索 引

索 引

(索引中的页码为英文原书页码,即本书边码)

Academy of Current Affairs 时务学堂, 58, 59, 158, 246

Account of Ten Days at Yangzhou 扬州十日记, 161-63

Account of the Jiading Massacre嘉定屠城记, 162-63, 241

Africa 非洲, 69

Agriculture 农业, 310n6; and Shennong 农业和神农, 170, 177, 335n115. See also well⁃field system 井田制

American Revolution 美国革命, 196, 259, 292-93; July 4 7月4日, 218, 219

anarchism 无政府主义, 185, 186, 198, 201, 205, 260, 275, 276, 341n20; of Liu Shipei 刘师培的, 168, 178, 197, 200, 206

Angle, Stephen 安靖如, 199

anti⁃American boycott of 1905 抵制美货运动, 207

anti⁃Japanese War 抗日战争, 288

anti⁃Manchuism 反满主义, 14, 17, 25, 154, 165, 214, 241, 284, 329n22, 339n106; and attitudes regarding Qing conquest 反满主义和对清朝征服的态度, 160-64, 279-80; of Liang Qichao 梁启超的反满主义, 76, 152, 329n22, 330n30; of Liu Shipei 刘师培的反满主义, 173; among revolutionaries 革命者中的反满主义, 157-58, 181, 182, 205, 207, 210-11, 278, 330n30, 331nn43,46; of Sun Yat⁃sen 孙中山的反满主义, 162-63, 183, 206, 331n43; of Tan Sitong 谭嗣同的反满主义, 147, 149, 280; of Zhang Binglin 章炳麟的反满主义, 166-68; of Zou Rong 邹容的反满主义, 156

anti⁃Russian student campaign of 1903 拒俄运动, 155, 190, 338n79

Ariga Nagao 有贺长雄, 243, 344n4

aristocracy 贵族, 6, 11, 98, 102, 184, 186, 320n32; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论, 60, 64, 74, 116, 169, 170, 204

Aristotle 亚里士多德, 114

Articles of Favorable Treatment 优待条件, 213, 261-62, 266, 268, 269-70, 350n119

autocracy 专制, 105, 214, 223, 244-45, 259, 276; Kang Youwei on 康有为论, 39, 40, 43, 45, 251

Bai Qi 白起, 167

Baks 巴克人, 173-175

Bary, Theodore de 狄培理, 15

Bastid, Marianne 巴斯蒂, 28

Beijing: Imperial Academy 国子监, 237; Institute for Exhibiting Antiquities 古物陈列所, 233, 343n72; Tiananmen 天安门, 230, 231, 232; Zhonghuamen 中华门, 230; Zhongnanhai 中南海, 233-34. See also Forbidden City 紫禁城; National Palace Museum 国立故宫博物院; Peking University 北京大学

Bellah, Robert N. 罗伯特·贝拉, 352n37

benevolence 仁, 62, 129, 148, 228, 254; Kang Youwei on 康有为论仁, 33, 36, 37, 38, 40, 51, 52-53, 69; Mencius on 孟子论仁, 248, 345n8, 346n29

Bentham, Jeremy 杰里米·边沁, 144

Bin Fengyang 宾凤阳, 141

Bluntschli, Johann Kaspar 伯伦知理, 103, 106, 108, 109, 110, 189, 289, 322n67

Bodin, Jean 让·博丹, 114-15

Book of Documents 尚书, 174, 175, 345n24, 346n30

Book of Rites 礼记, 50, 163

Bornhak, Conrad 波伦哈克, 188, 189

Boxer Uprising 义和团运动, 3, 72, 92, 145, 235, 278

Brown, Elizabeth A. R. 伊丽莎白·布朗, 308n14

buddhism 佛教, 8, 14, 21, 35, 84, 122, 148, 201, 205, 208, 267; egalitarianism of 佛教的平等主义, 36, 141, 184, 201, 205-6; and Kang Youwei 佛教和康有为, 31, 36, 52, 314n79; and Liang Qichao 佛教和梁启超, 58, 59; and Zhang Binglin 佛教和章炳麟, 166, 183, 184, 336n12

Cai E 蔡锷, 229-30, 246

Cai Yuanpei 蔡元培, 224, 231, 236, 255-56, 263, 271; on five⁃color flag 论五色旗, 228, 342n56; on the state 论国家, 117

capitalism 资本主义, 203-5, 289

Chambers, William and Robert: on equality 钱伯斯兄弟: 论平等, 96; on forms of government 论政体, 96-97, 320n32; on law 论法律, 96; Political Economy for Use in Schools and for Private Instruction 用于学校和私人教学的政治经济学, 95-98, 113, 320nn24, 31,32,35

Chang, Hao 张灏, 7, 35, 51, 53, 147, 310n2, 311n38, 312nn39,83; Chinese Intellectuals in Crisis 危机中的中国知识分子, 328n3; Liang Ch'i⁃ch'ao and Intellectual Transition in Modern China 梁启超与近代中国思想的过渡, 314n1

Chang P'eng⁃yuan 张朋园, 329n22

chaos 乱, 10

Chen Duxiu: on Chinese people 陈独秀: 论中国人, 258, 259, 271, 282; on Confucianism 论儒学, 282; on democracy and equality 论民主和平等, 257, 258; on nationalism 论民族主义, 257-58, 351n11; at Peking University 在北京大学, 255-56; on progress 论进步, 256, 257-58; on self⁃consciousness 论自我意识, 258-59; on the state 论国家, 258-59, 271

Chen Hanyuan 陈汉元, 218-19

Chen Huanzhang 陈焕章, 250,   252-53

Chen Lai 陈来, 351n11

Chen Pengming 陈鹏鸣, 314n1

Chen Qimei 陈其美, 226

Chen Tianhua 陈天华, 190

Cheng Dequan 程德全, 226

Cheng Hao 程颢, 325n5

Cheng Yi 程颐, 120, 123, 325n5

Cheng⁃Zhu school 程朱学派, 82, 134

Chi You 蚩尤, 175, 176

Chiang Kai⁃shek 蒋介石, 212, 341n20

Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党, 263, 285, 289, 296

Chinese origins theory 中国起源论, 21-22

Christianity 基督教, 17, 135, 148, 149, 172, 267, 282, 284; Huang Zunxian on 黄遵宪论, 21, 125, 126; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论, 57, 141; missionaries传教士, 19, 20, 22, 201; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论, 184

citizenship 公民, 5, 7, 146, 174, 274, 279, 295, 296; as gendered 区分男女的公民, 239; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论公民, 56, 76-77, 109, 110, 151, 258, 276, 324n125; and national identity 公民和民族认同, 4, 27; relationship to duties 公民与义务的关系, 4, 129-30, 156, 188, 197-98, 199, 291; relationship to rights 公民与权利的关系, 4, 156, 188, 196-97, 199, 291; in Republic of China 在中华民国的公民, 214, 216-17, 241

Cixi. See Empress Dowager Cixi 慈禧

classes 阶级, economic 经济, 186, 204, 205, 288-89

Classic of Changes 易经, 34

Commercial Press 商务印书馆, 159, 180

Common Citizen's Required Reader 通俗国民必读, 129

communal property 公产, 61

Communist International 共产国际, 212

Compendium to Protect the Teaching 翼教丛编, 131, 134

Confucian Association 孔教会, 250, 251, 253, 254, 346n33

Confucianism 儒学, 5, 133, 140, 224-25, 256, 289, 292, 311n9; civilizing mission of 儒学的教化, 5, 290; classics of 儒学的经典, 25, 34, 38, 46-53, 58, 119, 122, 137, 165, 177, 253, 283, 292, 295, 346nn26,27,30; cosmic order in 儒学的宇宙观, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 34, 120, 121, 122, 133, 139, 149, 239, 273, 281-82, 290-91, 293-94, 295; distinction between civilized vs. Uncivilized 文明与不文明的区别, 150; filial piety 孝, 10, 13, 14, 31, 32, 33, 58-59, 129, 138, 140, 142, 148, 163, 192, 251, 273, 277, 285; Kang on Confucius as reformer 康有为论孔子是改革家, 48-49, 123, 136, 148, 275; Kang on Confucius as uncrowned king 康有为论孔子是素王, 46, 48, 68, 136, 141, 166, 275, 314n85; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论儒学, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, 68, 79, 87, 88, 111, 141, 254, 275-76, 282, 329n22, 350n4; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论儒学, 175, 332n72; morality in 儒学的道德, 6, 8, 22, 26, 31, 33, 35, 38, 59, 65, 87, 120-21, 123, 134-35, 137, 138, 139-42, 144-45, 148, 175, 206, 228, 249, 250, 251-53, 254, 256, 257, 259, 280, 282, 292, 295; music in 儒学的音乐, 34, 137, 143, 222, 226, 234, 278; Neo⁃Confucianism 新儒学, 14, 29-30, 30, 38, 82, 84, 134-35, 250, 273, 325n5; relationship to monarchy 儒学与君主制的关系, 7, 9-10, 35-36, 37-39, 238, 256, 257, 273, 275, 282, 319n23; and republicanism 儒学和共和主义, 143-45, 249-55, 293; rituals 仪式, 10, 34, 35, 137, 143, 175, 198-99, 234, 237, 238, 250, 251, 253, 254, 278, 285, 344n96, 346n40; sacrifices to Confucius 祭孔, 234, 237, 250, 251, 253, 254, 346n40; and social hierarchy 儒学和社会等级, 133, 137, 139-40, 146, 149, 198-99, 238, 256, 277-78, 290, 293; statecraft thinking 治国思想, 17, 30, 35, 38, 39, 48, 283; Tan Sitong on 谭嗣同论儒学, 147-48, 149, 286-87; Yan Fu on 严复论儒学, 143-45; Yuan Shikai on, 236-37, 251-52, 346n40; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论儒学, 165, 184, 283; Zhang Zhidong on 张之洞论儒学, 122-23, 135, 283. See also Mencius也参见孟子; New Text school 今文经学; Old Text school 顾问经销; Three Ages 三世; Three Bonds 三纲

constitutionalism 立宪主义, 26, 158-59, 185-86, 197, 209, 279, 286, 290-91, 293, 294-95, 321n60; constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制, 29, 39-40, 60, 72, 73-74, 76, 86, 98, 105, 127, 145-46, 159, 179, 185, 186, 207, 210, 224, 243, 244-45, 246, 259, 272, 278, 280, 293, 317n59, 345n5; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论立宪主义, 56, 73-74, 76, 105, 110, 117, 118, 159, 224, 276, 292, 322n73; Yang Du on constitutional monarchy 杨度论君主立宪制, 243, 244-45, 246, 263; of Yuan Shikai 袁世凯的立宪主义, 243, 280; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论立宪主义, 185. See also democracy 也参见民主; republicanism 共和主义

corruption 腐败, 7, 27, 63, 80, 81, 82, 125, 127, 207, 254

Creation 乾, 34

Crossley, Pamela 柯娇燕, 351n30

Customs Service 海关, 20

Daoism 道, 84, 86, 113, 145, 175, 327n16

Datong 大同, 47, 50-53, 56, 87, 135, 141-42, 165, 201, 236, 249, 289. See also utopianism 也参见乌托邦主义

democracy 民主, 87, 96-97, 102, 131, 132, 137-39, 140, 158, 214, 225, 241, 249, 256, 274, 278, 279, 331n43; Chen Duxiu on 陈独秀论民主, 257, 258; Huang Zunxian on 黄遵宪论民主, 126, 127; Hu Hanmin on 胡汉民论民主, 186; Kang Youwei on 康有为论民主, 33, 39-40, 48, 50, 52, 135, 313n64; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论民主, 59, 60, 61-62, 64, 65, 73-74, 75, 76, 104, 105, 108, 109, 116-17, 118, 141, 143, 169, 188, 189, 246, 315n24, 316n48, 317n68, 322n73, 329n22; Li Dazhao on 李大钊论民主, 260-61, 348n76; Mai Menghua on 麦孟华论民主, 63; Ou Jujia on 欧榘甲论民主, 67; Sun Yat⁃sen on 孙中山论民主, 206-7; Tan Sitong on 谭嗣同论民主, 148; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论民主, 187-88, 189; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论民主, 183, 184, 185-86, 260; Zhang Zhidong on 张之洞论民主, 124-25, 129, 277. See also constitutionalism 也参见立宪主义

Diaries of Rest and Repose起居注, 13

Dikötter, Frank 冯客, 331n46

Ding Baoshu 丁宝书, 180

Disorder, Age of 据乱世, 49, 51, 60, 68, 74, 135

Dong Fangkui 董方奎, 314n1

Dong Wang 王东, 92

Dong Zhongshu 董仲舒, 30, 36, 49, 86, 131

Double Ten of the Ghosts, The 鬼的双十节, 229-30

Dragon Boat Festival 端午节, 239

Duan Qirui 段祺瑞, 230, 262, 266, 268, 348n90

Duara, Prasenjit 杜赞奇, 294

Duties 义务, 66, 77, 115, 282, 291, 294, 317n65; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论义务, 197, 198; relationship to citizenship 义务与公民的关系, 4, 129-30, 146, 156, 188, 197-98, 199, 291; relationship to social hierarchy 义务与社会等级的关系, 10, 75, 85-86, 146, 175

Earth 地, 7, 10, 13, 234, 237, 248, 308n17

Eastern Zhou dynasty 东周, 165

Eastman, Lloyd 易劳逸, 19

education 教育, 125, 132, 176; in Japan 在日本, 70, 71, 128; private schools 私立学校, 22; Qing state school system 清朝国立学校系统, 22, 127-29, 159, 178-80; in Republic of China 在中华民国, 252. See also students 也参见学生

