参考文献
［1］安秋玲.青少年非正式群体交往与自我同一性发展研究［D］.上海:华东师范大学,2006.
［2］安秋玲.国外青少年群体同一性研究［J］.心理科学,2005,28（4）:1001-1003.
［3］安秋玲,王小慧.班级内青少年非正式群体认同发展研究［J］.心理科学,2006, 29（1）: 94-97.
［4］安秋玲,王小慧.社会同一性理论评述［J］.石家庄学院学报,2007,9（3）:63-67.
［5］Bloom W著,王兵译.认同理论:其结构、动力及应用［J］.社会心理研究,2006 （2）: 80-96.
［6］Burger JM著,陈会昌等译.人格心理学（第6版）［M］.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004.
［7］曹卫东.从“认同”到“承认”［J］.人文杂志, 2008（1）: 42-48.
［8］陈晶.11至20岁青少年的国家认同及其发展［D］.武汉:华中师范大学,2004.
［9］陈午晴.海外华人文化认同的建构:一个社会心理分析架构［J］.社会心理研究, 2002（4）:1-13.
［10］董奇,申继亮.心理与教育研究法［M］.杭州:浙江教育出版社,2005.
［11］方文.群体资格:社会认同事件的新路径［J］.中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）, 2008,25（1）: 89-108.
［12］方文.转型心理学:以群体资格为中心［J］.中国社会科学,2008（4）:137-207.
［13］费孝通.乡土中国［M］.北京:北京大学出版社,1998.
［14］付宗国.群际行为的社会同一性理论介评［J］.山东师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）, 2001,46（5）: 16-18, 45.
［15］郭庆科,李芳,陈雪霞,王炜丽,孟庆茂.不同条件下拟合指数的表现及临界值的选择［J］.心理学报, 2008,40（1）: 109-118.
［16］郭志刚.社会统计分析方法［M］.北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999.
［17］Huntington.我们是谁?美国国家特征面临的挑战［M］.北京:新华出版社, 2005.
［18］侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用［M］.北京:教育科学出版社, 2004.
［19］侯玉波.社会心理学.第1版［M］.北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
［20］李春,宫秀丽.自我分类理论概述［J］.山东师范大学学报, 2006,51（3）: 157-160.
［21］李友梅,肖瑛,黄晓春.社会认同:一种结构视野的分析—以美德日三国为例［M］.上海:上海人民出版社,2007.
［22］林崇德.发展心理学［M］.杭州:浙江教育出版社,2002.
［23］林东升,杨中芳.自评式两极量尺到底在测什么？——寻找中庸自我的意外发现［J］.心理科学, 2007,30（4）: 937-939.
［24］莫雷,王瑞明,陈彩琦,温红博.心理学研究方法的系统分析与体系重构［J］.心理科学, 2006,29（5）: 1026-1030.
［25］钱雪梅.从认同的基本特性看族群认同与国家认同的关系［J］.民族研究, 2006（6）: 16-25.
［26］秦向荣.中国11至20岁青少年的民族认同及其发展［D］.武汉:华中师范大学,2005.
［27］秦向荣,佐斌.民族认同的心理学实证研究［J］.湖北民族学院学报（哲学社会科学版）, 2007,（6）: 37-41.
［28］沈德灿.精神分析心理学［M］.杭州:浙江教育出版社,2005.
［29］史慧颖.中国西南民族地区少数民族民族认同心理与行为适应研究［D］.重庆:西南大学,2007.
［30］史慧颖,张庆林,范丰慧.西南地区少数民族大学生民族认同心理研究［J］.民族教育研究, 2007,18（2）: 32-36.
［31］时蓉华.社会心理学（第1版）［M］.杭州:浙江教育出版社,1998.
［32］苏泉仁,秦宏大.研究生“认同”困境的破解［J］.辽宁师范大学学报, 2008,31 （3）: 71.
［33］Tajfel H,Turner JC著,方文,李康乐译.群际行为的社会认同论.社会心理研究, 2004（2）.
［34］Taylor S E, Peplau L A, Sears D O著,谢晓非,谢冬梅,张怡玲等译.社会心理学（第10版）［M］.北京:北京大学出版社,2004.
［35］万明刚,王亚鹏.藏族大学生的民族认同［J］.心理学报, 2004,36（1）: 83-88.
［36］王兵.群体认同的社会心理研究［R］.北京:北京大学,2001.
［37］王成兵.试论个体认同与集体认同之间的内在关系.理论学刊, 2007（8）: 42-44.
［38］王登峰,崔红.解读中国人的人格［M］.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005.
