外科学习
1.According to Paget's figures, almost one third of any class of students made a mistake when they selected medicine for a profession, I am disposed to think that Paget's figures would apply today.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】根据佩吉特的数据显示，每个班都有几乎1/3的学生是错选了医学作为职业，在我看来这个数据今天仍然适用。
【点评】站在医学之门前的年轻学子们，请慎重抉择！
2.Most medical students are attracted to surgery, Its positive results please them.The bloody drama of the operation fascinates them, the dramatic force of some great operator stirs their admiration.They hear little of failures.They know nothing of the haunting anxieties, the keen disappointments, the baffling perplexities, the dread responsibilities, and the numerous self-reproaches.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】大多数医学生被外科手术所吸引，因其立竿见影的效果令人愉悦、手术血腥的剧情让他们着迷、那些手术巨匠的戏剧性表现让他们羡慕不已。可他们很少听到失败的消息，他们对那挥之不去的焦虑、极度的失望、莫名其妙的困惑，更有可怕的责任和无尽的自责一无所知。
【点评】这就是半英雄半狗熊的外科医生生涯。
3.You must always be students, learning and unlearning till your life's end,and if, gentlemen.you are not prepared to follow your profession in this spirit, I implore you to leave its ranks and betake yourself to some third-class trade.
—— Joseph Lister, 1827——1912
【译文】你必须永远是学生，“学习——忘掉”，周而复始，相伴一生。如果，先生们，你不准备以这种精神执着于你的职业，我恳请你离开这个行业，转投于某些三流的行当吧。
【点评】尽管有“劝人学医，天打雷劈”警世恒言在前，但总有“明知山有虎偏向虎山行”的勇士，生生不息地延续着外科医生这一支血脉的香火。
4.The education of a doctor which goes on after his degree is, after all, the most important part of his education.
—— John Shaw Billings, 1838——1913
【译文】毕业后的继续教育才是医学教育中最重要的部分。
5.Once you start studying medicine you never get through with it.
—— Charles H.Mayo, 1865——1939
【译文】一旦踏入医学之门，学习就将永无止境。
6.A physician's life is a constant and losing battle against obsolescence.
—— Mark M.Ravitch, 1910——1989
【译文】医生生涯就是一场不断与落伍叫阵并最终败给它的持久战。
【点评】尤其在信息大爆炸的今天更是如此。
7.The life of a medical student at a hospital can be pleasantly quiet if he choose to be lazy, or tiringly exciting if he choose otherwise.
—— Geiffrey Keynes, 1887——1982
【译文】一个医学生如果选择懒惰，他可在医院安闲度日；相反，他也可选择成天累得半死却依然兴奋不已的另类生活。
8.Thou shalt far more easily and happily attain to the knowledge of these things by long use and much exercise, than by much reading of books, or daily hearing of teachers.For speech how perspicuous and elegant so ever it be, cannot so vividly express anything, as that which is subjected to the faithful eyes and hands.(https://www.daowen.com)
—— Ambroise Pare, 1510——1590
【译文】相比于大量阅读或每天听老师授课，常应用、多操练能更容易、更快乐地掌握知识。再简明易懂的演讲，也不如亲眼所见、亲手操作来得生动。
【点评】百闻不如一见。
9.The bedside is always the true centre of medical teaching.
—— Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1809——1894
【译文】床边始终是医学教学的真正中心。
10.Pointing out several cadavers: "these are the books your son will learn under my direction, the others are fit for very little ".
—— John Hunter, 1728——1793
【译文】（他）指着几具尸体说：“这些就是你儿子在我的指导下要学的书，其他就没有什么合适的了”。
11.I never fail to impress on my students the great value of operations and vivisection on large dogs.
—— Augustus Charles Bernays, 1854——1907
【译文】我总是让我的学生们明白用大型狗做手术和活体解剖的重要性。
12.Medical examinations: they are no test of the man.They are only tests of his memory for facts.They tell us nothing of his judgment, tact, energy, enthusiasm,idealism, reason, observation, temperament, disposition, honesty, loyalty, courage,truthfulness, or intelligence.Memory of facts means little.The other things mean nearly all.
—— J.Chalmers Da Costa, 1863——1933
【译文】医学考试 ：考的不是“人”，而只是一种记忆力测验。它无法告诉我们一个人的判断力、辨别力、精力、热情、理想、理性、观察力、性格、气质、诚实、忠诚、勇气、诚信或智慧。对事物的记忆能力实在无关宏旨，而其他这些禀赋几乎代表了一个人的全部。
【点评】优秀的外科医生不应该只是记忆力竞赛的高分，而是全方位做一个人的高分。
13.We give too much attention to the development of memory and too little to developing the mind; we lay too much stress on acquiring knowledge and too little on the wise application of knowledge.
—— William J.Mayo, 1861——1939
【译文】我们把太多的注意力放在记忆力的开发上，而很少关注心智的发展；我们过于强调获取知识，而很少强调知识的灵活应用。
【点评】完全赞同！只是不知道这种记忆力比赛的考试何时可退出医学教育的舞台？
14.50% of what you learn today will be obsolete in 5 years.
【译文】今天所学有一半会在5年内被淘汰。
15.Useful knowledge is meant to be applied.Useless knowledge may even be an encumbrance and may be occupying a cell that could be better employed.
—— Charles F.M.Saint, 1886——1973
【译文】有用的知识是用来应用的，无用的知识就是一种累赘，还白白占用了可有更好用途的脑细胞。
16.I failed in the primary Fellowship examination of the Royal College——I was … inadequate in the ordeal of exposure to the savagely searching questions asked by experienced and sometimes rather alarming surgeons, who wanted to know how much a frightened young man could reproduce, from his only partially trained memory, of details of topographical anatomy, much of which had seemed to him to be of little or no practical importance.
—— Geiffrey Keynes, 1887——1982
【译文】我在皇家学院的初级专科医生培训考试中不及格——我……经受不住那种折磨人的提问，那些外科医生经验丰富、有时甚至相当令人恐惧，问题残忍，不断纠缠。他想知道，一个受了惊吓的年轻人，凭他那仅有的部分记忆训练，能复述多少结构解剖学的细节，其中大部分内容对他来说似乎完全不重要或者没有什么实际意义。
17.It must be remembered that physicians of today are trained to treat the sick,and they must learn how to examine so-called well persons to prevent them from getting sick.
—— Charles H.Mayo, 1865——1939
【译文】必须记住，今天的医生受过如何治疗患者的训练，他们还必须学会如何做所谓的健康人群调查，以预防生病。
【点评】重治疗轻预防一直是我国临床医学教育的一个误区。