Ⅲ.综合运用

Ⅲ.综合运用

The Origin of Family Names

A family name(also called a surname or last name)is a name that is p__1__from one generation to the next.In many countries,a woman adopts her husband's family name when they are m__2__.

In Europe,surnames began to be used in the 12th century,but it took many centuries before most Europeans had one.The p__3__purpose of the surname was to distinguish people from one another.

In the 13th c__4__,about a third of men had the given name of William,Richard or John.To distinguish them,people began r__5__to different Williams according to their fathers,jobs,locations,appearances or some other characteristics(特征),for e__6__,William,son of Andrew(leading to Anderson),William the cook(leading to Cook),William from the brook(leading to Brooks),William the brown-haired(leading to Brown),and so on.F__7__,these surnames became inherited.They are passed from parents to children.

1.p____________2.m____________3.p____________4.c____________5.r____________6.e____________7.F____________