Emerging Peace, Age of 升平世, 49, 50, 60, 68, 135, 236

empire, vs. nation⁃state 帝国与民族国家, 4-5, 7, 8

Empress Dowager Cixi 慈禧, 19, 20, 32, 39, 56-57, 154, 208, 233, 234, 325n11; death of 慈禧之死, 12, 209; political power of 慈禧的政治权力, 17, 25-26, 27-28; during reform movement of 1898 在戊戌变法期间的慈禧, 8, 24, 25-26, 28, 72

enfeoffment system 分封制度, 164-65, 171, 176

Enguang 恩光, 142-43

Enlightenment, the 启蒙, 96

equality 平等, 140, 146, 158, 165, 199, 244, 249, 274, 277, 278, 285-86, 294; and Buddhism 平等和佛教, 36, 141, 184, 201, 205-6; Chen Duxiu on 陈独秀论平等, 256, 257; conservative criticisms of 平等的保守批评, 132, 133, 135, 137, 138, 139; in gender relations 在性别关系中, 7; Huang Zongxi on 黄宗羲论平等, 156; Huang Zunxian on 黄遵宪论平等, 125; Kang Youwei on 康有为论, 33, 36, 37, 51, 52, 123, 135, 138-39, 141, 286-87; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论平等, 109, 141, 276; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论平等, 178, 197-98; and socialism 平等和社会主义, 201-2, 204, 205; spiritual vs. Secular 精神与世俗, 201; Tan Sitong on 谭嗣同论平等, 148, 285-86; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论平等, 188-89; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论平等, 183-84, 185, 200, 206, 292; Zhang Zhidong on 张之洞论平等, 124-25, 129; Zou Rong on 邹容论平等, 156, 195-96

ethnic nationalism 族群民族主义, 76, 88, 108, 110, 154-60, 284, 287

evidential studies school 考证学, 283

examination system 科举制度, 11, 17, 25, 29, 30, 46, 56, 141, 142, 207, 274, 278, 295, 317n52, 321n43, 325n5, 327n90

family, the: father⁃son relationship 家庭: 父子关系, 84, 123-24, 126, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 149, 177; husband⁃wife relationship 夫妻关系, 123, 124, 126, 129, 133, 138, 140, 149, 254, 285; and the state 家庭和国家, 10, 13-14, 63, 67, 120, 129, 130, 132, 138, 142, 177, 273, 277-78; younger⁃elder brother relationship 兄弟关系, 140. See also Three Bonds 也参见三纲

Fan Zhui 樊锥, 132

Fei Xiaotong 费孝通, 296, 352n39

Feng Guifen 冯桂芬, 75

Feng Guozhang 冯国璋, 230

Feng Yuxiang 冯玉祥, 264, 265-66, 267, 270, 348n90, 350n120

Feudalism 封建制度, 44, 60, 99, 120, 185, 186, 203, 257, 322n76

Fitzgerald, John 费约翰, 53, 191, 272

five constant virtues 五常, 228

five phases 五行, 228

foot binding 缠足, 239

Forbidden City 紫禁城, 3, 24, 230, 231-32, 233, 242, 261-71, 281, 320n23, 343n72

foreign concessions 租界, 20, 28, 92, 155, 207, 240, 246, 268

Former Kings 先王, 40, 45, 63, 66, 75, 126, 139, 176

forms of government 政体, 98, 102, 105, 116, 127, 159, 245, 288

Foucault, Michel: on governmentality 福柯: 论治理, 291

France 法国, 138, 249, 267; as constitutional democracy 作为宪政民主, 61, 105, 244; Dreyfus affair 德雷福斯事件, 310n49; Louis XIV 路易十四, 308n14; relations with imperial China 与中华帝国的关系, 19, 28

freedom. See liberty 自由

French revolution 法国大革命, 64, 137, 196, 259, 266, 321n60; Declaration of the Rights of Man 人权宣言, 292-93; July 14 7月14日, 218, 219

Fryer, John 傅兰雅, 95, 320nn24,32

Fu Xi 伏羲, 170, 175, 176, 224, 225

futility thesis 无用论, 133, 135

Fuzhou 福州, 20

Gasster, Michael: Chinese Intellectuals and the Revolution of 1911 高慕柯:中国知识分子与辛亥革命, 331n46

gender relations 两性关系, 137, 139, 148, 284-85; gender equality 性别平等, 7; husband⁃wife relationship 夫妻关系, 33, 123, 124, 126, 129, 133, 138, 140, 149, 254, 285; patriarchy 父权制, 10, 123-24, 133, 134, 143, 177, 256, 277, 282, 285, 339n4

General Discussion of Legal Learning 法律学习概论, 98-100

generational rebellion 代际反叛, 7

gentry 士绅, 17-18, 19, 22, 27, 145, 181, 311n24, 315n24; as activists 志士, 64, 272; defined 定义, 11; factions among 其中的派别, 28; in Hunan 在湖南, 131, 132; after Revolution of 1911 在辛亥革命以后, 202; during Revolution of 1911 在辛亥革命期间, 209, 210

geography texts 地理课本, 159-60, 309n36

George, Henry 亨利·乔治, 202

Germany 德国, 45, 181, 267; concessions in China 在中国的租界, 240; historical school of law in 德国的历史法学院, 321n60, 322n67; imperial government in 德国的帝国政府, 73, 244; relations with imperial China 德国与中华帝国的关系, 28; unification of 德国的统一, 69, 128; Wilhelm I 威廉一世, 70

Gezhi huibian(Scientific Miscellany) 格致汇编, 150

global capitalism 全球资本主义, 6-7

gong(public⁃mindedness) 公, 7, 54, 74, 130, 139-40, 197; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论, 61-62, 63, 65-66, 69, 75, 77, 87, 171, 292

Gongyang Commentary(zhuan) 公羊传, 48-49

Gongyang school 公羊学派, 136

Goodnow, Frank 古德诺, 243, 344n4

Great Britain 英国, 45, 73, 287; English revolution 英国革命, 64; monarchy in 英国的君主制, 61, 73, 317n59, 322n73; relations with imperial China 英国与中华帝国的关系, 93-94, 319n20. See also Opium War of 1839-42; Opium War of 1856-60 也参见鸦片战争(1839-1842)、第二次鸦片战争(1856-1860)

Great Peace, Age of(taiping shi) 太平世, 49, 50, 60, 61, 68, 112, 135, 236

Grieder, Jerome 贾祖麟, 255

grouping(qun) 群, 87, 176-77, 201; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论群, 61, 62, 63-64, 69, 115, 324n125

Gu Hongming 辜鸿铭, 224, 256

Gu Yanwu 顾炎武, 14

Guandi 关帝, 237-38, 273

Guangdong province 广东省, 29, 56, 218, 316n37

Guangxu emperor 光绪帝, 12, 27-28, 28, 87, 121, 154, 233, 262, 267; and reform movement of 1898 戊戌变法, 8, 19, 24-25, 39, 40-41, 42, 43; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论光绪帝, 167, 168

Guangzhou 广州, 19, 20, 32, 218, 264, 342n55; Sun Yat⁃sen in 孙中山在广州, 154, 182, 208, 340n16

Guanzi 管子, 34

Guliang commentary 谷梁传, 316n38

Guliang zhuan 谷梁传, 345n24

Guomindang(Nationalist Party) 国民党, 226, 230-31, 239, 263, 264, 270, 285; and Sun Yat⁃sen 国民党和孙中山, 212, 230, 342n55

Habermas, Jürgen 尤尔根·哈贝马斯, 308n14

Hall of Great Harmony 太和殿, 231

Han Yu 韩愈, 31, 169, 325n5, 329n6; “Yuandao,” 原道 83-85, 120

Han Chinese 汉人, 151, 165, 214, 227, 328n1, 351n24; and Chinese nation⁃state 中华民族国家, 147, 149, 150, 154-58, 164-80, 186, 278; relations with Manchus 汉人与满人的关系, 9, 14, 16-17, 25, 55, 56, 59, 63, 70, 147, 152, 153, 154-64, 279, 284, 330n33; and Yellow Emperor 黄帝, 157, 171, 172-73, 179-80, 225, 235. See also anti⁃Manchuism 也参见反满主义

Han dynasty 汉朝, 11, 30, 33, 47, 49, 65, 186, 283, 287

Han Learning 汉学, 29-30, 38, 136, 165

Hanlin Bachelor 翰林, 117, 324n131

harmony 和谐, 129

Harrison, Henrietta 沈艾娣, 216, 222; The Making of the Republican Citizen 塑造共和国民, 340n8

He Zhen 何震, 206

Heaven(Tian) 天, 7, 12, 44, 46, 49, 51, 86, 87, 93, 112, 121, 149, 174, 193, 234-37, 238, 251, 253, 254, 274, 281-82, 292, 323n82; Altar of, 1, 3, 13, 214, 215, 234-36, 308n17; emperor as son(Tianzi) of 黄帝作为天子, 10, 66, 120, 237; Heavenly principle(tianli), 6, 7, 125, 195; laws(Tianze)of 天则, 125, 193; Mandate(Tianming) of 天命, 10, 48, 108, 150, 166, 208, 213, 222, 247, 249-50, 273, 339n106; mind of, 247, 346n27; power(Tianwei) of 天威, 247, 346n26; Temple of 天坛, 1-2, 3, 15, 234-36; will of 天意, 122, 187, 247, 248, 280; worshipped by Yuan Shikai 袁世凯祭天, 1-3, 234-37, 248, 281

“hepi,”阖辟 34, 41, 311n29

Herder, Johann Gottfried 赫尔德, 147

Hevia, James 何伟亚, 94, 319n22

hierarchy, social: and Confucianism 等级、社会: 与儒学, 133, 137, 139-40, 146, 149, 198-99, 238, 256, 277-78, 290, 293; in imperial law 帝国法律的等级, 11; in monarchy 君主制的等级, 11, 175, 276; as natural 天然的等级, 120-21, 123, 125; relationship to duties 等级与义务的关系, 10, 75, 85-86, 146, 175; and righteousness(yi) 等级和义, 36. See also Three Bonds(san'gang) 也参见三纲

Hirschman, Albert O. 阿尔伯特·赫希曼, 133, 135

Hobbes, Thomas 霍布斯, 106-7, 114, 115, 322n82

Hon, Tze⁃ki 韩子奇, 325n11

Hong Liangpin 洪良品, 136

Hong Kong 香港, 47

Hou Yi 侯毅, 345n5

Howard, Richard C. 理查德·霍华德, 312n39

Howland, Douglas R. 赫兰德, 311n9, 318n79, 319n22, 320n39

Hsiao, Kung⁃chuan 萧公权, 38, 313n78; A Modern China and a New World, 311n10

Hu Hanmin: on democracy 胡汉民: 论民主, 186; on land nationalization 论土地国有化, 203; on popular will 论民意, 218; on republicanism 论共和主义, 185-86; on socialism 论社会主义, 203; on state ownership of land 论土地国有, 202; and Tongmenghui 胡汉民和同盟会, 183

Hu Shi 胡适, 269, 350n120

Huang, Max Ko⁃wu 黄克武, 31n79, 78-79

Huang Minlan 黄敏兰, 314n1

Huang Xing 黄兴, 209, 230

Huang Zongxi 黄宗羲, 75; on equality 论平等, 156; on loyalty, 16; Mingru xue'an 明儒学案, 193, 337n56; Plan for the Prince 明夷待访录, 14-15, 141, 308n21; on sage⁃kings 论圣王, 15; on the state 论国家, 14-15, 177

Huang Zunxian: on Christianity 黄遵宪: 论基督教, 21, 125, 126; on Confucianism 论儒学, 143; on democracy 论民主, 126, 127; on equality 论平等, 125; in Hunan province 在湖南省, 126-27; on imperial state 论帝制国家, 127; on Japan 论日本, 42, 125-26, 127; on Western learning 论西学, 126

Huangdi. See Yellow Emperor 黄帝

Huanghuagang Uprising 黄花岗起义, 218, 219, 340n16

Hubei 湖北, 120, 128, 208, 217, 217-18. See also Wuchang Uprising 也参见武昌起义

Hui 会, 158-59, 214, 227, 287

Humanity 人, 10, 13, 248

human rights(renquan) 人权, 189, 195, 256, 257, 278, 285, 351n11

Hunan 湖南, 162, 208, 209; Academy of Current Affairs in Changsha 长沙时务学堂, 58, 131; reactionaries in 反对派在, 130-46, 277-78; Zhang Zhidong in 张之洞在, 120, 126, 128

Huxley, T. H. 赫胥黎, 83

Illustrated Vernacular History of China 绘图中国白话史, 179-80

imperial system 帝制, 1-4, 7, 9-16; emperor as absent 皇帝缺席, 12-13; emperor as charismatic 皇帝的魅力, 11-12, 18, 36, 37, 38, 53-54, 246, 247-48, 275; emperor as son of Heaven(Tianzi) 皇帝作为天子, 10, 66, 120, 237; imperial ancestors 帝国祖先, 13; imperial edicts 诏书, 18, 66; imperial grace 皇家恩典, 14; memorializing the throne 上奏建言, 25, 39, 40-41, 46, 125, 145; orthodox succession(zhengtong) 正统, 11, 17, 169, 179; road of speech(yanhu) 言路, 18-19, 25, 145; sacred knowledge 神圣知识, 282-83; virtue(de) and emperorship 德和帝位, 9, 10-11. See also examination system; Qing dynasty; rituals, imperial 也参见科举制度;清朝;仪式;帝国

independence(zizhu) 自主, 256, 257

India 印度, 69, 122

institutional reform movement 维新运动, 55

integrity 正直, 31

Intellectuals 知识分子, viii-x, 310n49; Japanese, 42; late Qing 晚清, 5-7, 14, 16, 21, 22, 55, 83, 89, 95, 98, 112, 142, 147, 149-51, 157, 168-69, 173, 178, 180 187, 190-91, 200, 201-2, 207, 272, 274, 280, 284-287, 289, 290, 293, 295-96; Republican 共和, 213, 240-41, 254, 255, 259, 263, 268, 271, 282, 289; revolutionary 革命, 172, 181-82, 278

international law 国际法, 89-90, 91-92, 93, 94, 147, 276

Introductory Textbook on Self⁃Cultivation 蒙学修身教科书, 130

Iran 伊朗, 293

Ishikawa, Yoshihiro 石川祯浩, 329nn20,22

Islam 伊斯兰, 172, 282

Jade Emperor 玉皇大帝, 12

Japan: attitudes regarding the state in 日本: 对日本国家的态度, 96, 98, 99; Chinese exiles in 在日本的中国流亡者, 59, 71-72, 76, 77, 149, 153, 155, 183, 190, 191-93, 201, 203, 246, 329n22, 337n39; Chinese students in 在日本的中国学生, 155, 201, 208, 330n35; colonization of Korea 对朝鲜的殖民, 72; constitutionalism in 日本的立宪主义, 313n64, 317n59, 322n73; Diet 饮食, 73, 313n64; educational system 教育制度, 70, 71, 128; historiography in 在日本的中国史学, 334n103; Jimmu 天皇, 172; Meiji period 明治时期, 26, 35, 41-45, 69-74, 81, 98-99, 113, 126, 127, 128, 166, 168, 185, 193, 244, 259, 279, 291, 312nn49,56, 313n64, 320n39, 321n47; People's Rights Movement in 在日本的民权运动, 126, 127; relations with imperial China 与中华帝国的关系, 19, 24, 28, 29, 42, 46, 59, 121, 151, 181, 310n9; relations with Republic of China 与中华民国的关系, 2, 242, 287; and Shandong 与山东, 240; socialism in 在日本的社会主义, 201; Tokugawa shogunate 德川幕府, 70; during WWI 二战期间, 240, 242

