东北鳖Pelofiscus maackii
地方名:黑龙江鳖、鳖、甲鱼、王八
形态特征:中型鳖,成体背甲长124~208mm。躯体扁平,头较小,前端尖,鼻长;背甲近圆形,裙边较宽;背面前缘、中部至后部疣粒排列成纵行,裙边中后部疣粒密布;腹甲较小,四肢粗短,指(趾)间具蹼;雌性尾较细,长不超过裙边后缘;雄性尾较粗长,露出裙边后缘外。生活时,头部有浅黄色或黄褐色斑点,两眼间有一条黑色细纹并过眼眶后向后延伸至头颈后侧;背面土褐色、灰褐色或橄榄色,散布有黑色或黑褐色斑;腹面乳白色或粉色。颈腹面灰色,有浅色斑。
生活习性:生活于江河和湖泊,繁殖期为5—8月,在水域边缘沙土中挖穴产卵;卵圆球形,白色。
地理分布:东北亚特有种,国内见于东北三省、内蒙古东部(?);国外分布于俄罗斯远东地区、朝鲜半岛。
环渤海地区分布:分布于辽宁。
生存状况:缺乏数据(DD),仅见有俄罗斯学者对兴凯湖的调查研究,国内未有专门调查研究。
Testudines Trionychidae Pelofiscus
22.Pelofiscus maackii
Description Medium-sized turtles, adult carapace up to 124-208mm.Flattened body;head is smaller, and front head is sharp, long nose; carapace is nearly in round shape,edge wider; warts arranged in ventral pattern, from the front edge to the middle and rear of the dorsum, with dense warts on the middle and rear edges; plastron is smaller, limbs are thick and short, fingers and toes are webbed; famale's tails is thinner, not longer than the rear edge; male's tails is thicker and longer, extending out the rear edge; the head has light yellow or yellow-brown spots, one black fine grain between eyes, the grain across the orbit and extends backward to the head dorsum and neck; the carapace is taupe brown, taupe or olive, with black or black-brown spots; the plastron is milky white or pink; the neck dorsum is grey, with light-colored spots.
Behaviour They live in rivers and lakes; the breeding period is May to August; they dig holes to lay eggs in the sand at the edge of the water.Eggs are round and white color.
Distribution Native to the northeast Asia; China: Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia; exists in the Russian Far East, Korean Peninsula.Distribution around Bohai Sea:in Liaoning.
Conservation Data deficient (DD), only researched by Russian scholars in Xingkai Lake,no professional investigation and research in China.