Passage A
◆Important Words and Expressions◆
develop［dIˈveləp］v.开发；进步
e.g. 1.We began to develop a new industrial site.我们开始开发一个新的工业区。
2 It's hard to say at this stage how the market will develop.
在现阶段很难说市场会如何发展。
manufacture［mænjʊˈfæktʃə］v.制造；捏造
e.g. 1.What we will design and manufacture and sell however,should be according to social needs.
我们应该设计、制造并销售怎样的产品，由市场需求决定。
2.According to the prosecution,the officers manufactured an elaborate story.
根据控方意见，官员们精心编造了事情的经过。
launch［lɔ：ntʃ］v.发起，发动；使……下水；发射（导弹、火箭等）
e.g. 1.to launch an investigation/a campaign开始进行调查/一场运动
2.The lifeboat was launched immediately.那艘救生艇被立刻放下了水。
3.to launch a communications satellite发射通信卫星
improve［Imˈpru：v］v.改善，增进；提高……的价值
e.g. 1.How to improve the quality of products was a difficult problem to him.
如何提高产品质量对他来说可是个难题。
2.The aim is to improve performance and quality of service,reduce costs,and simplify management.
目的是提高性能和服务质量，降低成本，简化管理。
preserve［prIˈzɜ：v］v.保护；保持，保存
e.g. 1.One way to preserve species under threat of extinction—whatever the cause—is to remove them to zoos and parks and breed them there.
不管动物濒危的原因是什么，保护方法其一就是把它们迁移到动物园和公园，在那儿喂养它们。
2.I like to make puree,using only enough sugar to preserve the plums.
我喜欢做果酱，只用足够的糖来保藏李子。
contaminate［kənˈtæmIneIt］v.污染，弄脏
e.g. 1.The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.饮用水被铅污染了。
2.They were accused of contaminating the minds of our young people.
他们被指控毒害我们青少年的心灵。
thanks to幸亏，由于
e.g. Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
亏得你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
make every effort to竭尽全力
e.g. The war came to an end；many things were waiting to be done.The people had to make every effort to reconstruct their country.
战争结束，百废待举，人民全力以赴，重建自己的国家。
◆Explanations of Difficult Sentences◆
（1）The recent decades has witnessed China's every effort to turn“Beautiful China”and“ecological civilization”into actions to cope with environmental woes brought on by decades of rapid economic growth.
•近几十年来，为了应对经济快速增长带来的一系列环境问题，中国一直全力实践向“美丽中国”和“生态文明”的转变。
•brought：bring的过去分词，这里作后置定语修饰“environmental woes”。
（2）…the launch of the new E10 bus has demonstrated the great capabilities of Chinese technology and the“Made in China”brand in tapping into the UK market,a successful example of Chinese businesses embracing the“Going Global”strategy.
•新款E10巴士的推出彰显了中国技术和“中国制造”品牌在进军英国市场方面的卓越能力，这也是中国企业落实“走出去”战略的成功典范。
•a successful example of…：名词短语，作主语“the launch of the new E10 bus”同位语，解释主语。
•a successful example of：名词短语，of为介词，其后需接名词或者动名词。
（3）For instance,the E10 model is developed based on local needs around the specification and user experience which accounts for its incomparable popularity in the UK market.
•例如，E10就是基于当地对规格和用户体验的特定需求开发的，这也就解释了其在英国市场无与伦比的人气。
•Which：引导非限定性定语从句，这里指前面主句“The E10 model is developed based on…”。
（4）In 2016,an increasing number of countries announced that sales of new diesel and gasoline cars would be banned by 2040,including Britain,offering new possibilities to leading new energy car manufacturers like Yutong amid Europe's battle against environmental pollution caused by the internal combustion engine.
•包括英国在内的越来越多的国家于2016年宣布，将于2040年前禁止新柴油和汽油汽车的销售，这为宇通这类的新能源汽车制造商引领汽车产业，并在欧洲对抗与内燃机引起的环境污染作斗争提供了新的可能。
•Offering：offer的现在分词形式，这里作结果状语，对主句进行解释说明。
•caused：cause的过去分词形式，作后置定语修饰“environmental pollution”。
（5）China has made every effort to turn“Beautiful China”and“ecological civilization”with a series of campaigns launched to fight environmental degradation and preserve environment,as decades of growth have left the country with smog,polluted water and contaminated soil.
•几十年的发展使中国备受雾霾、污水和土壤污染的困扰。因而中国已竭尽全力通过发起一系列抗击环境退化和保护环境的运动来实现“美丽的中国”和“生态文明”。
•With a series of…environment：介词短语，作方式状语修饰主句。
•as：连词，引导原因状语从句，解释主句发生的原因。