Jellinek, Georg 耶利内克, 189

Jenco, Leigh 李蕾, 259-60

jeopardy thesis 危险论, 133

Jesus 耶稣, 148, 149, 166, 172

Jiading massacre 嘉定大屠杀, 162-63, 164, 241

Jiangnan Arsenal 江南制造局, 20

jiao 教, 57

Johnston, Reginald 庄士敦, 350n120

journals 记者, 26

Kang Youwei 康有为, 29-41, 172, 286, 309n33, 333n82; on autocracy 论专制, 39, 40, 43, 45, 251; on benevolence(ren) 论仁, 33, 36, 37, 38, 40, 51, 52-53, 69; Book of the Commonweal(Datong shu) 大同书, 47, 51-52, 59, 205, 313n78; on boundaries 论界限, 52, 53, 197; and Buddhism 佛教, 31, 36, 52, 314n79; “chronological autobiography 编年体自传,” 31; A Complete Book of Substantial Truths and Universal Principles 实理公法全书, 32-33; and Confucian Association 孔教会, 250; on Confucianism and republicanism 论儒学和共和主义, 143, 251, 282; on Confucius as reformer 论孔子作为改革家, 48-49, 123, 136, 148, 275; on Confucius as uncrowned king 论孔子作为素王, 46, 48, 68, 136, 141, 166, 275, 314n85; criticisms of 对康有为的批判, 87-88, 123, 130-31, 132, 134, 135-36, 138, 141-42, 165, 276, 314n78; on Datong(Great Harmony) 论大同, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 87-88, 135, 141, 165, 201, 236, 249, 289, 314n78, 329n22; on democracy 论民主, 33, 39-40, 48, 50, 52, 135, 313n64; on equality 论平等, 33, 36, 37, 51, 52, 123, 135, 138-39, 141, 286-87; Esoteric and Exoteric Essays of Master Kang 康有为艰深和通俗的作品, 33-36, 41; An Examination of the Forged Classics of the Xin Dynasty 关于新朝伪造经典的考察, 48; on expulsion of Puyi 论驱逐溥仪, 269-70; on imperial charisma 论帝国魅力, 18, 36, 37, 38; on imperial power 论帝国权力, 34-38, 41, 45, 313n64; on individual autonomy 论个人自治, 33; influence of contractarian theory on 契约论对康有为的影响, 89; on institutions 论制度, 25, 33, 38, 39-40, 48, 49, 50, 136, 168; interpretation of Confucian classics 对儒家经典的解释, 38, 46-53, 135-36, 276, 313nn66, 69; on king as mediator(zhongbao) 论皇帝作为中保, 33; vs. Liang Qichao 和梁启超, 56, 57, 58-59, 60, 61, 62, 68, 69, 70, 71, 76, 87-88, 89, 165, 276, 277, 315n17; on Meiji Japan 论明治日本, 41-45, 69, 71, 312n56; on monarchy 论君主制, 8, 33-38, 63, 263, 275, 283, 311n24, 312n39, 314n85; motivation of 动力, 31; on national unity 论国家统一, 39, 43, 44, 52, 313n64; and New Text school 和今文经学, 30, 39, 46-47, 48-50, 53, 54, 56, 76, 87, 135-36, 165, 249, 275; on Peter the Great 论彼得大帝, 41; on politics 论政治, 70, 71; on progress 论进步, 46-47, 48, 49-53, 54, 59, 61, 62, 74, 76, 87-88, 249, 314nn78,83, 315n17; on race 论种族, 152, 167; and reform movement of 1898 和戊戌变法, 8, 24-25, 28, 31, 32, 39, 40-41, 46, 53, 71-72, 166; relationship with Liang Qichao 跟梁启超的关系, 8, 24, 30, 56, 58; relationship with Ou Jujia 跟欧榘甲的关系, 67; relationship with Yuan Shikai 跟袁世凯的关系, 263; relationship with Zhang Binglin 跟章炳麟的关系, 182; relationship with Zhu Ciqi 跟朱次琦的关系, 31; during restoration of Qing in 1917 在1917年复辟期间, 262-63; on righteousness(yi)论义, 36, 38, 69; on ruler⁃subject relationship 论君臣关系, 33, 36, 39-40, 43, 44, 64; on sage⁃kings 论圣王, 36-37, 40, 48, 50-51, 55, 62, 68, 70, 71, 251, 275, 314n85; self⁃image as sage 作为圣人的自我形象, 31, 32; and Society to Protect the Emperor 和保皇会, 31, 154, 182; Study of Japan's Reforms日本变政考, 42-45; and Study Society for Strengthening 和自强会, 22; on suffering 论忍受苦难, 34, 35, 51-52;

Kang Youwei(continued)vs. Tan Sitong 康有为(继续)和谭嗣同, 148; on Three Ages 论三世, 49-51, 74, 87-88, 135; as tourist 作为旅行者, 32, 59, 192; universalism of 康有为的普遍主义, 33, 51, 52-53, 69, 276, 314n85; utopianism of 康有为的乌托邦主义, 8, 41, 46, 47, 48, 51, 53, 205-6, 273, 312n38, 314n78; vs. Yan Fu 康有为和严复, 83, 87, 275; vs. Ye Dehui 康有为和叶德辉, 131; vs. Zhang Binglin 康有为和章炳麟, 165, 166, 167, 168; vs. Zhang Zhidong 康有为和张之洞, 122, 123, 127

Kangxi emperor 康熙皇帝, 13, 62, 70, 308n16

Kant, Immanuel 康德, 107, 318n74

Karl, Rebecca 瑞贝卡·卡尔, 157

Katō Hiroyuki 加藤弘之, 76, 98, 108

Kheshigbatu 克什巴图, 14

kowtow 扣头, 216, 232, 234, 237, 238

Kuhn, Philip 孔飞力, 27, 273, 292

Kwong, Luke S. K.: A Mosaic of the Hundred Days 邝兆江:百日维新的碎片, 310n2

Land and Grain 社稷, 13, 237, 308n17

land equalization 平均地权, 183-84, 200, 206. See also socialism 也参见社会主义

Landlords 地主, 186, 197, 202, 203, 205

land nationalization 土地国有, 202-3, 205

Lantern Festival 元宵节, 239

Laozi 老子, 113

law books 法律书籍, 98-104, 321n44

Laws 法律, 11, 144-45, 197, 199, 323n87, 328n113; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论法律, 68, 74, 108; Yang Tingdong on 谭嗣同论法律, 101-2

Lee, Haiyan 李海燕, 191

Legalism 法制主义, 34, 35, 38, 39, 114, 175

Lenin, V.I. 列宁, 287, 288, 289

Lesser Peace(xiaokang) 小康, 50, 51, 171

Levenson, Joseph 列文森, 324n1, 344n1; Confucian China and Its Modern Fate 儒家中国及其近代命运, 5-6, 7, 307n3, 309n41

Li Dazhao: on democracy 李大钊: 论民主, 260-61, 348n76; on progress 论进步, 282

Li Hesheng 李和生, 338n64

Li Hongzhang 李鸿章, 20, 22, 42, 83, 120, 283

Li Lianying 李莲英, 208

Li, San⁃pao 李三宝, 35

Li Shizeng 李石曾, 266, 267, 271

Li Yuanhong 黎元洪, 208-9, 217, 218, 221, 230, 262, 340n18

Li Zehou 李泽厚, 310n2, 314n78

Liang Dingfen 梁鼎芬, 141

Liang Qichao 梁启超, 162, 163, 177, 182, 280, 309n33, 318n81, 336n23; at Academy of Current Affairs(Shiwu xuetang) 在时务学堂, 58, 59, 158, 246; on administrative efficiency 论行政效率, 71, 317n52; anti⁃Manchuism of 梁启超的反满主义, 76, 152, 329n22, 330n30; on aristocracy 论贵族, 60, 64, 74, 116, 169, 170, 204; Autobiography at Thirty 三十自述, 58-59; on autonomy and rights 论自治与权利, 66-67, 75, 156; and Buddhism 佛教, 58, 59; vs. Chen Duxiu 和陈独秀, 258, 259; “China's Weaknesses Are Due to Preventing Problems 论中国的积弱由于防弊,” 66, 75; on Chinese people 论中国人, 61, 64, 65, 79, 80, 104, 110, 117, 158, 159, 169, 259, 322n69; on Christianity 论基督教, 141; on citizens 论公民, 56, 76-77, 109, 110, 151, 258, 276, 324n125; civic nationalism of 梁启超的公民民族主义, 76-77, 158, 276; on civic virtue(gongde)vs. personal virtue(side) 论公德和私德, 77-79; on coercion 论强制, 109, 110, 112-13, 116; on Confucianism 论儒学, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, 68, 79, 87, 88, 111, 141, 254, 275-76, 282, 329n22, 350n4; on Confucius as uncrowned king 论孔子作为素王, 60; on conservative vs. progressive nations 论保守国家和进步国家, 69; on constitutionalism 论立宪主义, 56, 73-74, 76, 105, 110, 117, 118, 145, 159, 224, 276, 292, 322n73; criticisms of 对梁启超的批评, 123, 130-31, 132, 134, 141-42, 145, 185, 186, 187, 189, 203, 205; on democracy 论民主, 59, 60, 61-62, 64, 65, 73-74, 75, 76, 104, 105, 108, 109, 116-17, 118, 141, 143, 169, 188, 189, 246, 315n24, 316n48, 317n68, 322n73, 329n22; on despotism 论专制, 70, 79, 107, 109, 112-14, 115, 117, 118, 185, 186, 187, 189, 200, 204, 276, 279, 316n48; on equality 论平等, 109, 141, 276; “An Examination of Ancient Parliaments 古议院考,” 64; “General Discussion of Reform 变法通议,” 62, 64, 69; on grouping(qun) 论群, 61, 62, 63-64, 69, 115, 324n125; on historiography 论史学, 169, 333n86; on Hobbes, 106-7, 115, 322n82; “How Strange! The So⁃Called Question of the National Polity 异哉所谓国体问题者,” 246, 345n19; on imperial charisma 论帝国魅力, 64; on imperial institution 论帝国机构, 59; on imperialism 论帝国主义, 108-9; on imperial state 论帝国国家, 59-69, 104, 106, 108, 112, 114, 116, 130; in Japan 在日本, 59, 69, 76, 149, 153, 170, 203, 329n22; as journalist 作为记者, 58; on Kang Youwei 论康有为, 30, 313n66; vs. Kang Youwei 梁启超和康有为, 56, 57, 58-59, 60, 61, 62, 68, 69, 70, 71, 76, 87-88, 89, 165, 276, 277, 315n17; on laws 论法律, 68, 74, 108; on liberty 论自由, 107-8, 112, 114, 115, 200; on Meiji Japan 论明治日本, 69-74, 113; on monarchy 论君主制, 60, 61-62, 63, 64-66, 69, 70, 73-74, 76, 104, 105, 116-17, 169-71, 185, 224, 245, 246, 276, 317n48, 317n59, 322n73, 333n88, 334n97; on morality 论道德, 77-83, 87, 107, 115, 193, 259, 277, 282, 317nn74,76, 324n125; on nationalism 论民族主义, 59, 108-9, 158, 159, 276; on nationalist/statist consciousness 论民族/国家意识, 104-5, 106, 111, 151, 198; on national unity 论国家统一, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68, 70, 88, 109; New Citizen(Xinminshuo) 新民说, 77, 111-12, 154; and New Text school 和今文经学, 56, 58, 60, 76, 88, 115, 152, 276, 315n12, 324n125; “Ode to Young China 少年中国说,” 172; “On Civic Virtue 论公德,” 77; on origins of humanity 论人类的起源, 152, 330n26; vs. Ou, 67, 68; “Personal Virtue 论私德,” 77, 317n68; on popular power 论公众力量, 66-67; on progress 论进步, 57, 59-61, 62, 74, 76, 111, 143, 169-72, 200, 276, 279, 315n12, 333n88, 334n97; on protecting the nation 论保国, 57; on public⁃mindedness(gong) 论公, 61-62, 63, 65-66, 69, 75, 77, 87, 171, 292; on race 论种族, 151-54, 158, 171, 329n22, 330nn26,28,30; relationship with Kang Youwei 梁启超跟康有为的关系, 8, 24, 30, 56, 58; relationship with Tan Sitong 梁启超跟谭嗣同的关系, 58; relationship with Yuan Shikai 跟袁世凯的关系, 212, 243, 245, 246, 280, 345n19; on religion, 57; on the Republic 论共和国, 245; on republicanism 论共和主义, 64, 76, 118, 185, 245, 322n73, 323n96; and Republican national anthem 和共和国国歌, 224, 225; on revolutionaries 论革命, 62, 76, 77, 79-80, 81, 82, 110, 118, 185, 194, 203, 204, 245, 276, 317n68, 322n69, 323n96; during Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命期间, 209; after Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命之后, 212; on rights 论权利, 75, 111-12, 199-200, 317n65, 323n109, 324n115, 338n81; on Rousseau 论卢梭, 106, 107-8, 109-10, 188; on ruler⁃subject relationship 论君臣关系, 60, 61, 63, 66, 70, 105, 108, 113-14, 170; on sages/sage⁃kings 论圣人/圣王, 62, 68-69, 70, 71, 107, 169-71; on self⁃examination 论自我检查, 82-83, 87; on selfishness(si)论私, 65, 66-67, 69, 75, 77, 87, 292; social Darwinism of 梁启超的社会达尔文主义, 60, 76, 89, 108, 113, 117, 151, 152, 153-54, 169, 170, 200, 315n12, 322n69; on socialism vs. capitalism 论社会主义与资本主义, 203-5; on sovereignty 论主权, 73, 109, 110, 113, 116; on the state 论国家, 56, 57, 63-64, 73-74, 76-77, 78, 104-18, 123, 130, 151, 158, 169, 171-72, 199, 200, 203-4, 258, 276, 322n69, 323n109, 324n115; statism of 梁启超的国家主义, 8, 104-17, 106, 123, 200, 204, 322n69; on Tan Sitong 论谭嗣同, 149; on Three Ages 论三世, 59-61, 74; on truth 论真理, 58; in United States 在美国, 317n68; vs. Wang Jingwei 梁启超和汪精卫, 188, 189; vs. Yan Fu 梁启超和严复, 83, 87, 89, 201, 276; on Yellow Emperor 论黄帝, 171, 173, 225; vs. Zhang Binglin 梁启超和章炳麟, 292, 351n30; vs. Zhang Zhidong 梁启超和张之洞, 122, 123, 127, 129; vs. Zou Rong 梁启超和邹容, 156

Liang Shiyi 梁士诒, 237

Liao Ping 廖平, 313n69

Liaodong Peninsula 辽东半岛, 28

liberty 自由, 165, 196-97, 244; individual autonomy 个人自治, 21, 33, 66, 75, 109, 124, 126, 137, 156, 198, 199, 256, 257; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论自由, 107-8, 112, 114, 115, 200; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论自由, 197; Zou Rong on 邹容论自由, 156, 195-96

