1.And the winery had a management rotation program.
这个酒庄有一个管理轮岗项目。
2.A reversal in the rotation of Earth is impossible.地球发生相反方向的旋转是不可能的。
identify with使等同于；把……看作一致；认为与……有关；跟……产生共鸣
e.g. 1.Never identify opinions with facts.
千万莫把意见和事实等同起来。
2.He does not wish to be identified with the reform party.
他不想与改革派有任何关联。
3.I believe that most readers will identify with the author.
我相信大多数读者会与作者产生共鸣。
hold the fascination for持有的魅力
e.g. 1.Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?
为什么作者认为米歇尔·奥巴马有着不可抗拒的魅力？
2.The great films of the 1970s hold a special fascination for Hunt.
70年代的伟大电影对亨特来说极有吸引力。
◆Explanations of Difficult Sentences◆
1.In addition,many of these artists,who enjoy levels of money,fame,and companionship most people crave,constantly associate themselves with the world of drugs,guns and violence.
•此外，很多艺术家也像多数人一样渴望金钱、名誉和人脉，他们经常与毒品、枪支、暴力联系在一起。
•Who引导一个非限制性定语从句，而后面的most people crave又是一个定语修饰限制前面的三个先行词。
2.No longer a teenager and quickly accepting the roles of adulthood,the new era of hip⁃hop slowly but surely left me feeling isolated where previously,I totally identified with it.
•喜欢嘻哈的人不再是十几岁的少年，嘻哈很快也被成年人接受，嘻哈的新时代慢慢地让我有一种与世隔绝的感觉，这的确和我以前所认同的世界是不一样的。
•注意此句中where引导状语从句，identify with意为“使等同于，认为与……有关”。
•在此句的翻译中加入了主语使其更加完整。
3.The more I questioned myself,the less I listened to hip⁃hop,even though the beats and music held the same fascination for me that it had when I was a teen.
•我越怀疑自己，就越不爱听嘻哈音乐，虽然我还像童年时代那样迷恋嘻哈音乐和节奏。
The more…the less…越多……越少……
1）The more you forget，the less you know.健忘得越多，明晰得越少。
2）The bigger the hole，the more light gets in.光圈越大，光线越多。
3）The more you learn，the more you know.学得越多，知道得越多。
4.For those who have given up on finding hip⁃hop that promotes growth and moving in positive directions or parents who are concerned about the music your children listen to,don't“jump ship”just yet.
•对于那些已经放弃寻找嘻哈音乐来促进成长和向积极方向发展的人或关心孩子们听的音乐的父母来说，不要“放弃”。
•Who引导定语从句，that promotes growth and moving是定语从句修饰限制hip⁃hop。要注意这个长句子的从句之间的关系。