年轻与年长外科医生
1.The keen clinician, as he grows in experience, becomes more and more valuable as age advances.
—— William J.Mayo, 1861——1939
【译文】积极热情的临床医生，随其经验的增长，变得越来越有价值。
2.A young surgeon should keep his affections in cold storage.
—— Lan Aird, 1905——1962
【译文】年轻外科医生需要雪藏他们的情感。
【点评】这是一门大学问。
3.For surgeons an old man is somebody ten years older than you.
—— Avi Roy Shapira
【译文】对于外科医生而言，所谓老人就是那个比你年长十岁的人。
4.When I was young, patients were afraid of me; now that I am old, I am afraid of patients.
—— Johann Peter Frank, 1745——1821
【译文】年轻时，患者怕我；现在老了，我怕患者。
【点评】的确，外科医生越做越害怕。
5.Young men kill their patients; old men let them die.
—— James Gregory, 1753——1821
【译文】年轻医生将患者折腾至死，年长医生任由患者自然死去。
【点评】前者初生牛犊，什么手术都敢做，结果非但患者未能获益反倒加速了其死亡；后者经验老到，严格掌握手术适应证，面对那些既无手术耐受力，也不能从手术获益的患者只能无奈地顺其自然。
6.The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions ...The young man feels uneasy if he is not continually doing something to stir up his patient's internal arrangements.The old man takes things more quietly, and is much more willing to let well enough alone.
—— Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1809——1894
【译文】年轻医生懂得规则，但老医生知道例外……若不频繁地做些事来搅乱患者的自稳机制，年轻医生就觉得全身不自在。老医生则能更平静的处理事情，更愿意让患者通过其自身力量好起来。
【点评】“为”是规矩，“无为”是例外，是艺术。(https://www.daowen.com)
7.By the time a man really attains success in surgery, he is on the heights of middle age, and like a woman in a bathing dress——he wants but little here below,nor wants that little long.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】当一个男人在外科获得真正成功时，他已抵达其中年的巅峰，而且，就像一个穿着浴衣的女人——他只想要那下面一点点，再长一点点都不想要。
8.Young surgeons err in believing that knowledge can compensate for lack of experience; old surgeons err in believing that experience can compensate for lack of knowledge.
—— Moshe Schein
【译文】年轻外科医生错误地认为知识可弥补经验的不足；而年长外科医生则错误地认为经验可弥补知识的不足。
【点评】就一名优秀的外科医生而言，丰富的经验与不断更新的知识缺一不可。
9.Young surgeons, busy mastering the technicalities of the art, are particularly alert to seize every legitimate opportunity to practice technical manoeuvres, the more complicated the better.
—— Stanley O.Hoerr, 1909——1990
【译文】年轻外科医生，忙于掌握手术技术，要特别注重抓住每一个合法的机会练习技术动作，越复杂越好。
10.There are bold surgeons and old surgeons but few old-bold surgeons.
【译文】外科医生有胆大的和年迈的，但很少有年迈的外科医生还胆大。
11.When people have entered the seventies of their age, they usually find themselves growing conservative.
—— William J.Mayo, 1861——1939
【译文】迈入古稀之年的人们，通常会发现自己变得越来越保守。
12."The young physician starts life with 20 drugs for each disease, and the old physician ends life with one drug for 20 diseases," said William Osler (1849——1919).Similarly, the greenhorn surgeon knows about numerous surgical options for each condition but when aging he adheres to the one option that he can do best.
—— Moshe Schein
【译文】威廉· 奥斯勒（William Osler，1849——1919） 说过：“ 刚入行的年轻内科医生用20 种药物来治疗一种疾病， 而快退休的老医生则用一种药治疗20 种疾病。”同样， 新手外科医生知道每一种情况有多种手术选择，当其一把年纪时，他坚持只用那个他做得最好的术式。
13.Many people like their doctors moldy like their cheese.
—— Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1809——1894
【译文】许多人喜欢像陈腐长霉的奶酪那样的（老）医生。
【点评】多数中国人也有这样的择医取向。
14.Beware of the young doctor and old barber.