Lin Mingde 林明德, 312n49

Lin, Yu⁃sheng 林毓生, 7

Lin Xie 林獬, 334n106; Essence of the Social Contract in China 中国民约精义, 74-75

Lin Zexu 林则徐, 19

Liu Dapeng 刘大鹏, 142

Liu, Lydia 刘禾, 319n22

Liu Shipei: as anarchist 刘师培: 作为无政府主义者, 168, 178, 197, 200, 206; anti⁃Manchuism of 刘师培的反满主义, 173; Book of Expulsion 攘书, 174; on Confucianism 论儒学, 175, 332n72; on democracy 论民主, 260; on duties, 197, 198; on education 论教育, 176; on equality 论平等, 178, 197-98; Essence of the Social Contract in China 中国民约精义, 74-75, 174-75; on father⁃sun (1)  relationship 论父子关系, 177; “Imperial Government and the Restoration of Antiquity 君政复古论,” 245; on imperial power 论帝国权力, 174-75, 176-77; on independence 论独立, 198; on individual autonomy 论个人自治, 197-98; on liberty 论自由, 197; on monarchy 论君主制, 174-75; and Old Text school 和古文经学, 165-66; on origin of the state 论国家的起源, 175-76; Origins of Ancient Learning 古政原始论, 175; and Peace Planning Society 和筹安会, 243; on race 论种族, 173-74; on rights 论权利, 197-98; on ruler⁃subject relationship 论君臣关系, 174-75, 176-77; on shamanism 论萨满教, 176; on social class 论社会阶层, 175, 178; on Three Bonds 论三纲, 197; on well⁃field(jingtian)system 论井田制, 177-78, 335n128; on Yellow Emperor 论黄帝, 172, 173, 174, 175-76, 334nn101,114; Yuan Shipei supported by 支持袁世凯, 245; on Zhou institutions 论周朝的制度, 165, 279

Liu Xiaofeng 刘小枫, 249-50

Liulichang 琉璃厂, 214, 215

Liuqiu(Ryukyu)Islands 琉球群岛, 69

Louis XIV 路易十四, 111

Lü Liuliang 吕留良, 14

Lu Ruibo 鹿瑞伯, 265

Lu Xun: on Revolution of 1911 鲁迅: 论辛亥革命, 240-41

Luo Zhitian 罗志田, 326n57

Ma, Ming Empress 明朝马皇后, 35

Machiavelli, Niccolò 马基雅维利, 114, 115

Mai Menghua 麦孟华, 328n113; on democracy 论民主, 63; on monarchy 论君主制, 62-63; on sovereignty 论主权, 62, 63

Manchukuo “满洲国”, 242

Manchus 满人, 150, 151, 174, 214, 227, 287; relations with Han Chinese 跟汉人的关系, 9, 14, 16-17, 25, 55, 56, 59, 63, 70, 147, 152, 153, 154-64, 279, 284, 330n33. See also anti⁃Manchuism; Qing dynasty 也参见反满主义;清朝

Mao Zedong 毛泽东, 285; on class 论阶级, 288-89; “On New Democracy 新民主主义论,” 288; “On the People's Democratic Dictatorship 论人民民主专政,” 288-89; on the state 论国家, 288-89

Marin, Louis 路易斯·马林, 308n14

Martin, W. A. P. 丁韪良, 89-90, 94, 95

Marx, Karl 卡尔·马克思, 205

Mazzini, Giuseppe 马志尼, 147

Meiji Restoration 明治维新, 44, 69-70, 81, 126, 193, 259, 312n49, 325n27. See also Japan 也参见日本

memorializing the throne 向皇帝上奏, 25, 39, 40-41, 46, 125, 145

Mencius 孟子, 140, 148, 224, 225, 251, 277, 345n25; on benevolence and governance 论仁与治, 248, 345n8, 346n29; on monarchy 论君主制, 112, 244; on Mozi 论墨子, 137; on people, state, and ruler 论人民、国家和统治者, 54, 86, 108

Meng Xiangcai 孟祥才, 345n19

merchants 商人, 202, 210, 220

Mexico 墨西哥, 293

Miao 苗, 173, 174, 175, 342n56

military arts(shangwu) 尚武, 128

Mill, John Stuart 约翰·穆勒, 144; On Liberty论自由, 318n79

Ming dynasty 明朝, 6, 9, 16, 33, 172, 249, 315n2, 325n5, 337n56; Qing conquest of 清朝推翻明朝, 8, 14, 157, 160-64, 166, 167, 206-7, 241, 279-80, 333n78

Ming Taizu 明太祖, 35, 36-37, 62, 206-7, 289

Mingru xue'an 明儒学案, 193, 337n56

Missionaries 传教士, 201; missionary publications 传教出版物, 19, 20; missionary schools 教会学校, 22

Mitchell, Timothy: on the state 蒂莫西·米切尔: 论国家, 291, 292, 351n28

Mittler, Barbara 梅嘉乐, 18-19

Mizoguchi Yūzō 沟口雄三, 87

modernization theory 近代化理论, 6

Mohism 墨家, 36, 39, 141, 175

monarchy 君主制, 87, 96-97, 102, 196, 261, 292-93; absolute monarchy 绝对君主制, 33-38, 73, 91, 98, 189, 246, 317n59; constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制, 29, 39-40, 60, 72, 73-74, 76, 86, 98, 105, 127, 145-46, 159, 179, 185, 186, 207, 210, 224, 243, 244-45, 246, 259, 272, 278, 280, 293, 317n59, 345n5; Kang Youwei on 康有为论君主制, 8, 33-38, 263, 275, 283, 311n24, 312n39, 314n85; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论君主制, 60, 61-62, 63, 64-66, 69, 70, 73-74, 76, 104, 105, 116-17, 169-71, 185, 224, 245, 246, 276, 317n48, 317n59, 322n73, 333n88, 334n97; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论君主制, 174-75; Mai Menghua on 麦孟华论君主制, 62-63; Ou Jujia on 欧榘甲论君主制, 67, 68; relationship to Confucianism 跟儒学的关系, 9-10, 35-36, 37-39, 238, 256, 257, 273, 275, 282, 319n23; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论君主制, 188-89; Wheaton on 惠顿论君主制, 91; Yan Fu on 严复论君主制, 83-87, 121-22, 275, 345n5; Ye Dehui on 叶德辉论君主制, 135, 139. See also imperial system; Qing dynasty 也参见帝制;清朝

Mongolia 蒙古, 227, 270, 287

Mongols 蒙古人, 151, 158-59, 160, 164, 179, 206-7, 214, 219, 227, 270, 279, 287

Montesquieu, baron de 孟德斯鸠, 127; on separation of powers 论分权, 101

Morgan, Edmund 埃德蒙·摩根, 293

Mozi 墨子, 21, 125, 127, 137, 148, 322n82

Murray, Hugh: Encyclopedia of Geography 休·默里: 地理百科全书, 19

Nanjing 南京, 213, 215, 218, 222, 226, 241, 339n4

Napoleonic legal code 拿破仑法典, 321n60

National Congress of Representatives 国民代表大会, 243

national dignity 民族尊严, 191

national essence(guocui) 国粹, 164-80, 183, 332n70

National Essence Journal(Guocui xuebao) 国粹学报, 165

National Essence school 国粹派, 164-68

nationalism 民族主义, 5-6, 150, 157-58, 178, 331n43; Chen Duxiu on 陈独秀论民族主义, 257-58, 351n11; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论民族主义, 59, 108-9, 158, 159, 276; national identity 民族认同, 4, 8, 27, 181, 278, 294, 340n8; relationship to statism 跟国家主义的关系, 4, 76-77; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论民族主义, 182, 183-85

National Palace Museum 故宫博物院, 3, 266-67, 281

National Protection(huguo) Movement 护国运动, 246

nation/people(minzu) 民族, 110, 157, 171, 173, 214, 223, 278, 279, 287-88, 329n11; nation⁃states 民族国家, 5, 26, 76, 147, 150, 154-58, 169, 172, 184-85, 200, 201, 274, 278-79, 279, 284, 286-87, 289-90, 292, 294-96, 314n78, 318n79

natural law 自然法, 92, 96, 321n60

natural rights(tianfu renquan) 天赋人权, 195, 196, 198, 199

New Army 新军, 181, 208-9

New Culture Movement 新文化运动, 247n55, 255-61, 264, 269, 275, 282, 284, 285

New Policy reforms 新政改革, 72, 143, 278, 286, 294, 321n43, 344n105

newspapers 报纸, 19, 20, 126, 207, 221, 265, 274

New Text school: and Kang Youwei 今文经学: 和康有为, 30, 39, 46-47, 48-50, 53, 54, 56, 76, 87, 135-36, 165, 249, 275; and Liang Qichao 和梁启超, 56, 58, 60, 76, 88, 115, 152, 276, 315n12, 324n125

New Youth 新青年, 255, 256-57

Ning Xiewan 宁协万, 269, 350n123

Odes 颂歌, 274

Old Text school 古文经学, 47, 48, 136, 165-66, 249

Opium War of 1839-42 第一次鸦片战争, 17, 19, 28, 92

Opium War of 1856-60 第二次鸦片战争, 28, 32, 92, 319n13

orthodox succession(zhengtong) 正统, 11, 17, 169, 179

Ottoman empire 奥斯曼帝国, 69, 122, 293

Ou Jujia: on democracy 欧榘甲: 论民主, 67; vs. Kang 和康有为, 67, 68; vs. Liang 和梁启超, 60, 67; on monarchy 论民主, 67, 68; on reform 论改革, 67-68; “Reform of the Various Nations Stems from the People 论大地各国变法皆由民起,” 67-68; republicanism of 欧榘甲的共和主义, 316n37

Overseas Chinese 海外华人, 155, 182

Pan Gu 盘古, 180

Peace Planning Society(Chouanhui) 筹安会, 243, 247-48, 345n5

Peking University 北京大学, 255-56, 260, 263, 269

Peng Zezhou 彭泽周, 45

People's Journal, The(Minbao) 民报, 157, 182, 183

people's livelihood(minsheng) 民生, 202, 203

People's Republic of China 中华民国, 288-90; citizenship in 中华民国公民, 296; economic conditions 经济状况, 6; as multinational state 作为多民族国家, 289

personal dignity 个人尊严, 191

perversity thesis 悖谬论, 133

Peter the Great 彼得大帝, 26, 41, 69, 70, 138

Pi Jiayou 皮嘉祐, 132

Poland 波兰, 69

political culture defined 政治文化定义, 3-4

political modernity 政治近代化, 1, 202

popular festivals 大众节日, 217, 219, 220, 232, 239, 250-51

popular fiction 通俗小说, 207-8

popular power(minquan) 民权, 19, 26, 66-67, 278, 315n24, 316n35

popular religion 民间宗教, 12, 285, 294

population growth 人口增长, 27, 310n6

Portugal 葡萄牙, 293

practical arts(shangshi) 尚实, 128

Primary School Textbook on Self⁃Cultivation 小学修身教科书, 130

principle of independence(zizhu) 自主, 91

principle(yili) 义理, 136, 140

progress 进步, 96, 278-79; Chen Duxiu on 陈独秀论进步, 256, 257-58; Kang Youwei on 康有为论进步, 46-47, 48, 49-53, 54, 59, 61, 62, 74, 76, 87-88, 249, 314nn78,83, 315n17; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论进步, 57, 59-61, 62, 74, 76, 111, 143, 169-72, 200, 276, 279, 315n12, 333n88, 334n97; Li Dazhao on 李大钊论进步, 282. See also social Darwinism 也参见社会达尔文主义

provincial assemblies 省议会, 145

public⁃mindedness(shanggong) 尚公, 128-29

public sphere 公共领域 7, 23, 87, 104, 191, 272, 274, 284, 291. See also newspapers 也参见报纸

Pusey, James, China and Charles Darwin 浦嘉珉: 中国与达尔文, 330n30

Puyi: childhood 溥仪: 童年, 261; expulsion from Forbidden City 被驱逐出紫禁城, 264-70, 271, 281, 350n120; restoration of 1917 张勋复辟, 240, 242, 262-64, 263, 265, 268, 269, 271, 281, 350n119

Qianlong emperor 乾隆皇帝, 9, 13, 27, 170

Qian Mu 钱穆, 314n78

Qin dynasty 秦朝, 15, 47, 65, 85, 167, 170, 175, 283, 287, 333n82

Qing dynasty 清朝, 26, 53, 56-57, 59, 62, 70, 72, 86, 97, 115, 122-23, 172, 179, 187, 232, 237, 325n5; abdication of Qing court 清廷退位, 213, 219, 230, 243, 261-62, 280; and Articles of Favorable Treatment 优待条件, 232-33, 261-62, 266, 268, 269-70, 350n119; and Chambers brothers' Political Economy 钱伯斯兄弟的政治经济学, 97; conquest of Ming dynasty 推翻明朝, 8, 14, 157, 160-64, 166, 167, 206-7, 241, 279-80, 333n78; and constitutionalism 和立宪主义, 145-46, 182, 209, 210, 290-91; imperial family 皇室, 232-33; intellectuals during 清朝时期的知识分子, 4-5, 6-7, 14, 16-23, 24-29, 89, 98, 147, 150, 151, 157, 168-69, 173-74, 178, 181-82, 190-91, 200, 201-2, 272, 274, 278, 284, 285-87, 290, 310n49; loyalty to 忠于清朝, 2, 7, 134, 139, 142, 262, 264, 281, 283; national anthem, 222; postage stamps during, 340n9; restoration of 1917 张勋复辟, 240, 242, 262-64, 265, 268, 269, 271, 281, 350n119; and Revised Articles of Favorable Treatment 和优待条件的修订条款, 264, 268; rise of 清朝的兴起, 8-9, 160-64, 279-80; state school system 国立学校系统, 22, 127-29, 159, 178-80; taxation during 清朝的税收, 134; and treaty system 和条约体系, 92-95; weaknesses of 清朝的弱点, 16-17, 27-29; and Wheaton's Elements of International Law 惠顿的万国公法, 89-92, 94, 318n5, 320n24. See also imperial system 也参见帝制

queues 队列, 160, 215, 216, 232, 239, 262, 263, 265, 330n33

race(zhongzu) 种族, 150-60, 161, 163-64, 167, 329n13; Kang Youwei on 康有为论种族, 152, 167; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论种族, 151-54, 158, 171, 329n22, 330nn26,28,30; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论种族, 173-74; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论种族, 187; Yan Fu on 严复论种族, 151

rationality 理性, 96. See also secular 也参见世俗

Reception(kun) 坤, 34

recovery(huifu) 恢复, 206

reform movement of 1898 戊戌变法, 24-29, 53-55, 57, 86, 149, 166, 170, 277, 310n2, 315n24, 328n113; Empress Dowager Cixi during 戊戌变法期间的慈禧太后, 8, 24, 25-26, 28, 72; failure of, 8, 19, 24, 26, 29, 31, 32, 59, 71-72, 76, 87-88, 117, 126-27, 145, 154; and Guangxu emperor 戊戌变法和光绪皇帝, 8, 19, 24-25, 39, 40-41, 42, 43; and Kang Youwei 戊戌变法和康有为, 8, 24-25, 28, 31, 32, 39, 40-41, 46, 53, 71-72, 166

