Neutral Tones

10.Neutral Tones

Thomas Hardy

We stood by apond that winter day,
And the sun was white,as though chiddenof God,
And a few leaves lay on the starving sod
—They had fallen from an ash,and were grey.

Your eyes on me were as eyes that rove
Over tedious riddles of years ago;
And some words played between us to and fro
On which lost the more by our love.

The smile on your mouth was the deadest thing
Alive enough to have strength to die
And a grin of bitterness swept thereby
Like an ominousbird a-wing...

Since then,keen lessons that love deceives,
And wringswith wrong,have shaped to me

Your face,and the God-curst sun,and a tree,
And a pond edged with greyish leaves.

【注释】

①tone:音调,色调。warm tones:暖色调。neutral:中立的,非彩色的,略带灰色的。neutral tones:灰色调。

②chidden:chide的过去分词形式,斥责,责骂。

③starving sod:干旱的草地。

④ash:梣树,白蜡树。

⑤rove:漫游。rove over:飘忽不定,此处指目光游移不定。

⑥The smile on your mouth was the deadest thing/Alive enough to have strength to die:你嘴角上的笑容十分呆滞,就像人临终前木然的微笑。

⑦ominous:不祥的,不吉利的。Like an ominous bird a-wing:就像一只不吉祥的鸟儿展翅。

⑧wring:扭曲,扭断。

【简介与赏析】

托马斯·哈代(Thomas Hardy,1840—1928),英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的作家,早期和中期的创作以小说为主,继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统;晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。

《灰色调》是一首描写爱情丧失的诗。这首诗不是以美丽的景色来衬托欢娱的心情,而是以“发灰的树叶”、“枯萎的草坪”、“不祥之鸟”、“诅咒的太阳”和具有“死的滋味的微笑”等意象来揭示“爱情善欺善毁”这一现实。在第一节里,有关大自然的意象大体可分为两类:①表现色彩类,如白色的太阳、灰色的叶子。②表现死亡类,如枯萎的草坪、凋落的树叶。这些意象都是黯淡、寂寥和失去生命力的。诗歌一开始就被定下了忧伤的调子,读者自然也不会期待置身其中的人会有什么快乐的事情。果不其然,这对恋人就像他们身边渐渐失去生命力的生物体一样,走到了爱的尽头。最后恋人之间的紧张非但没有解除,反而被吞噬于萧瑟的景物中。

诗歌是抑扬格五音步,押抱韵(embracing rhyme)abba,cddc,effe。

【译文欣赏】

灰 色 调

托马斯·哈代

王道余 译

冬日池塘边我们伫立,
太阳惨白得如遭天谴,
饥饿草皮上枯叶几片,
——落自白蜡树,灰灰的。

你的双眼游移在我的脸,
像猜出多年的乏味谜语;
几句话在我们之间来去——
越变越少如爱消逝已天边。

你嘴角的笑意死气沉沉,
还有点活力也仅够赴死;
忽然一丝苦涩掠过那里,
像不祥的鸟儿双翅翻振……

自此我记取,爱会把人欺、
绞肝肠,总是看见你面目、
遭到天咒的太阳、一棵树,
还有四周灰叶的死水一池。

【讨论题】

1.In what background is the poem set?

2.Is the simile“like an ominous bird a-wing”particularly effective?Why or why not?

3.Explain how the starving sod and the gray leaves establish a suitable psychological backdrop for the poem.