【译文】当心年轻的医生和老剃头匠。
15.A surgeon should be young, a physician old.
【译文】外科医生要年轻的，内科医生要年老的。
16.And middle-of-the-night aneurysms never failed to leave his nerves jangling like a steel band on speed.As a young man he could cat-nap on a washing line, yet be instantly awake and alert when necessary, but now at fifty-eight, his old bones took longer to settle and even longer to spring into action.
—— Mike Albany
【译文】午夜的动脉瘤急诊总是让他的神经绷紧得像高速运转的钢带一样发出刺耳声。年轻时，他可以在晾衣绳上打个盹，一旦需要可立刻清醒并机敏如常，但现在58岁了，他一把老骨头需要更长时间才能安顿下来，立马行动起来则需要更长时间。
【点评】年轻是外科医生的重要资本！
17.Then there were the on-calls, like tonight.Thirty years ago it was every other night and his body could cope with it easily; now it was only once a week and every fifth weekend, but the constant stone-in-the-shoe feeling of waiting for the phone to ring always left him drained.
—— Mike Albany
【译文】30年前，每隔一晚，就像今晚这样值班，那时身体应对自如；而现在，每周只有1次，每到第5个周末时，拖着灌了铅一样的双腿等候电话呼叫时总是让他感觉到精疲力竭。
18.Hardening of the attitude occurs before hardening of the arteries.
—— Matt Oliver
【译文】 （老外科医生的）态度硬化发生在动脉硬化之前。
19.The "Old Chairman Syndrome ": at the lecture hall he preaches what he's heard at the last Association Meeting; on his own patients he practices what he did thirty years ago.
—— Moshe Schein
【译文】“老主任综合征”：在报告厅里，他讲的是上次学术会上听到的东西；而在自己的患者身上，用的还是三十年前的那一套。
20.Why not put the surgical age of retirement for the attending surgeon at sixty and the physician at sixty-three or sixty-five, as you think best? I have an idea that the surgeon's fingers are apt to get a little stiff and this makes him less competent before the physician's cerebral vessels do.
—— Harvey Williams Cushing, 1869——1939
【译文】为什么不把主诊外科医生的手术年龄限定在60岁，内科医生在63岁或65岁退休，你不认为这样最好吗？因为在内科医生发生脑血管硬化前，外科医生的手指就开始有些僵化，随之工作胜任能力也有所下降。
【点评】这是当前60岁退休的“科学依据”吗？
21.When a man falls into his anecdotage, it is a sign for him to retire.
—— Benjamin Disraeli, 1804——1881
【译文】当一个人陷入逸闻旧事中时，这就是他该退休的标志。
22.Once surgeons have lived a life in surgery and reach a certain age, it can be difficult to humbly accept retirement.The best surgeons know when to leave the operating room for good.It is always better to do so one year too early than one day too late.
—— Eduado De.Santibanes
【译文】在手术中度过了一生的外科医生，一旦到了一定的年龄，就很难谦恭地接受退休。最好的外科医生知道何时离开手术室最恰当，早一年总比晚一天好。
【点评】观察到位，悟得透彻。
23.My lamp is almost extinguished.I hope it has burned for benefit of others.
—— Percivall Pott, 1714——1788
【译文】我的灯油几近熬干，我希望都是为了他人利益所燃尽。
【点评】春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干。
24.Each day as I go through the hospital surrounded by young men, they give me of their dreams and I give them of my expertise, and I get the better of the exchange.
—— William J.Mayo, 1861——1939
【译文】每天，我穿过被年轻人簇拥的医院时，他们向我展示他们的梦想，我回报他们以我的专业知识，个人觉得这个交易不错。
25.The old should remember that they represent the past, and that the young represent the future.
—— William J.Mayo, 1861——1939
【译文】老年人应该记住，你们代表着过去，而年轻人代表着未来。
26.A danger of aging is the temptation to look back without looking forward,probably because the latter prospect is so understandably discouraging.I would like to avoid this temporal hang-up.