Reinsch, Paul 芮恩施, 1, 233-34, 343n73

Renaissance 文艺复兴, European 欧洲, 276

republicanism 共和主义, 2, 3-4, 8, 149, 154, 156, 164-65, 181, 196-97, 198, 209, 278, 294; and Confucianism 共和主义和儒学, 143-45, 249-55, 282, 293; Hu Hanmin on 胡汉民论共和主义, 185-86; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论共和主义, 64, 76, 118, 185, 245, 322n73, 323n96; of Ou Jujia 欧榘甲的共和主义, 316n37; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论共和主义, 187-88; Yang Du on 杨度论共和主义, 158, 159, 243, 244, 263; Ye Dehui on 叶德辉论共和主义, 139; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论共和主义, 168, 183, 184, 185, 336n11. See also anti⁃Manchuism; democracy; rituals, republican; Sun Yat⁃sen; Tongmenghui 也参见反满主义;民主;仪式;共和;孙中山;同盟会

Republic Commemoration Society(Gonghe jinianhui) 共和纪念会, 214

Republic of China: citizenship in 中华民国: 在中华民国的公民, 214, 216-17, 241; constitution of 中华民国的宪法, 236, 247n42, 252, 280; disillusionment with 对中华民国的幻灭, 216, 240-41; Double Ten commemoration 双十纪念, 214-22, 223, 228, 229-30, 232, 238, 239-40, 280-81, 340n18, 342n65; education in 中华民国的教育, 252; freedom of religion in 中华民国的宗教自由, 251, 254-55; government of 中华民国政府, 212; militarization in 中华民国的军事, 231, 232, 237-38, 254, 262, 280; Ministry of Education 教育部, 222, 224, 236, 252; as multinational state 作为过民族国家, 5, 289, 351n24; national anthem 国歌, 216, 222-28, 341n38; National Assembly 国会, 217, 218, 220, 224, 227, 228, 230-31, 247n42, 339n4, 340n18, 342n65; national flag 国旗, 216, 217, 226-30, 264, 281, 342n55; national identity in 中华民国的民族认同, 215, 216, 217; parliament 议会, 213; postage stamps 邮票, 238, 340n9; solar calendar used by 中华民国使用的公历, 213, 217, 219, 262, 264, 280; territory of 中华民国的领土, 226-27, 270; unity of the five peoples in 中华民国的五族共和, 214, 225, 226-27, 229-30, 235, 281, 287, 341n38; women in 中华民国的女性, 215, 284-85, 291, 339n4, 344n99. See also rituals, republican也参见仪式,共和

restoration(guangfu) 光复, 164, 165, 166, 206, 238-39, 279

revenge(fuchou) 复仇, 163-64, 166, 167, 168, 210, 241

Revised Articles of Favorable Treatment 优待条件的修订条款, 264, 268

Revive China Society(Xing Zhong hui) 兴中会, 162

Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命, 8, 118, 142-43, 259, 260; vs. Communist Revolution 共产主义革命, 272; as irreversible 辛亥革命不可逆转, 2-3, 4, 246, 249, 270-71; martyrs of 辛亥革命的烈士, 214-15, 216, 218, 220, 228, 232, 237-38, 240, 281, 294-95; and modern Chinese identity 辛亥革命和近代中国认同, 272-73; and political modernity 辛亥革命和政治近代化, 5; role of New Army in 新军在辛亥革命中的作用, 181, 208-9; role of racial consciousness in 种族意识在辛亥革命中的作用, 154-60, 161, 162-64, 166-67, 167, 180, 210-11, 278-80, 331n46; Wuchang Uprising 武昌起义, 208-10, 214, 217-18, 219, 223, 225, 230, 340n18

Rhoads, Edward J. M. 路康乐, 330n33, 339n110

righteousness(yi) 义, 134, 135, 136, 140, 142, 228, 254; Kang Youwei on 康有为论义, 36, 38, 69

rights(quanli) 权利, 96, 156, 188, 195, 196-200, 197, 256, 282, 291, 294, 351n11; and autonomy, 66-67, 75, 156; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论权利, 75, 111-12, 199-200, 317n65, 323n109, 324n115, 338n81; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论权利, 197-98; relationship to citizenship 权利与公民的关系, 4, 156, 188, 196-97, 199; rights consciousness(quanli sixiang) 权利思想, 199-200, 338n81; states' rights(guoquan) 国权, 99, 111, 321nn46,47. See also human rights(renquan); natural rights(tianfu renquan) 也参见人权(天赋人权)

rituals 仪式, imperial 帝国, 1-2, 3, 9, 10, 12-13, 134, 139, 142, 216, 231, 234-37, 251, 264, 274, 281, 294, 308n9; grand sacrifices 大祭, 13, 234, 237, 253, 308n17; worship of Confucius 祭孔, 234, 236-37, 253

Rituals 仪式, republican 共和, 8, 213, 214-40, 241, 251, 294-95, 340n8; Double Ten commemoration 双十纪念, 214-22, 223, 228, 229-30, 232, 239-40, 280-81, 340n18; and Yuan Shikai 袁世凯, 230-38, 281, 342n65, 344n1

road of speech(yanlu) 言路, 18-19, 25, 145

Rousseau, Jean⁃Jacques 卢梭, 113, 127, 296; on general will 卢梭论共同意志, 184, 188, 197; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论卢梭, 106, 107-8, 109-10, 188; on social contract 卢梭论社会契约, 75, 86, 89, 104, 107-8, 109-10, 156, 188, 311n24; Social Contract 社会契约, 100; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论卢梭, 188

ruler⁃subject relationship 君臣关系, 10, 67, 84-87, 89, 90, 97, 99, 120, 123-24, 126, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 145, 146, 156, 196; gap in, 18, 40, 121, 184; Kang Youwei on 康有为论君臣关系, 33, 36, 39-40, 43, 44, 64; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论君臣关系, 60, 61, 63, 66, 70, 105, 108, 113-14, 170; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论君臣关系, 174-75, 176-77; Tan Sitong on 谭嗣同论君臣关系, 147, 148-49. See also Three Bonds 也参见三纲

Russia 俄国, 45, 52, 61, 73, 105, 287; Bolshevik Revolution 布尔什维克革命, 260-61; Nicholas Ⅱ 尼古拉二世, 271; Peter the Great, 26, 41, 69, 70, 138; relations with imperial China 跟中华帝国的关系, 28, 155; Revolution of 1905 1905年革命, 29, 193

Russo⁃Japanese War 日俄战争, 193

sage⁃kings(shengwang) 圣王, 11, 15, 35, 54, 87, 121, 137, 140, 175-76, 179, 224-25, 273, 279, 281, 345n24; Han Yu on 韩愈论圣王, 84-85; Kang Youwei on 康有为论圣王, 36-37, 40, 48, 50-51, 55, 62, 68, 70, 71, 251, 275, 314n85; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论圣王, 60, 107, 169-71; Zhang Ertian on 张尔田论圣王, 253-54. See also Shennong; Shun; Yao; Yellow Emperor; Yu 也参见神农;舜;尧;黄帝

sages(sheng) 圣, 11, 18, 33, 130, 213, 247; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论圣, 62, 68-69, 70, 71; Yan Fu on 严复论圣, 84-85, 87; Sagely Learning(shengxue) 圣学, 134

Sanetō Keishū 实藤惠秀, 330n35

Schwartz, Benjamin: In Search of Wealth and Power 史华慈: 寻求富强, 318n79

secret societies 秘密社会, 182, 205, 208, 210

secular 世俗, the 89-90, 92, 117, 178, 201, 232, 235, 290-91, 293, 294, 324n125, 352n37

self⁃critique 自我批评, 6

self⁃cultivation 自我修养, 82, 129-30, 193, 195, 251, 252, 280

self⁃governance(zizhi) 自治, 91

self⁃restraint 自我约束, 31

Self⁃strengthening(ziqiang) Movement 自强运动, 17-20, 28, 71, 75, 131, 170, 201, 273, 283, 285, 309nn29,33, 324n1

shamanism 萨满教, 9, 176

Shang Yang 商鞅, 34

Shang dynasty 商朝, 10-11, 18, 37, 50, 52, 174, 273

Shanghai 上海, 20, 47, 58, 155, 207-8, 226, 235, 246, 254; Double Ten in 双十节在上海, 218, 220, 221-22

Shenbao 申报, 19, 240

Shengjing shibao 盛京时报, 240

Shennong 神农, 175, 176, 224, 225; and agriculture 神农和农业, 170, 177, 335n115

Shen Xingong 沈心工, 222-23

Shibao 时报, 252-53, 254-55

Shiwu bao 时务报, 58, 318n81

Shuihu zhuan 水浒传, 192, 193, 337nn49,50

Shun 舜, 36-37, 139, 175, 187, 225, 253; as paragon of good government 作为好政府的典范, 40, 50, 86, 148, 170, 224, 226

si(private/selfish) 私, 65, 66-67, 69, 75, 77, 87, 130, 197, 292

Sidgwick, Henry 亨利·西奇威克, 144

Sino⁃French War 中法战争, 19

Sino⁃Japanese War 甲午中日战争, 19, 24, 42, 59, 121, 151, 181, 310n9; Treaty of Shimonoseki 马关条约, 28, 29, 46

six noble men(liu junzi) 六君子, 24

social contract theory 社会契约论, 96-97, 105, 106, 115, 276, 321n60, 322n82; of Rousseau 卢梭的社会契约论, 75, 86, 89, 104, 107-8, 109-10, 156, 188, 311n24

social Darwinism 社会达尔文主义, 46-47, 96, 100, 150, 199, 201, 256, 284, 293-94, 295; of Liang Qichao 梁启超的社会达尔文主义, 60, 76, 89, 108, 113, 117, 151, 152, 153-54, 169, 170, 200, 315n12, 322n69; of Yan Fu 严复的社会达尔文主义, 83, 151, 275, 318n79; of Zhang Binglin 章炳麟的社会达尔文主义, 166, 167. See also progress 也参见进步

socialism 社会主义, 183, 200-206, 257, 278, 335n128; vs. Capitalism 社会主义和资本主义, 203-4; conceptions of 社会主义的概念, 201-2; and equality 社会主义和平等, 201-2, 204, 205; Hu Hanmin on 胡汉民论社会主义, 203; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论社会主义, 203-5; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论社会主义, 184, 200, 206

Society for the Preparation of Constitutional Government(Yubei lixian gonghui) 预备立宪公会, 100

Society to Protect the Emperor(Baohuanghui) 保皇会, 31, 154, 182

Song Jiaoren 宋教仁, 189, 190-95, 215; assassination of 暗杀宋教仁, 212-13, 230-31; and Guomindang(Nationalist Party) 宋教仁和国民党, 230; hospitalization of 宋教仁的住院治疗, 192-93, 195, 338nn64,65; in Japan 宋教仁在日本, 337n39; vs. Liang Qichao 宋教仁和梁启超, 193, 195; on mind⁃heart 宋教仁论心智, 194; on morality 宋教仁论道德, 193, 194-95; on objects 宋教仁论, 194; relationship with Li Hesheng 跟李和生的关系, 338n64; during Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命期间的宋教仁, 208, 209; on self⁃cultivation 论自我修养, 193, 195, 280; and Shuihu zhuan 宋教仁和水浒传, 192, 193, 337nn49,50; vs. Wang Yangming 宋教仁和王阳明, 193-94; on the will 宋教仁论意愿, 193

Song dynasty 宋朝, 6-7, 16, 29-30, 33, 83, 212-13, 249, 273

Song Learning 宋学, 30

sovereignty 主权, 5, 8, 63, 98-99, 159, 183, 188, 243, 295; emperor as focus of 皇帝作为主权的中心, 37, 43, 145, 286; and independence 主权和独立, 91, 100-101; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论主权, 73, 109, 110, 113, 116; Mai Menghua on 麦孟华论主权, 62, 63; as popular sovereignty 主权在民, 26, 28, 54, 55, 213, 248, 278, 280, 290-91, 292-94; shuken/zhuquan 专权, 98; of territorialized state 领土国家的主权, 89-91; and treaty system 主权和条约体系, 93-94, 95, 276; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论主权, 188-89, 337n36; Wheaton on 惠顿论主权, 91, 147, 318n5; Wu Renda on 吴人达论主权, 100; Yang Tingdong 杨廷栋论主权, 100-101, 102; Yuan Shikai on 袁世凯论主权, 248. See also state, the 也参见国家