［39］王嘉毅,常宝宁,丁克贤.新疆南疆维吾尔族青少年国家认同调查［J］.新疆社会科学, 2008（4）: 40-45.
［40］王宁.消费与认同——对消费社会学的一个分析框架的探索［J］.社会学研究, 2001（1）: 4-14.
［41］王沛,刘峰.社会认同理论视野下的社会认同威胁［J］.心理科学进展,2007, 15（5）: 822-827.
［42］王亚鹏.少数民族认同研究现状［J］.心理科学进展,2002,10（1）: 102-107.
［43］温忠麟,候杰泰,马什赫伯特.结构方程模型检验:拟合指数与卡方准则［J］.心理学报, 2004,36（2）: 186-194.
［44］吴小勇,黄希庭,毕重增.身份及其相关研究进展［J］.西南大学学报（社会科学版）, 2008,34（3）: 8-13.
［45］杨国枢.中国人的心理与行为:本土化研究［M］.北京:中国人民大学出版社, 2004.
［46］张剑峰.族群认同探析［J］.学术探索, 2007（1）: 98-99.
［47］张洁,李慧敏.社会转型时期的自我认同与教育——解读吉登斯的自我认同理论［J］.河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）, 2006（6）: 122-126.
［48］张晶萍.省籍意识与文化认同:叶德辉重建湘学知识谱系的努力［J］.湖南大学学报（社会科学版）,2008, 22（2）: 45-49.
［49］张莹瑞,佐斌.社会认同理论及其发展［J］.心理科学进展, 2006,14（3）: 475-480.
［50］赵云丽.符号、群体记忆与群体认同［D］.长春:吉林大学,2007.
［51］赵志裕,温静,谭俭邦.社会认同的基本心理历程——香港回归中国的研究范例［J］.社会学研究, 2005（5）: 202-223.
［52］郑涌,黄希庭.自我概念的结构:大学生“我是谁”反应的内容分析［J］.西南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）,1997,（1）: 72-77.
［53］钟华.弱势群体成员的认同管理策略研究［D］.武汉:华中师范大学,2008.
［54］周晓虹.现代社会心理学［M］.上海:上海人民出版社,1997.
［55］周晓虹.认同理论:社会学与心理学的分析路径［J］.社会科学, 2008（4）: 46-53.
［56］周永康.大学生角色认同实证研究［D］.重庆:西南大学,2008.
［57］佐斌.中国人的关系取向:概念及其测量［J］.华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）, 2002,41（1）:74-80.
［58］佐斌,张阳阳,赵菊,王娟.刻板印象内容模型:理论假设及研究［J］.心理科学进展, 2006,14（1）: 138-145.
［59］佐斌,刘晅.基于IAT和SEB的内隐性别刻板印象研究［J］.心理发展与教育, 2006（4）: 57-63.
［60］佐斌.中国人的脸与面子［M］.武汉:华中师范大学出版社,1997.
［61］Abrams D, Hogg M A. Comments on the motivational status of self-esteem in social identity and intergroup discrimination［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1998,（18）: 317-334.
［62］Abrams D, Marquès J M, Bown N. Pro-norm and anti-norm deviance within and between groups［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1998, （78）: 906-912.
［63］Abrams D, Wetherell M, Cochrane S, et al. . Knowing what to think by knowing who you are: Self-categorization and the nature of norm formation, conformity and group polarization［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1990, （29）:97-119.
［64］Ashmore R D, Deaux K, McLaughlin-Volpe T. An organizing framework for collective identity: Articulation and significance of multidimensionality［J］. Psychological Bulletin, 2004,（130）: 80-114.
［65］Baumeister R F, Leary M R. The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal at-tachments as a fundamental human motivation［J］. Psychological Bulletin, 1995,（117）: 497-529.
［66］Begue L. Social Judgment of Abortion: A Black-Sheep Effect in a Catholic Sheepfold［J］. The Journal of Social Psychology, 2001,141（5）: 640-649.
［67］Branscombe N R, Wann D L, Noel J G. In-group or out-group extremity: Importance of the threatened social identity［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1993,19: 381-388.
［68］Branscombe N R, Wann D L. Collective self-esteem consequences of outgroup derogationwhenavaluedsocialidentityisontrial［J］.European Journalof Social Psychology, 1994,24: 641-657.
［69］Brewer M B. The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1991,17（5）: 475-482.
［70］Brewer, M. B., Ho, H.-K., Lee, J.-Y., ＆ Miller, N. Social identity and social distance among Hong Kong school children［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1997,（13）:156-165.
