七
洋务运动和清末新政在天津创造了中国企业的诸多第一,也为律师提供了广阔的执业舞台。
The Westernization Movement and the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty created many firsts in Chinese enterprises in Tianjin, and also provided a broad practice stage for lawyers.
在清末民国变革的宏大背景下,天津因为特殊的地理位置和开放、包容的文化底蕴,出现了一大批“中国之最”。这里有世界上规模最大的火药厂——天津机器局,有最早的邮政、电报通讯系统,最早的军事学院、高等院校,最早的运营铁路和股份制农场,最早的警察和监狱……这一时期,华洋纠纷不断发生,天津律师就成为了沟通中西方法制的纽带,如张务滋律师曾代理高介臣控诉美商兴泰洋行的买卖合同欠款案件,钱俊律师代理李雅泉控告英商仁记洋行票据拨款纠纷案件以及比商电车公司控告孙恩元损害涉外赔偿案件等等。20世纪上半叶,前清的遗老遗少、下野政客、失势军阀云集津城,寓居租界,购地买楼,成为了近代中国绝无仅有的风景,而曾在政府或大理院任职的曹汝霖、董康、章士钊、林行规、江庸、林棨等知名人士都在天津成为了执业律师。(https://www.daowen.com)
In the context of the changes in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,Tianjin, because of its special geographical location and open and inclusive cultural heritage, appeared with a large number of “China's best”.Here is the world's largest gunpowder factory——Tianjin Machinery Bureau, the earliest postal and telegraph communication systems, the earliest military academies, colleges and universities, the earliest railway operations and joint-stock farms, the earliest police and prison…During this period, disputes between China and foreign countries continued to occur,and Tianjin lawyers became the link between Chinese and Western legal systems.For example, lawyer Zhang Wuzi represented Gao Jiechen in suing Young
Tyle for arrears in the sales contract, Qian Jun represented Li Yaquan suing Fobes
Co., William for bill appropriation disputes, and Tianjin Tramways
Lighting Co., Ltd.sued Sun Enyuan for damages in foreign-related compensation cases, and so on.In the first half of the 20th century, survivals of the former Qing Dynasty, politicians, and defeated warlords gathered in Tianjin to live in concessions and purchase land and buildings, which became the unique scenery in modern China.Cao Rulin, Dong Kang, Zhang Shizhao, Lin Xinggui, Jiang Yong, Lin Qi and other celebrities who served in the government and the Daliyuan have become practicing lawyers in Tianjin.
天津自设立之日起就发挥着“九河要津,天子经由”的桥头堡作用。九国租界,不仅书写了一段民族屈辱与抗争的历史,而且为天津的变革与发展带来了契机。西方文明以天津为跳板进入中国,天津也自然而然地成为了清政府应对华洋共处纷杂局面并推行各种革新举措的中心。从利顺德到劝业场,从大公报馆到饮冰室,百年间风云际会,天津涌现出了一大批博古通今、学贯中西的律师。当代律师自应追寻、挖掘先辈的优良传统,推陈出新,继往开来,为民族的伟大复兴贡献自己的力量。
Since the establishment of Tianjin, Tianjin has always played the role of a bridgehead of “the important fund of the Nine Rivers through which the emperor passes”.The nine-nation concession not only wrote a history of national humiliation and resistance, but also brought opportunities for Tianjin's reform and development.Western civilization entered China using Tianjin as a springboard, and Tianjin naturally became the center of the Qing government's response to the chaotic situation of Chinese and foreign coexistence and various innovative measures.From the Astor Hotel to Quanye Bazaar, from Ta-Kung-Pao Office to Yinbing Chamber, a hundred years of turmoil have emerged in Tianjin, with a large number of lawyers who have learned Chinese and Western skills.Contemporary lawyers should pursue and excavate the fine traditions of their ancestors, bring forth the new, carry forward the past, and contribute to the great revival of the nation.