Spencer, Herbert 赫伯特·斯宾塞, 78, 83, 109, 144, 151

Spring and Autumn Annals(Chunqiu) 春秋, 48-49, 52, 68, 153

Square Pool 方池, 13

state, the(guo, guojia) 国家, 56, 174, 197, 258, 319n23; Cai Yuanpei on 蔡元培论国家, 117; Chen Duxiu on 陈独秀论国家, 258-59, 271; Confucian statecraft thinking 儒家经世思想, 17, 30, 35, 38, 39, 48, 283; emergence of 国家的出现, 99-100, 111, 175-76; and the family 国和家, 10, 13-14, 63, 67, 120, 129, 130, 132, 138, 142, 177, 273, 277-78; functions of 国家的功能, 95-104; goal of 国家的目标, 110-11; Huang Zongxi on 黄宗羲论国家, 14-15, 177; vs. individual persons 国家与个人, 102, 110-11; vs. legal persons 国家与法人, 102, 113, 188, 189, 321n61, 324n115; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论国家, 56, 57, 63-64, 73-74, 76-77, 78, 104-18, 123, 130, 151, 158, 169, 171-72, 199, 200, 203-4, 258, 276, 322n69, 323n109, 324n115; Mao Zedong on 毛泽东论国家, 288-89; Mitchell on 米切尔论国家, 291, 292, 351n28; vs. Nation 国家与民族, 100, 104, 110, 287-88; as organism 国家作为有机体, 89, 99-100, 103, 108, 109, 110, 116, 117, 189, 276, 294; separation of powers in 国家中的权力分配, 39, 40, 101, 189, 337n36; vs. Society 国家与社会, 99-100; states' rights(kokken/guoquan)国权, 99, 111, 321nn46,47; structure(kotutai/guoti)of 国体, 98, 116, 159, 245, 248; and technocracy 国家和技术官僚治国论, 290, 296; as territorialized 确定领土的国家, 89-91; Wang Jingwei on 汪精卫论国家, 182-83, 188-89, 337n36; Wheaton on 惠顿论国家, 90-91, 95; Yang Tingdong on 杨廷栋论国家, 100-104, 321nn60,61; Zhang Binglin on 章炳麟论国家, 184-85, 292, 336n12. See also sovereignty 也参见主权

statism 国家主义, 92, 286-87, 289-91; defined 定义, 4; of Liang Qichao 梁启超的国家主义, 8, 104-17, 106, 123, 200, 204, 322n69; relationship to nationalism 跟民族主义的关系, 4, 76-77; Yan Fu on 严复论国家主义, 123, 159; Yang Du on 杨度论国家主义, 159

students 学生, 20, 21, 71, 215, 220, 228, 239, 241, 271, 274, 330n35; anti⁃Russian campaign of 1903 拒俄运动, 155, 190, 338n79; Chinese students in Japan 在日本的中国留学生, 155, 201, 208, 330n35; as revolutionaries 作为革命者的学术, 142, 154, 160, 165, 181, 182, 190-91, 207, 208, 278

study societies 学习社团, 22, 26, 87, 274, 291; Study Society for Strengthening(Qiangxuehui) 强学会, 22

substantial learning(shixue) 实学, 17

Su Yu 苏舆, 131-32, 134-36, 326n48

Sun Baoxuan 孙宝瑄, 146

Sun Yat⁃sen 孙中山, 209, 210, 215, 238, 341n20; anti⁃Manchuism of 孙中山的反满主义, 162-63, 183, 206, 331n43; on Articles of Favorable Treatment 孙中山论优待条件, 270; on democracy 孙中山论民主, 206-7; on five races 孙中山论五族, 287-88; in Guangzhou 孙中山在广州, 154, 182, 208, 340n16; and Guomindang 孙中山和国民党, 212, 230, 342n55; and Huanghuagang Uprising 孙中山和黄花冈起义, 340n16; and land nationalization 孙中山和土地国有化, 202; on Manchus 孙中山论满人, 162-63, 331n43; as provisional president 孙中山作为临时总统, 213, 214, 270, 287; relationship with Yuan Shikai 跟袁世凯的关系, 230, 231; on state and nation 孙中山论国家和民族, 287-88; and sun⁃sky flag 孙中山和青天白日旗, 226, 227-28, 342n55; Three People's Principles of 孙中山的三民主义, 183, 202, 212, 286, 287-88; and Tongmenghui 孙中山和同盟会, 182-83

Sun Yuyun 孙毓筠, 247-48

tabloids 小报, 207

Taiping Rebellion 太平天国, 17, 319n13

Taiwan 台湾, 28, 69

Tan Sitong 谭嗣同, 89, 132, 156, 328n3, 329n6; anti⁃Manchuism of 谭嗣同的反满主义, 147, 149, 280; on Confucianism 谭嗣同论儒学, 147-48, 149, 286-87; on democracy 谭嗣同论民主, 148; on equality 谭嗣同论平等, 148, 285-86; on imperial state 谭嗣同论帝国, 147, 148; on loyalty 谭嗣同论忠诚, 149; On Cosmic Benevolence(Renxue) 仁学, 58, 148-49; during reform movement of 1898 戊戌变法期间的谭嗣同, 24, 130-31, 167, 190; on rule⁃subject relationship 谭嗣同论君臣关系, 147, 148-49; on Three Bonds 谭嗣同论三纲, 147-48, 149

Tang Caichang 唐才常, 132

Tang Hualong 汤化龙, 226

Tang Shaoyi 唐绍仪, 210, 245, 350n119

Tang Zhen: on the emperors 唐甄: 论皇帝, 15-16

Tang Zhijun 汤志钧, 310n2, 314n78

Tang dynasty 唐朝, 33, 65, 83-84, 186, 283

Tao Xu 陶绪, 330n30

Taxation 税收, 134, 177, 291

Terrien de Lacouperie, Albert Étienne Jean⁃Baptiste 拉克伯里, 173

territoriality 领土, 89, 90, 95, 98, 101, 103, 104, 115, 116

textbooks 课本, 178-80

textual studies(kaozheng) 考证, 17, 21

Three Ages(sanshi) 三世, 49-51, 59-61, 68, 87-88, 135, 136, 315n24

Three Bonds(san'gang) 三纲, 127, 132-33, 277, 311n32; father⁃son relationship 父子关系, 10, 84, 123-24, 126, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 149, 177; husband⁃wife relationship 夫妻关系, 10, 123, 124, 126, 129, 133, 138, 140, 149, 254, 285; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论三纲, 197; Tan Sitong on 谭嗣同论三纲, 147-48, 149; Zhang Zhidong on 张之洞论三纲, 123-24, 129, 140. See also family; ruler⁃subject relationship 也参见家庭;君臣关系

Three Dynasties(Xia⁃Shang⁃Zhou)(sandai) 三代, 18, 40, 50, 140, 149, 170, 179, 187, 194; achievements of 三代的成就, 10-11, 37, 74, 174

Three People's Principles 三民主义, 183, 202, 212, 286, 287-88

three unities(santong) 三统, 49

Tianjin 天津, 246, 268

Tibetans 藏人, 14, 158-59, 160, 166, 174, 214, 227, 287

ti(essence) 体, 119, 324n1

Tongmenghui(Revolutionary Alliance) 同盟会, 186, 192, 200, 208, 219, 226, 238-39, 246; founding of 同盟会的成立, 157, 182-83, 202-3, 290; and land nationalization 同盟会与土地国有化, 202-3, 205; and Sun Yat⁃sen 同盟会与孙中山, 182-83

Tongwenguan 同文馆, 20, 89

Tongzhi emperor 同治皇帝, 267

Treaties of Tianjin 天津条约, 94

Treaty of Nanjing 南京条约, 92, 93-94

Treaty of Shimonoseki 马关条约, 28, 29, 46

treaty ports 条约口岸, 19, 123

treaty system 条约体系, 92-95, 276

Triple Intervention 三国干涉还辽, 28

Tsu, Jing 石静远, 190

Tu Ji 屠寄, 160

Tu Renshou 屠仁守, 120-21

Tungusics. See Manchus 通古斯人,参见满人

Turks 土耳其人, 160, 174

United States: anti⁃Chinese prejudice in 美国: 排华, 126, 127, 138, 190; as constitutional democracy 作为立宪民主制度, 61, 105, 244; economic classes in 在美国的经济阶级, 186; elections in 在美国的选举, 137; representative institutions in 在美国的代议制机构, 188; San Francisco 旧金山, 126, 127. See also American Revolution 也参见美国革命

unity of the masses(hezhong) 合众, 61

universal principles(gongli) 公理, 7, 68, 316n40

universal rule 普遍规则, 5, 9, 11, 53, 93, 104, 106, 111, 274

utilitarianism 功利主义, 8

Utopianism 乌托邦主义, 111, 191, 198, 249, 251, 276, 282, 292, 313n77, 351n11; of Kang Youwei 康有为的乌托邦主义, 8, 41, 46, 47, 48, 51, 53, 205-6, 312n38, 314n78

Vattel, E. de 瓦特尔, 91-92, 147

Versailles Treaty 凡尔赛条约, 240

Wang Boxin 王柏心, 18

Wang, Cheng⁃hua 王正华, 208

Wang Choujun 王仇军, 141

Wang Fuzhi 王夫之, 14, 166, 334n101

Wang Hui 汪晖, 53, 112, 307n4, 314n78, 318n79, 336n12; Rise of Modern Chinese Thought 现代中国思想的兴起, 6-7

Wang Jingwei: on collective will 汪精卫: 论集体意志, 187-88; on democracy 论民主, 187-88, 189; on equality 论平等, 188-89; on human rights 论人权, 189; vs. Liang Qichao 汪精卫和梁启超, 188, 189; on monarchy 论君主制, 188-89; on race 论种族, 187; on representative systems 论代议制度, 188; on republicanism 论共和主义, 187-88; on revolution 论革命, 187, 336n23; on Rousseau 论卢梭, 188; on sovereignty 论主权, 188-89, 337n36; on the state 论国家, 182-83, 188-89, 337n36; and Tong⁃menghui 汪精卫和同盟会, 183; vs. Zhang Binglin 汪精卫和章炳麟, 188; vs. Zhu Zhixin 汪精卫和朱执信, 203

Wang, Juan 王娟, 208, 339n106

Wang Mang 王莽, 48

Wang Renjun 王仁俊, 137, 139

Wang Tao 王韬, 75

Wang Xianqian 王先谦, 131

Wang Xiaoqiu 王晓秋, 45, 313n64

Wang Xiuchu: Account of Ten Days at Yangzhou 王秀楚: 扬州十日记, 161-63

Wang Yangming 王阳明, 193-94, 315n2; Chuanxilu 传习录, 193, 337n57; on mind⁃heart 论心学, 194; Wang Yangming school 王阳明学派, 56, 58, 80, 82, 250, 315n2

Wang Zhengting 王正廷, 269

warlordism 军阀主义, 212, 262

Warring States period 战国时期, 112, 283, 333n82

Washington, George 乔治·华盛顿, 81

Water Margin, The. See Shuihu zhuan 水浒传

Weber, Max 马克斯·韦伯, 291

Wei Yuan: The Illustrated Gazetteer on the Sea Kingdoms 魏源: 海国图志, 309n36

well⁃field(jingtian) system 井田制, 177-78, 201, 203, 226, 335n128. See also land equalization 也参见平均地权

Wen Ti 文悌, 138, 327n75

West, the: imperialist powers 西方: 帝国主义列强, 108-9, 150, 152, 196, 204, 211, 241, 279, 283-84, 287, 289, 295; institutions in 西方的机构, 168; merchants from 来自西方的商人, 17; science and technology in 西方的科学技术, 8, 18, 19-20, 21-22, 89, 126, 141, 150-51, 166, 284

Western learning 西学, 19-23, 58, 59, 79, 95, 140, 274; vs. Chinese learning 西学与中学, 119, 126, 165, 324n1; Huang Zunxian on 黄遵宪论西学, 126; Yan Fu on 严复论西学, 119; Zhang Zhidong on 张之洞论西学, 119, 324n1

Western origins theory 西源说, 173, 179, 334n103

Weston, Timothy 魏定熙, 263

Wheaton, Henry 亨利·惠顿: Elements of International Law 万国公法, 89-92, 94, 318n5, 320n24; on independence from foreign powers 论独立于外国势力, 91; on international law 论国际法, 89-90, 91-92, 147; on monarchy 论君主制, 91; on nation⁃states 论民族国家, 286-87; on natural law 论自然法, 91-92; on sovereignty 论主权, 91, 147, 318n5; on the state 论国家, 90-91, 95; on supreme power 论最高权力, 91

White Lotus Rebellion 白莲教起义, 27

Wilson, Woodrow 伍德罗·威尔逊, 147

Wolff, Christian 克里斯蒂安·沃尔夫, 115

Wong Rongzu 汪荣祖, 312n39

Wong, Young⁃tsu 汪荣祖, 38

World War Ⅰ 第一次世界大战, 240, 242, 260

Wu of Liang, Emperor 梁武帝, 35

Wu Peifu 吴佩孚, 264

Wu Renda 吴人达, 321n53; on sovereignty 论主权, 100

Wu Yue 吴樾, 146, 328n110

Wu Zhihui 吴稚晖, 190, 219-20, 341n20

Wuchang Uprising 武昌起义, 208-10, 214, 217-18, 219, 223, 225, 230, 340n18

Xia dynasty 夏朝, 10-11, 18, 37, 50, 170, 174, 177

Xiang Yu 项羽, 167

Xiaofeng (安)晓峰, 141

Xin dynasty 新朝, 48

Xinjiang 新疆, 227

Xiong Shili 熊十力, 249

Xiong Yuezhi 熊月之, 21, 26

Xu Shichang 徐世昌, 226

Xu Xue'er 徐血儿, 342n65

Xue Jingxuan 薛敬轩, 193, 337n56

Xunzi 荀子, 107, 148

Yan Fu 严复, 64-65, 83-87, 123, 163, 201, 224, 316n26, 325n9, 327n106; on Chinese vs. Western learning 论中学和西学, 119; on conflict in West 论西方的冲突, 202; on Confucianism and republicanism 论儒学和共和主义, 143-45; on essence vs. utility 论体和用, 119; on Han Yu 论韩愈, 83-85, 120-21, 169, 329n6; influence of contractarian theory on 契约论对严复的影响, 89; on institutional reforms 论体制改革, 121-22; vs. Kang Youwei 严复和康有为, 83, 87, 275; on monarchy 论君主制, 83-87, 121-22, 275, 345n5; on nation⁃states 论民族国家, 318n79; on the natural(ziran) 论自然, 86; On Evolution(Tianyanlun) 论天演论, 83; and Peace Planning Society 严复和筹安会, 243, 345n5; on race 论种族, 151; “Refutation of Han Yu 严复的驳论,” 83-85, 120-21, 149; on science 论科学, 119; social Darwinism of 严复的社会达尔文主义, 83, 151, 275, 318n79; on Western governance 论西方治理, 119

Yang Du: on Chinese people 杨度: 论中国人, 244; on constitutional monarchy 论君主立宪制, 243, 244-45, 246, 263; on Han Chinese 论汉人, 158-59; and Peace Planning Society 杨度和筹安会, 243, 247-28; on republicanism 论共和主义, 158, 159, 243, 244, 263; on statism 论国家主义, 123, 159

Yang, Mayfair Mei⁃hui 杨美惠, 351n35

Yang Suxian 杨肃献, 329n22

Yang Tingdong: on laws 杨廷栋: 论法律, 101-2; on national flag 论国旗, 227; on origins of the state 论国家起源, 101; on pubic vs. private rights 论公权和私权, 103-4, 110; on sovereignty 论主权, 100-101, 102; on the state 论国家, 100-104, 321nn60,61; Study of Law 法律学, 100-104, 199

Yangzi River valley 长江流域, 165

Yangzhou: Qing capture of 扬州: 清朝的占领, 161-63, 164, 241

Yao 尧, 36-37, 139, 187, 226, 253; as paragon of good government 作为好政府的典范, 40, 50, 86, 148, 170, 224, 225

Yao Zuyi 姚祖义, 335n132

Ye Dehui 叶德辉, 131, 134, 135, 136, 139-40, 141-42, 326n57

yellow, imperial 皇帝的黄色, 1, 227, 236

Yellow Emperor 黄帝, 170, 215, 223, 224, 253; and Han Chinese 黄帝和汉人, 157, 171, 172-73, 179-80, 225, 235; Liang Qichao on 梁启超论黄帝, 171, 173, 225; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论黄帝, 172, 173, 174, 175-76, 334nn101,114

