Passage B
◆Important Words and Expressions◆
attach［əˈtætʃ］v.cause to be attached使依附；贴上；系上
e.g. 1.The crews seek to cut the cable and attach its two ends to buoys before making the repairs and linking the two ends again.维修人员打算切断光缆，将其两端系上浮标，然后进行维修，修好之后再把两端连接起来。
2.You can attach files,sounds,and images to messages like you can with e⁃mails.
您可以将文件、声音和图像如附加到电子邮件一样附加到消息。
spot［spɒt］vt.catch sight of认出；发现
e.g. 1.Have you ever found it hard to spot the data you're looking for because you couldn't see the forest from the trees？您是否发现很难辨认出正在查找的数据，就好像很难从米饭中分辨出白色的沙粒？
2.It is easy to spot the problems in this simple example by inspecting the code.
在这个简单的例子中，通过检查代码很容易就可以发现问题所在。
encouraging［InˈkʌrIdʒIŋ］adj.giving courage or confidence or hope令人鼓舞的；鼓励的
e.g. 1.There have been some encouraging signs over the past couple of months.
过去一两个月中倒是出现了一些令人鼓舞的迹象。
2.That is hardly an encouraging outcome but we cannot wait passively for another year and just hope for a better result.
这不是一个令人鼓舞的结果，但我们不能消极地再等上一年，只去期待能有一个更好的结果。
catch on变得流行
e.g. 1.The idea has been around for ages without catching on.
这个观点被提出来已经有几个年头了，可是一直没被广泛接受。
2.Perhaps some of these ideas will catch on in Asia after all.
或许这些理念中的一部分最终将在亚洲得到竞相效仿。
in proportion to相称，符合比例；按比例
e.g. 1.A man's vanity is actually in proportion to his ignorance.
一个人的虚荣心实际上和他的无知成正比。
2.A thing is valued in proportion to its rarity.物以稀为贵。
go into从事；调查；进入
e.g. 1.We should go into the matter thoroughly.我们应当对此事进行彻底调查。
2.More females than males go into nursing in the States.
◆Explanations of Difficult Sentences◆
（1）The current prototype uses ultrasonic sensors to spot dangers,but because they have a limited field of view,the next version will use cameras that can span 180°,says Strolz.
•当前的试验样品使用超声波探测器探测危险，但是因为其视角有限，下一版的设计将会使用有效范围达180度的摄像头。
•在这个句子中，but这个转折并列连词连接两个句子“the current prototype…”和“because they have…that can span 180°”，后一个句子中because引导原因状语从句，修饰“the next version will use cameras that can span 180°”。
（2）Reactions from 16 volunteers who tried the new door at BMW's Munich research centre have been encouraging.
•16位志愿者在慕尼黑研究中心试用了新型车门，他们给出的反馈非常令人鼓舞。
•在这个句子中，who引导定语从句，修饰16 volunteers。
（3）“More and more technology is going into active safety that prevents accidents”,he says,“rather than traditional passive measures like airbag and seatbelt designs that help after an accident.”
•他说道：“越来越多的技术致力于研究预防事故的主动安全技术而不是诸如气囊、安全带等在事故发生后降低影响的传统被动安全措施。”
•在这个句子中，rather than是连词，连接active safety和traditional passive measures，意为“而不是”。两个连词that引导定语从句，分别修饰active safety和traditional passive measures。
（4）As can be seen,during the past decade,car safety technologies have changed in emphasis.
•正如我们所看到的，在过去几十年间，汽车安全技术的重点发生了变化。
•As连词引导非限定性状语从句，从句中一般使用被动语态。在这个句子中，as指代主句“car safety technologies have changed in emphasis”。
e.g. As is evident from the graph,the number of dropout has been increasing.