［71］Brewer M B. Multiple identities and identity transition: implications for Hong Kong［R］. Int. J. Intercultural Rel. 1999,23（2）: 187-197.
［72］Brown R.Social Identity Theory:pastachievements,currentproblemsandfuture challenges［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 2000,（30）: 745-778.
［73］Brown R. Condor, S., Matthews, A., Wade, G. ＆ Williams, J. Explaining intergroup differentiation in an industrial organization［J］. Journal of Occupational Psychology,1986,（59）: 273-286.
［74］Burke P J. The self: measurement requirements from an interactionist perspective［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1980,（43）: 836-849.
［75］Cameron J E A. Three-Factor Model of Social Identity［J］. Self and Identity, 2004,（3）: 239-262.
［76］Callero P. Role-identity salience［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1985,（48）: 203-215.(https://www.daowen.com)
［77］Castano E, Paladino M P, Coull A, Yzerbyt V Y. Protecting the ingroup stereotype: Ingroup identification and the management of deviant ingroup members［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 2002,（41）: 365-385.
［78］Coull A, Yzerbyt V Y, Castano E. Protecting the ingroup: Motivated allocation of cognitive resources in the presence of threatening ingroup members［J］. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 2001,（4）:327-339.
［79］Dimmock J A, Grove J R., Eklund R C. Reconceptualizing team identification: New dimensions and their relationship to intergroup bias［J］. Group Dynamics, 2005,（9）:75-86.
［80］Doosje B, Ellemers N, Spears R. Perceived intragroup variability as a function of group tatus and identification［J］. Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology,1995,（31）: 410-436.
［81］Doosje B, Ellemers N. Stereotyping under threat: The role of group identification［C］.In R.Spears PJ. Oakes,N.Ellemers, S.A.Haslam（Eds.）, The social psychology of stereotyping and group life（1997, 257-272）. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
［82］Ellemers N, Kortekaas P, Ouwekerk J W. Self-categorisation, commitment to thegroupandgroupself-esteemasrelatedbutdistinctaspectsofsocialidentity ［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1999,（29）: 371-389.
［83］Gleason P. Identifying identity: a semantic history［J］. The Journal of American History, 1983,69（4）: 910-931.
［84］Grieve P G, Hogg M A. Subjective uncertainty and intergroup discrimination inthe minimal groupsituation［J］. Personalityand Social Psychology Bulletin, 1999,（25）: 926-940.
［85］Heine S J, Lehman R, Peng K. What’s wrong with cross-cultural comparisons of subjective likert scales? : The reference-group effect［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2002,82（6）:903-918.
［86］Hewstone M, Rubin M, Willis H. Intergroup Bias［C］. Annu. Rev. Psychol, 2002,（53）: 575-604.
［87］Hinkle S, Taylor L A, Fox-Cardamone D L. Intragroup identification and intergroup differentiation: A multicomponent approach［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1989,（28）: 305-317.
［88］Hogg MA,Sunderland J.Self-esteemandintergroupdiscriminationin the minimal group paradigm［J］. British Journal of Socila Psychology, 1991,30（1）: 51-62.
［89］Hogg, M. A. Subjective uncertainty reduction through self-categorization: A motivational theory of social identity processes［J］. European Review of Social Psychology, 2000,（11）: 223-255.
［90］Hogg M A. Social Identity, Self-categorization, and Communication in Small Groups. In Ng S-h, Candlin C, Chiu C-y（eds.）. Language Matters: Communication,Culture, and Social Identity［M］. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press,2004.
［91］Hogg M A, Mullin B-A. Joining groups to reduce uncertainty: subjective uncertainty reduction and group identification［C］. In Abrams D, Hogg M A. Social identity and social cognition. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999,249-279.
［92］Hogg M A, Turner J, Nascimento-Schulze C, et al. Social categorization, intergroup behaviour and self-esteem: two experiments［J］. Revista de Psicologia Social, 1986,1（1）: 23-38.
［93］Hogg MA,Sherman DK,Dierseljuis J,etal.Uncertainty,entitativity,andgroup identification［J］.JournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,2007,（43）:135-142.
［94］Hogg M A, Terry D J, White K M.Deborah J. A Tale of Two Theories: A Critical Comparison of Identity Theory with Social Identity Theory［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1995,58（4）: 255-269.
［95］Hogg M A, Grieve P. Social identity theory and the crisis of confidence in social psychology: A commentary, and some research on uncertainty reduction ［J］. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 1999,2（1）: 79-93.
［96］Hogg M A, Sherman D K, Dierselhuis J, et al. Uncertainty, entitativity, and group identification［J］. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2007, （43）: 135-142.