—— Alexander J.Walt, 1923——1996
【译文】衰老的危险之一是，人们禁不住回首过去，而不去展望未来，或许因为未来令人沮丧，所以想躲避这当下的烦恼。
【点评】每个人都是“承前启后”的节点，不可太消极。
27.Incompetence does not necessarily come with age——generally, the incompetent physician was that way from the start of his career.What comes with age is stiff fingers, perhaps a tremor, less visual acuity and diminished endurance, losing technical skills as a result.
—— Andy Gage
【译文】年岁增长不一定意味着能力不足——通常，真正能力不行的医生自从他的职业生涯开始就不行。随年龄增长而来的是手指僵硬，也许还震颤，视力下降，耐力下降，最后导致技术能力丧失。
28.When a lawyer is about fit to be put on the shelf, he is put on the bench instead.But when the operating surgeon begins to fail, he has to stop.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】一位律师快要退居二线时，可以安排他作为替补；但做手术的外科医生开始走下坡路时，则不得不停下来。
【点评】也不尽然，很多德高望重的老外科医生虽然不再亲自操刀手术，但是给年轻人做顾问，在手术台下把关，对临床和科研工作指点迷津，还是能发挥一些作用的。
29.A surgeon can continue to operate as long as his hand is steady and his eye keen.Hand and eye are apt to fail in the sixties.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】只要手稳、眼利，外科医生依然可以继续做手术。但有些人六十来岁手和眼睛就不怎么好使了。
30.Longevity is worthwhile only if it prolongs youth rather than old age.
—— Alexis Carrel, 1873——1944
【译文】长寿唯有延长青春，而非年轮徒增，才是有价值的。
31.Everything-er-nowadays is too-er-difficult.It is time that the-er-younger men took my-er-place.
—— Grant Massie, 1896——1964
【译文】现在一切都……唉太难了，唉……是让年轻人唉……顶替我的时候了。
【点评】这不像外科医生的行事风格。
32.Retiring department chairman: in one day he goes from "who's who" to"who's he? "
【译文】某一天从“他就是谁！”变成了“他是谁啊？”那他就成了一位退休的科主任。
【点评】职场上，“长江后浪推前浪”“你方唱罢我登场”是不可抗拒的自然规律。
33.Although a doctor may be in the winter of his years, the icicles should never gather in his heart and the lamp of pity should never be extinguished in his soul.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】虽然每一位医生都会走进他岁月的冬天，但永远不应让冰凌在其心头凝结，怜悯之灯也永远不要在其灵魂中熄灭。
【点评】莫道桑榆晚，为霞尚满天。
34.Every Chief of Service should have a pet dog, like Ulysses had.When he retires from the hospital he should leave his dog on the floor of the department he served, because when he returns the only one who will recognize him will be his dog.
—— Béla Schick, 1877——1967
【译文】每位科主任都应该像尤利西斯那样养条宠物狗，当他从医院退休时，把狗留在他服务过的科室，这样当他再回来时，唯一能认出他的将是这条狗。
【点评】各位觉得有必要吗？既然老主任退休后人情淡漠到如此地步，留下一条能认出他的狗又有何补益？再说，如果一位主任退休后遭如此冷落，是否也应该反思一下自身？
【考注】《尤利西斯》是爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯创作的一部长篇小说，首次出版于1922年。作为意识流小说的代表作，被奉为20世纪最伟大的小说。
小说讲述两名主人公，一位是青年诗人斯蒂芬努力寻找一个精神上象征性的父亲，另一位是布卢姆努力寻找一个儿子的故事，其中布卢姆寻找儿子从很大程度上讲则是因为他需要一个后代来巩固自己的身份和延续香火。本句之所以提到该小说，我想是为了借用“布卢姆寻找儿子”这个故事来映射退休老主任的心态。
35.Be kind to people on the way up so they will be kind to you when you are on the way down.
【译文】走上坡路时要善待别人，这样你走下坡路时他们才会善待你。
【点评】与人为善，于己为善；与人有路，于己有退。