Yellow River valley 黄河流域, 164

Yinghuan zhilüe 瀛寰志略, 58

yong(function) 用, 119, 324n1

Yongzheng emperor 雍正皇帝, 62, 70

Yoshida Shōin 吉田松阴, 81

Youth Magazine 青年杂志. See New Youth 参见新青年

Yu 禹, 37, 50, 170, 174, 175, 177, 224

Yuan Shikai 袁世凯, 215, 255, 260; attempt to found new dynasty 努力建立新王朝, 2-3, 4, 212, 221, 226, 229, 236, 238, 240, 242, 243-49, 270, 271, 281, 282, 290-91, 343n80, 344n1, 345n24; on Confucianism 论儒学, 236-37, 251-52, 346n40; constitutionalism of 袁世凯的立宪主义, 146, 243, 280; death of 袁世凯之死, 242, 256, 262, 348n90; Heaven worshipped by 袁世凯祭天, 1-3, 234-37, 248, 281; and imperial rituals 袁世凯和帝国仪式, 1-2; and national flag 袁世凯和国旗, 227, 229; and New Army 袁世凯和新军, 181; as president 作为总统, 231-38, 280, 281, 344n1, 344n105; relationship with Liang Qichao 跟梁启超的关系, 212, 243, 245, 246, 280, 345n19; and Republican national anthem 袁世凯和共和国歌, 225-26; and republican state rituals 袁世凯和共和国仪式, 230-38, 281, 342n65, 344n1; during Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命期间的袁世凯, 209-10, 219, 230, 239, 268; after Revolution of 1911 辛亥革命之后的袁世凯, 212-13; on sovereignty 论主权, 248

Yuan dynasty 元朝, 179, 325n5

Yue Fei 岳飞, 237-38

Zeng Guofan 曾国藩, 81, 120, 283

Zhang Binglin 章炳麟, 155, 270, 271, 351n30; anti⁃Manchuism of 章炳麟的反满主义, 166-68; and Buddhism 章炳麟和佛教, 166, 183, 184, 336n12; on Chinese people 论中国人, 182; on Christianity 论基督教, 184; on class, 186; on Confucianism 论儒学, 165, 184, 283; on constitutionalism 论立宪主义, 185; on democracy 论民主, 183, 184, 185-86, 260; on equality 论平等, 183-84, 185, 200, 206, 292; on expulsion of Puyi 论驱逐溥仪, 268-69; “Five Negations 五无论,” 184; on Guangxu emperor 论光绪皇帝, 167, 168; on imperial state 论帝国, 166; imprisonment of 章炳麟被监禁, 213; in Japan, 183; vs. Kang Youwei 章炳麟和康有为, 165, 166, 167, 168; vs. Liang Qichao 章炳麟和梁启超, 292, 351n30; on local self⁃government 论地方自治, 185; as National Essence scholar 作为国粹派学者, 165-66; on nationalism 论民族主义, 182, 183-85; Qinshu(Words of Urgency)訄书, 166; on republicanism 论共和主义, 183, 184, 185, 336n11; and Republican national anthem 章炳麟和共和国歌, 224, 225; on revolution 论革命, 182; social Darwinism of 章炳麟的社会达尔文主义, 166, 167; on socialism 论社会主义, 184, 200, 206; on sovereignty 论主权, 336n12; on the state 论国家, 184-85, 292, 336n12; vs. Wang Jingwei 章炳麟和汪精卫, 188; on Yuan Shikai 论袁世凯, 271, 350n126; on Zhonghua 论中华, 183, 211

Zhang Ertian 张尔田, 253

Zhang Foquan 张佛泉, 322n69

Zhang Jian 张謇, 224-25

Zhang Kaiyuan 章开沅, 331n43

Zhang Pengyuan 张朋园, 314n1, 316n48

Zhang Shizhao 章士钊, 259-60

Zhang Xun 张勋, 262-63, 350n119

Zhang Yufa 张玉法, 335n3

Zhang Zhidong 张之洞, 20, 21, 22, 58, 120, 126, 130, 136, 141, 160, 224, 325n11; on Chinese people 论中国人, 122, 124; on Chinese vs. Western learning 论中学和西学, 21, 119, 324n1; on Confucianism 论儒学, 122-23, 135, 283; on democracy 论民主, 124-25, 129, 277; on equality 论平等, 124-25, 129; Exhortation to Learning 劝学篇, 122, 128; vs. Hunanese reactionaries 张之洞和湖南激进分子, 131, 132, 133; on imperial state 论帝国, 122-25; and New Army 张之洞和新军, 181; on public opinion 论民意, 124, 125; and Qing educational system 张之洞和清朝教育体系, 127-29; relationship with Wang Renjun 跟王仁俊的关系, 137; on Three Bonds 论三纲, 123-24, 129, 140

Zheng Guanying 郑观应, 75, 93

Zhishuo 直说, 338n79

zhong 种, 56, 57

Zhou, Duke of 周公, 50

Zhou Zouren 周作人, 263-64

Zhou dynasty 周朝, 10-11, 18, 37, 174-75, 176, 223, 235; enfeoffment system 分封制度, 164-65; Liu Shipei on 刘师培论周朝, 165, 279

Zhu Ciqi 朱次琦, 29, 30, 31

Zhu Hongyuan 朱浤源, 157

Zhu Xi 朱熹, 120, 123, 194, 325n5, 345n24

Zhu Yixin 朱一新, 131, 134-35, 136, 139, 140-41, 326n48

Zhu Zhixin 朱执信, 203, 205, 206

Zhuang 壮族, 342n56

Zhuangzi 庄子, 86, 113, 283

Zito, Angela 司徒安, 15

Zongli yamen 总理衙门, 20

Zou Rong 邹容, 168; on equality 论平等, 156, 195-96; on freedom 论自由, 156, 195-96; on natural rights 论天赋权利, 156, 196; Revolutionary Army 革命军, 155-57, 162-63