［97］Hutchison P, Abrams D. Ingroup identification moderates stereotype change in reaction to ingroup deviance［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 2003,（33）: 497-506.
［98］Hutchison P, Abrams D, Gutierrez R. Getting rid of the bad ones: The relation-ship between group identification, deviant derogation, and identity maintenance［J］. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2008,（44）: 874-881.
［99］Jackson, J. ＆ Smith, E. Conceptualizing social identity: a new framework and evidence for the impact of different dimensions［J］. Personality and social psychology bulletin. 1999,25（1）: 120-135.
［100］Jenkins R. Social Identity［M］.London : Routledge,1996.
［101］Jetten J,Hogg MA,Mullin B.In-Group Variabilityand Motivationto Reduce Subjective Uncertainty［J］. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 2000,4（2）: 184-198.
［102］Kelly, C. Intergroup differentiation in a political context［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology,1988,（27）:319-332.
［103］Kelly, C. Political identity and perceived intragroup homogeneity［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1989,（28）:239-250.
［104］Kunda Z. The case for motivated reasoning［J］. Psychological Bulletin, 1990, （108）: 480-498.
［105］Kunda Z, Oleson K C. When exceptions prove the rule: How extremity of deviance determines the impact of deviant examples on stereotypes［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1997,（72）:965-979.
［106］Leach C W, Zomeren M V, Zebel S. Group-Level Self-Definition and Self-Investment:AHierarchical（Multicomponent）Modelof In-Group Identification ［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2008,95（1）: 144-165.
［107］Leary M R, Tangney J P. Handbook of Self and Identity［M］. New York: Guilford Press,2003.
［108］Luhtanen R, Crocker J. A collective self-esteem scale: Self-evaluation of one’s social identity［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1992, （18）:302-318.
［109］Marquès J M, Yzerbyt V Y. The“Black Sheep Effect”: Extremity of judgments towards ingroup members as a function of group identification［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1988,（18）:1-16.
［110］Marquès J M. The black sheep effect: Judgmental extremity towards ingroup members in inter- and intra-group situations［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1988,（18）: 287-292.
［111］Marquès J M. The black sheep effect: Outgroup homogeneity in social comp arison settings［M］. In D. Abrams ＆ M. A. Hogg（Eds.）, Social identity theory:Constructiveandcriticaladvances.London:Harvester Wheatsheaf:1990.
［112］Marquès J M, Robalo E M, Rocha S A. Ingroup bias and the“black sheep”effect: Assessing the impact of social identification and perceived variability on group judgements［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1992, （22）: 331-352.
［113］Marquès J M, Paez D. The“black sheep effect”: Social categorization, rejection of ingroup deviates, and perception of group variability［J］. European Review of Social Psychology, 1994,（5）: 37-69.
［114］Marquès J M, Abrams D, Sero? dio R G. Being better by being right: Subjective group dynamics and derogation of ingroup deviants when generic norms are undermined［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2001, （81）: 436-447.
［115］Meindl J R, Lerner M J. Exacerbation of extreme responses to an out-group ［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984,（47）: 71-84.
［116］Michael A H, Abrams D. Intergroup relations: Essential readings［M］. Key readings in social psychology. New York, NY, US: Psychology Press, 2001,178-187.
［117］Moreno KN,Bodenhausen GV.Resistingstereotypechange:Theroleofmotivation and attentional capacity in defending social beliefs［C］. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 1999,（2）: 5-16.
［118］Mullin B-A, Hogg M A. Motivations for group membership: the role of subjective importance and uncertainty reduction［J］. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 1999,（21）: 91-102.
［119］Mullin B-A, Hogg M A. Dimensions of subjective uncertainty in social identificationandminimalintergroupdiscrimination［J］.British Journalof Social Psychology, 1998,（37）: 345-365.
［120］Oakes P J, Turner J. Social categorization and intergroup behaviour: does minimal intergroup discrimination make social identity more positive［J］. European Journal of Socail Psychology, 1998,（10）: 295-301.
［121］Onorato R S, Turner J C. Fluidity in the self-concept: the shift from personal tosocialidentity［J］.EuropeanJournalofSocialPsychology,2004,34（2）:257-278.
［122］Peng K, Nisbett R E. Culture, Dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction ［J］. American Psychologist,1999,（9）: 741-754.
［123］Phinney J S, Ong A D. Conceptualization and Measurement of Ethnic Identity: Current Status and Future Directions［J］. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2007,54（3）: 271-281.
［124］Pickett, C. L., Silver, M. D., ＆ Brewer, M. B. The impact of assimilation and differentiation needs on perceived group importance and perceptions of ingroupsize［J］.PersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,2002,（82）:546-568.
［125］Roccas S, Brewer M B. Social identity complexity［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2002,6（2）: 88-106.
［126］Rubin M, Hewstone M. Social identity theory’s self-esteem hypothesis: a review and some suggestions for clarification［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1998,2（1）: 40-46.
［127］Sellers R M, Rowley S A J, Chavous T M. Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity: A preliminary preliminary investigation of reliability and construct validity［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1997, （73）: 805-815.
［128］Stets J E, Burke P J. Identity theory and social identity theory［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 2000,63（3）:224-237.
［129］Simon R W. Parental role strains, salience of parental identity, and gender differences in psychological distress［J］. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1992,（33）: 25-35.
［130］Simon, B. ＆ Pettigrew, T. F. Social identity and perceived group homogeneity: Evidence for the ingroup homogeneity effect［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1990,（20）:269-286.
［131］Simon, B., Gl? ssner-Bayerl, B. ＆ Stratenwerth, I. Stereotyping and selfstereotyping in a natural intergroup context: The case of heterosexual and homosexual men［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1991,（5）: 252-266.
［132］Spears R, Doosje B, Ellemers N R. Self-stereotyping in the face of threats to group tatus and distinctiveness: the role of group identification［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1997,（23）: 538-553.
［133］Spears R, Jetten J, Scheepers D. Distinctiveness and the definition of collective self: A tripartite model［C］. In Tesser A, Stapel D A, Wood J V（Eds.）, Self and motivation: Emerging psychological perspectives. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association: 2002,147-171.
［134］Stryker S. Symbolic interactionism: a social structural version. Palo Alto: Benjamin/Cummings,1980.
［135］Stryker S. Identity theory: developments and extensions［M］. In Yardley K, Honess T. Self and Identity. New York: Wiley, 1987,89-104.
［136］Stryker S, Serpe R T.Commitment, identity salience and role behavior. In Ickes W, Knowles, E S. Personality, roles, and social behavior［M］. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982,199-218.
［137］Stryker S, Statham A. Symbolic interaction and role theory［M］. In Lindzey G, Aronson E. The Handbook of Social Psychology（3th）. New York: Random House, 1985,311-378.
［138］Tajfel H. Differentiation between social groups［M］. London: Academic Press,1978.
［139］Tajfel H. Social Identity and Intergroup Relations［M］.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1982.
［140］Tajfel H, Flament C, Billig, M. Bundy R P. Social categorization and intergroup behavior［J］. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1971,1（2）: 149-178.
［141］Tajfel H, Turner J C. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In Worchel S（ed.）. Psychology of intergroup relations［R］. Chicago: Nelson-Hall: 1986,7-24.
［142］Tajfel H, Turner J C. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict［C］. In W. G. Austin ＆ S. Worchel（Eds.）, Social psychology of intergroup relations. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole: 1979,33-48.
［143］Thoits P A. On merging identity theory and stress research［J］. Social Psychology Quarterly, 1991,（54）: 101-112.
［144］Tougas, F. ＆ Veilleux, F. The response of men to affirmative action strategies for women: The study of a predictive model［J］. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 1990,（22）:424-432.
［145］Turner J C. Some current issues in research on social identity and self categorization theories［C］. In Social Identity, Ellemers N, Spears R, Doosje B （eds）. Blackwell: Oxford: 1999,6-34.
［146］Vignoles V L, Chryssochoou X, Breakwell G M. The distinctiveness principle: Identity, meaning and the bounds of cultural relativity［J］. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2000,（4）: 337-354.
［147］Vivian L V, Camillo R, Claudia M. Beyond Self-Esteem: Influence of Multiple Motives on Identity Construction［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2006,90（2）: 308-333.
［148］Wagner, U. ＆ Ward, P. I. Variations of out-group presence and evaluation of the in-group［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1993,（32）:241-251.
［149］Wagner U, Lampen L, Syllwasschy J. Ingroup inferiority, social identity and outgroup devaluation in a modified extended minimal group study［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1986,25（1）: 15-24.
［150］Wilder, D. A. Predictions of belief homogeneity and similarity following social categorization［J］. British Journal of Social Psychology, 1984,（23）: 323-333.
［151］Wiley MG.Gender,work,andstress:thepotentialimpactofrole-identitysalience and commitment［J］. Sociological Quarterly,1991,（32）: 495-510.
［152］Yzerbyt V Y, Coull A, Rocher S J. Fencing off the deviant: The role of cognitive resources in the maintenance of stereotypes［J］. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999,（77）: 449-462.