(1) 原文有误,应为father⁃son。

“海外中国研究丛书”书目

 1. 中国的现代化 [美]吉尔伯特·罗兹曼 主编 国家社会科学基金“比较现代化”课题组 译 沈宗美 校

 2. 寻求富强:严复与西方 [美]本杰明·史华兹 著 叶凤美 译

 3. 中国现代思想中的唯科学主义(1900—1950) [美]郭颖颐 著 雷颐 译

 4. 台湾:走向工业化社会 [美]吴元黎 著

 5. 中国思想传统的现代诠释 余英时 著

 6. 胡适与中国的文艺复兴:中国革命中的自由主义,1917—1937 [美]格里德 著 鲁奇 译

 7. 德国思想家论中国 [德]夏瑞春 编 陈爱政 等译

 8. 摆脱困境:新儒学与中国政治文化的演进 [美]墨子刻 著 颜世安 高华 黄东兰 译

 9. 儒家思想新论:创造性转换的自我 [美]杜维明 著 曹幼华 单丁 译 周文彰 等校

10. 洪业:清朝开国史 [美]魏斐德 著 陈苏镇 薄小莹 包伟民 陈晓燕 牛朴 谭天星 译 阎步克 等校

11. 走向21世纪:中国经济的现状、问题和前景 [美]D.H.帕金斯 著 陈志标 编译

12. 中国:传统与变革 [美]费正清 赖肖尔 主编 陈仲丹 潘兴明 庞朝阳 译 吴世民 张子清 洪邮生 校

13. 中华帝国的法律 [美]D.布朗 C.莫里斯 著 朱勇 译 梁治平 校

14. 梁启超与中国思想的过渡(1890—1907) [美]张灏 著 崔志海 葛夫平 译

15. 儒教与道教 [德]马克斯·韦伯 著 洪天富 译

16. 中国政治 [美]詹姆斯·R.汤森 布兰特利·沃马克 著 顾速 董方 译

17. 文化、权力与国家: 1900—1942年的华北农村 [美]杜赞奇 著 王福明 译

18. 义和团运动的起源 [美]周锡瑞 著 张俊义 王栋 译

19. 在传统与现代性之间:王韬与晚清革命 [美]柯文 著 雷颐 罗检秋 译

20. 最后的儒家:梁漱溟与中国现代化的两难 [美]艾恺 著 王宗昱 冀建中 译

21. 蒙元入侵前夜的中国日常生活 [法]谢和耐 著 刘东 译

22. 东亚之锋 [美]小R.霍夫亨兹 K.E.柯德尔 著 黎鸣 译

23. 中国社会史 [法]谢和耐 著 黄建华 黄迅余 译

24. 从理学到朴学:中华帝国晚期思想与社会变化面面观 [美]艾尔曼 著 赵刚 译

25. 孔子哲学思微 [美]郝大维 安乐哲 著 蒋弋为 李志林 译

26. 北美中国古典文学研究名家十年文选 乐黛云 陈珏 编选

27. 东亚文明:五个阶段的对话 [美]狄百瑞 著 何兆武 何冰 译

28. 五四运动:现代中国的思想革命 [美]周策纵 著 周子平 等译

29. 近代中国与新世界:康有为变法与大同思想研究 [美]萧公权 著 汪荣祖 译

30. 功利主义儒家:陈亮对朱熹的挑战 [美]田浩 著 姜长苏 译

31. 莱布尼兹和儒学 [美]孟德卫 著 张学智 译

32. 佛教征服中国:佛教在中国中古早期的传播与适应 [荷兰]许理和 著 李四龙 裴勇 等译

33. 新政革命与日本:中国,1898—1912 [美]任达 著 李仲贤 译

34. 经学、政治和宗族:中华帝国晚期常州今文学派研究 [美]艾尔曼 著 赵刚 译

35. 中国制度史研究 [美]杨联陞 著 彭刚 程钢 译

36. 汉代农业:早期中国农业经济的形成 [美]许倬云 著 程农 张鸣 译 邓正来 校

37. 转变的中国:历史变迁与欧洲经验的局限 [美]王国斌 著 李伯重 连玲玲 译

38. 欧洲中国古典文学研究名家十年文选 乐黛云 陈珏 龚刚 编选

39. 中国农民经济:河北和山东的农民发展,1890—1949 [美]马若孟 著 史建云 译

40. 汉哲学思维的文化探源 [美]郝大维 安乐哲 著 施忠连 译

41. 近代中国之种族观念 [英]冯客 著 杨立华 译

42. 血路:革命中国中的沈定一(玄庐)传奇 [美]萧邦奇 著 周武彪 译

43. 历史三调:作为事件、经历和神话的义和团 [美]柯文 著 杜继东 译

44. 斯文:唐宋思想的转型 [美]包弼德 著 刘宁 译

45. 宋代江南经济史研究 [日]斯波义信 著 方健 何忠礼 译

46. 一个中国村庄:山东台头 杨懋春 著 张雄 沈炜 秦美珠 译

47. 现实主义的限制:革命时代的中国小说 [美]安敏成 著 姜涛 译

48. 上海罢工:中国工人政治研究 [美]裴宜理 著 刘平 译

49. 中国转向内在:两宋之际的文化转向 [美]刘子健 著 赵冬梅 译

50. 孔子:即凡而圣 [美]赫伯特·芬格莱特 著 彭国翔 张华 译

51. 18世纪中国的官僚制度与荒政 [法]魏丕信 著 徐建青 译

52. 他山的石头记:宇文所安自选集 [美]宇文所安 著 田晓菲 编译

53. 危险的愉悦:20世纪上海的娼妓问题与现代性 [美]贺萧 著 韩敏中 盛宁 译

54. 中国食物 [美]尤金·N.安德森 著 马孆 刘东 译 刘东 审校

55. 大分流:欧洲、中国及现代世界经济的发展 [美]彭慕兰 著 史建云 译

56. 古代中国的思想世界 [美]本杰明·史华兹 著 程钢 译 刘东 校

57. 内闱:宋代的婚姻和妇女生活 [美]伊沛霞 著 胡志宏 译

58. 中国北方村落的社会性别与权力 [加]朱爱岚 著 胡玉坤 译

59. 先贤的民主:杜威、孔子与中国民主之希望 [美]郝大维 安乐哲 著 何刚强 译

60. 向往心灵转化的庄子:内篇分析 [美]爱莲心 著 周炽成 译

61. 中国人的幸福观 [德]鲍吾刚 著 严蓓雯 韩雪临 吴德祖 译

62. 闺塾师:明末清初江南的才女文化 [美]高彦颐 著 李志生 译

63. 缀珍录:十八世纪及其前后的中国妇女 [美]曼素恩 著 定宜庄 颜宜葳 译

64. 革命与历史:中国马克思主义历史学的起源,1919—1937 [美]德里克 著 翁贺凯 译

65. 竞争的话语:明清小说中的正统性、本真性及所生成之意义 [美]艾梅兰 著 罗琳 译

66. 中国妇女与农村发展:云南禄村六十年的变迁 [加]宝森 著 胡玉坤 译

67. 中国近代思维的挫折 [日]岛田虔次 著 甘万萍 译

68. 中国的亚洲内陆边疆 [美]拉铁摩尔 著 唐晓峰 译

69. 为权力祈祷:佛教与晚明中国士绅社会的形成 [加]卜正民 著 张华 译

70. 天潢贵胄:宋代宗室史 [美]贾志扬 著 赵冬梅 译

71. 儒家之道:中国哲学之探讨 [美]倪德卫 著 [美]万白安 编 周炽成 译

72. 都市里的农家女:性别、流动与社会变迁 [澳]杰华 著 吴小英 译

73. 另类的现代性:改革开放时代中国性别化的渴望 [美]罗丽莎 著 黄新 译

74. 近代中国的知识分子与文明 [日]佐藤慎一 著 刘岳兵 译

75. 繁盛之阴:中国医学史中的性(960—1665) [美]费侠莉 著 甄橙 主译 吴朝霞 主校

76. 中国大众宗教 [美]韦思谛 编 陈仲丹 译

77. 中国诗画语言研究 [法]程抱一 著 涂卫群 译

78. 中国的思维世界 [日]沟口雄三 小岛毅 著 孙歌 等译

79. 德国与中华民国 [美]柯伟林 著 陈谦平 陈红民 武菁 申晓云 译 钱乘旦 校

80. 中国近代经济史研究:清末海关财政与通商口岸市场圈 [日]滨下武志 著 高淑娟 孙彬 译

81. 回应革命与改革:皖北李村的社会变迁与延续 韩敏 著 陆益龙 徐新玉 译

82. 中国现代文学与电影中的城市:空间、时间与性别构形 [美]张英进 著 秦立彦 译

83. 现代的诱惑:书写半殖民地中国的现代主义(1917—1937) [美]史书美 著 何恬 译

84. 开放的帝国:1600年前的中国历史 [美]芮乐伟·韩森 著 梁侃 邹劲风 译

85. 改良与革命:辛亥革命在两湖 [美]周锡瑞 著 杨慎之 译

86. 章学诚的生平与思想 [美]倪德卫 著 杨立华 译

87. 卫生的现代性:中国通商口岸健康与疾病的意义 [美]罗芙芸 著 向磊 译

88. 道与庶道:宋代以来的道教、民间信仰和神灵模式 [美]韩明士 著 皮庆生 译

89. 间谍王:戴笠与中国特工 [美]魏斐德 著 梁禾 译

90. 中国的女性与性相:1949年以来的性别话语 [英]艾华 著 施施 译

91. 近代中国的犯罪、惩罚与监狱 [荷]冯客 著 徐有威 等译 潘兴明 校

92. 帝国的隐喻:中国民间宗教 [英]王斯福 著 赵旭东 译

93. 王弼《老子注》研究 [德]瓦格纳 著 杨立华 译

94. 寻求正义:1905—1906年的抵制美货运动 [美]王冠华 著 刘甜甜 译

95. 传统中国日常生活中的协商:中古契约研究 [美]韩森 著 鲁西奇 译

96. 从民族国家拯救历史:民族主义话语与中国现代史研究 [美]杜赞奇 著 王宪明 高继美 李海燕 李点 译

97. 欧几里得在中国:汉译《几何原本》的源流与影响 [荷]安国风 著 纪志刚 郑诚 郑方磊 译

98. 十八世纪中国社会 [美]韩书瑞 罗友枝 著 陈仲丹 译

99. 中国与达尔文 [美]浦嘉珉 著 钟永强 译

100. 私人领域的变形:唐宋诗词中的园林与玩好 [美]杨晓山 著 文韬 译

101. 理解农民中国:社会科学哲学的案例研究 [美]李丹 著 张天虹 张洪云 张胜波 译

102. 山东叛乱:1774年的王伦起义 [美]韩书瑞 著 刘平 唐雁超 译

103. 毁灭的种子:战争与革命中的国民党中国(1937—1949) [美]易劳逸 著 王建朗 王贤知 贾维 译

104. 缠足:“金莲崇拜”盛极而衰的演变 [美]高彦颐 著 苗延威 译

105. 饕餮之欲:当代中国的食与色 [美]冯珠娣 著 郭乙瑶 马磊 江素侠 译

106. 翻译的传说:中国新女性的形成(1898—1918) 胡缨 著 龙瑜宬 彭珊珊 译

107. 中国的经济革命:20世纪的乡村工业 [日]顾琳 著 王玉茹 张玮 李进霞 译

108. 礼物、关系学与国家:中国人际关系与主体性建构 杨美惠 著 赵旭东 孙珉 译 张跃宏 译校

109. 朱熹的思维世界 [美]田浩 著

110. 皇帝和祖宗:华南的国家与宗族 [英]科大卫 著 卜永坚 译

111. 明清时代东亚海域的文化交流 [日]松浦章 著 郑洁西 等译

112. 中国美学问题 [美]苏源熙 著 卞东波 译 张强强 朱霞欢 校

113. 清代内河水运史研究 [日]松浦章 著 董科 译

114. 大萧条时期的中国:市场、国家与世界经济 [日]城山智子 著 孟凡礼 尚国敏 译 唐磊 校

115. 美国的中国形象(1931—1949) [美] T. 克里斯托弗·杰斯普森 著 姜智芹 译

116. 技术与性别:晚期帝制中国的权力经纬 [英]白馥兰 著 江湄 邓京力 译

117. 中国善书研究 [日]酒井忠夫 著 刘岳兵 何英莺 孙雪梅 译

118. 千年末世之乱:1813年八卦教起义 [美]韩书瑞 著 陈仲丹 译

119. 西学东渐与中国事情 [日]增田涉 著 由其民 周启乾 译

120. 六朝精神史研究 [日]吉川忠夫 著 王启发 译

121. 矢志不渝:明清时期的贞女现象 [美]卢苇菁 著 秦立彦 译

122. 明代乡村纠纷与秩序:以徽州文书为中心 [日]中岛乐章 著 郭万平 高飞 译

123. 中华帝国晚期的欲望与小说叙述 [美]黄卫总 著 张蕴爽 译

124. 虎、米、丝、泥:帝制晚期华南的环境与经济 [美]马立博 著 王玉茹 关永强 译

125. 一江黑水:中国未来的环境挑战 [美]易明 著 姜智芹 译

126. 《诗经》原意研究 [日]家井真 著 陆越 译

127. 施剑翘复仇案:民国时期公众同情的兴起与影响 [美]林郁沁 著 陈湘静 译

128. 义和团运动前夕华北的地方动乱与社会冲突(修订译本) [德]狄德满 著 崔华杰 译

129. 铁泪图:19世纪中国对于饥馑的文化反应 [美]艾志端 著 曹曦 译

130. 饶家驹安全区:战时上海的难民 [美]阮玛霞 著 白华山 译

131. 危险的边疆:游牧帝国与中国 [美]巴菲尔德 著 袁剑 译

132. 工程国家:民国时期(1927—1937)的淮河治理及国家建设 [美]戴维·艾伦·佩兹 著 姜智芹 译

133. 历史宝筏:过去、西方与中国妇女问题 [美]季家珍 著 杨可 译

134. 姐妹们与陌生人:上海棉纱厂女工,1919—1949 [美]韩起澜 著 韩慈 译

135. 银线:19世纪的世界与中国 林满红 著 詹庆华 林满红 译

136. 寻求中国民主 [澳]冯兆基 著 刘悦斌 徐硙 译

137. 墨梅 [美]毕嘉珍 著 陆敏珍 译

138. 清代上海沙船航运业史研究 [日]松浦章 著 杨蕾 王亦诤 董科 译

139. 男性特质论:中国的社会与性别 [澳]雷金庆 著 [澳]刘婷 译

140. 重读中国女性生命故事 游鉴明 胡缨 季家珍 主编

141. 跨太平洋位移:20世纪美国文学中的民族志、翻译和文本间旅行 黄运特 著 陈倩 译

142. 认知诸形式:反思人类精神的统一性与多样性 [英]G.E.R.劳埃德 著 池志培 译

143. 中国乡村的基督教:1860—1900年江西省的冲突与适应 [美]史维东 著 吴薇 译

144. 假想的“满大人”:同情、现代性与中国疼痛 [美]韩瑞 著 袁剑 译

145. 中国的捐纳制度与社会 伍跃 著

146. 文书行政的汉帝国 [日]富谷至 著 刘恒武 孔李波 译

147. 城市里的陌生人:中国流动人口的空间、权力与社会网络的重构 [美]张骊 著 袁长庚 译

148. 性别、政治与民主:近代中国的妇女参政 [澳]李木兰 著 方小平 译

149. 近代日本的中国认识 [日]野村浩一 著 张学锋 译

150. 狮龙共舞:一个英国人笔下的威海卫与中国传统文化 [英]庄士敦 著 刘本森 译 威海市博物馆 郭大松 校

151. 人物、角色与心灵:《牡丹亭》与《桃花扇》中的身份认同 [美]吕立亭 著 白华山 译

152. 中国社会中的宗教与仪式 [美]武雅士 著 彭泽安 邵铁峰 译 郭潇威 校

153. 自贡商人:近代早期中国的企业家 [美]曾小萍 著 董建中 译

154. 大象的退却:一部中国环境史 [英]伊懋可 著 梅雪芹 毛利霞 王玉山 译

155. 明代江南土地制度研究 [日]森正夫 著 伍跃 张学锋 等译 范金民 夏维中 审校

156. 儒学与女性 [美]罗莎莉 著 丁佳伟 曹秀娟 译

157. 行善的艺术:晚明中国的慈善事业(新译本) [美]韩德玲 著 曹晔 译

158. 近代中国的渔业战争和环境变化 [美]穆盛博 著 胡文亮 译

159. 权力关系:宋代中国的家族、地位与国家 [美]柏文莉 著 刘云军 译

160. 权力源自地位:北京大学、知识分子与中国政治文化,1898—1929 [美]魏定熙 著 张蒙 译

161. 工开万物:17世纪中国的知识与技术 [德]薛凤 著 吴秀杰 白岚玲 译

162. 忠贞不贰:辽代的越境之举 [英]史怀梅 著 曹流 译

163. 内藤湖南:政治与汉学(1866—1934) [美]傅佛果 著 陶德民 何英莺 译

164. 他者中的华人:中国近现代移民史 [美]孔飞力 著 李明欢 译 黄鸣奋 校

165. 古代中国的动物与灵异 [英]胡司德 著 蓝旭 译

166. 两访中国茶乡 [英]罗伯特·福琼 著 敖雪岗 译

167. 缔造选本:《花间集》的文化语境与诗学实践 [美]田安 著 马强才 译

168. 扬州评话探讨 [丹麦]易德波 著 米锋 易德波 译 李今芸 校译

169. 《左传》的书写与解读 李惠仪 著 文韬 许明德 译

170. 以竹为生:一个四川手工造纸村的20世纪社会史 [德]艾约博 著 韩巍 译 吴秀杰 校

171. 东方之旅:1579—1724耶稣会传教团在中国 [美]柏理安 著 毛瑞方 译

172. “地域社会”视野下的明清史研究:以江南和福建为中心 [日]森正夫 著 于志嘉 马一虹 黄东兰 阿风 等译

173. 技术、性别、历史:重新审视帝制中国的大转型 [英]白馥兰 著 吴秀杰 白岚玲 译

174. 中国小说戏曲史 [日]狩野直喜 张真 译

175. 历史上的黑暗一页:英国外交文件与英美海军档案中的南京大屠杀 [美]陆束屏 编著/翻译

176. 罗马与中国:比较视野下的古代世界帝国 [奥]沃尔特·施德尔 主编 李平 译

177. 矛与盾的共存:明清时期江西社会研究 [韩]吴金成 著 崔荣根 译 薛戈 校译

178. 唯一的希望:在中国独生子女政策下成年 [美]冯文 著 常姝 译

179. 国之枭雄:曹操传 [澳]张磊夫 著 方笑天 译

180. 汉帝国的日常生活 [英]鲁惟一 著 刘洁 余霄 译

181. 大分流之外:中国和欧洲经济变迁的政治 [美]王国斌 罗森塔尔 著 周琳 译 王国斌 张萌 审校

182. 中正之笔:颜真卿书法与宋代文人政治 [美]倪雅梅 著 杨简茹 译 祝帅 校译

183. 江南三角洲市镇研究 [日]森正夫 编 丁韵 胡婧 等译 范金民 审校

184. 忍辱负重的使命:美国外交官记载的南京大屠杀与劫后的社会状况 [美]陆束屏 编著/翻译

185. 修仙:古代中国的修行与社会记忆 [美]康儒博 著 顾漩 译

186. 烧钱:中国人生活世界中的物质精神 [美]柏桦 著 袁剑 刘玺鸿 译

187. 话语的长城:文化中国历险记 [美]苏源熙 著 盛珂 译

188. 诸葛武侯 [日]内藤湖南 著 张真 译

189. 盟友背信:一战中的中国 [英]吴芳思 克里斯托弗·阿南德尔 著 张宇扬 译

190. 亚里士多德在中国:语言、范畴和翻译 [英]罗伯特·沃迪 著 韩小强 译

191. 马背上的朝廷:巡幸与清朝统治的建构,1680—1785 [美]张勉治 著 董建中 译

192. 申不害:公元前四世纪中国的政治哲学家 [美]顾立雅 著 马腾 译

193. 晋武帝司马炎 [日]福原启郎 著 陆帅 译

194. 唐人如何吟诗:带你走进汉语音韵学 [日]大岛正二 著 柳悦 译

195. 古代中国的宇宙论 [日]浅野裕一 著 吴昊阳 译

196. 中国思想的道家之论:一种哲学解释 [美]陈汉生 著 周景松 谢尔逊 等译 张丰乾 校译

197. 诗歌之力:袁枚女弟子屈秉筠(1767—1810) [加]孟留喜 著 吴夏平 译

198. 中国逻辑的发现 [德]顾有信 著 陈志伟 译

199. 高丽时代宋商往来研究 [韩]李镇汉 著 李廷青 戴琳剑 译 楼正豪 校

200. 中国近世财政史研究 [日]岩井茂树 著 付勇 译 范金民 审校

201. 魏晋政治社会史研究 [日]福原启郎 著 陆帅 刘萃峰 张紫毫 译

202. 宋帝国的危机与维系:信息、领土与人际网络 [比利时]魏希德 著 刘云军 译

203. 中国精英与政治变迁:20世纪初的浙江 [美]萧邦奇 著 徐立望 杨涛羽 译 李齐 校

204. 北京的人力车夫:1920年代的市民与政治 [美]史谦德 著 周书垚 袁剑 译 周育民 校

205. 1901—1909年的门户开放政策:西奥多·罗斯福与中国 [美]格雷戈里·摩尔 著 赵嘉玉 译

206. 清帝国之乱:义和团运动与八国联军之役 [美]明恩溥 著 郭大松 刘本森 译

207. 宋代文人的精神生活(960—1279) [美]何复平 著 叶树勋 单虹泽 译

208. 梅兰芳与20世纪国际舞台:中国戏剧的定位与置换 [美]田民 著 何恬 译

209. 郭店楚简《老子》新研究 [日]池田知久 著 曹峰 孙佩霞 译

210. 德与礼——亚洲人对领导能力与公众利益的理想 [美]狄培理 著 闵锐武 闵月 译

211. 棘闱:宋代科举与社会 [美]贾志扬 著

212. 通过儒家现代性而思 [法]毕游塞 著 白欲晓 译

213. 阳明学的位相 [日]荒木见悟 著 焦堃 陈晓杰 廖明飞 申绪璐 译

214. 明清的戏曲——江南宗族社会的表象 [日]田仲一成 著 云贵彬 王文勋 译

215. 日本近代中国学的形成:汉学革新与文化交涉 陶德民 著 辜承尧 译

216. 声色:永明时代的宫廷文学与文化 [新加坡]吴妙慧 著 朱梦雯 译

217. 神秘体验与唐代世俗社会:戴孚《广异记》解读 [英]杜德桥 著 杨为刚 查屏球 译 吴晨 审校

218. 清代中国的法与审判 [日]滋贺秀三 著 熊远报 译

219. 铁路与中国转型 [德]柯丽莎 著 金毅 译

220. 生命之道:中医的物、思维与行动 [美]冯珠娣 著 刘小朦 申琛 译

221. 中国古代北疆史的考古学研究 [日]宫本一夫 著 黄建秋 译

222. 异史氏:蒲松龄与中国文言小说 [美]蔡九迪 著 任增强 译 陈嘉艺 审校

223. 中国江南六朝考古学研究 [日]藤井康隆 著 张学锋 刘可维 译

224. 商会与近代中国的社团网络革命 [加]陈忠平 著

225. 帝国之后:近代中国国家观念的转型(1885—1924) [美]沙培德 著 刘芳 译