手术出血
1.The blood is the life.
—— Deuteronomy, The Bible
【译文】血液就是生命。
2.Operative atlases never bleed.
【译文】手术图谱从不出血。
3.To the surgeon the colors of winter and summer are red——the blood.
—— V.A.Zotov
【译文】对外科医生来说，冬天和夏天的颜色都是红色的——血液的颜色。
4.The most important clotting factor is the surgeon.
—— Moshe Schein
【译文】最重要的凝血因子是外科医生。
5.A French visitor to Berkley Moynihan (1865——1936) after watching the latter's meticulous hemostasis: "is the your English blood so precious? "
【译文】一位法国来访者在观摩完Berkley Moynihan一丝不苟的手术止血后问他：“你们英国的血液如此珍贵吗?”
6.If it were not for the frightful hemorrhage which so frequently attends them,operations would be robbed of nearly all their terror, and few men would shrink from their performance.
—— Samuel Gross, 1805——1884
【译文】如果不是因为常常会遇到可怕的出血，那么外科手术几乎毫无恐惧可言，也不会有人临阵畏缩。
7.One man's haemorrhage is another man's ooze.
【译文】一个人（患者）大出血，另一个人（医生）的心在渗血。
8.The only weapon with which the unconscious patient can immediately retaliate upon the incompetent surgeon is hemorrhage.
—— William Stewart Halsted, 1852——1922
【译文】无意识状况下的患者对一位不称职的外科医师进行立刻报复的唯一武器就是大出血。
9.The three biggest lies are "I will respect you in the morning ", "the check is in the mail " and "it was dry when we closed ".
—— Lee J.Skandalakis
【译文】三个最大的分别是：“早上我会尊重你”“支票已寄出”和“关腹时很干燥”。
10.The three words most often associated with re-operation for hemorrhage are: "it will stop".
【译文】因大出血而需再次手术时常说的三个字是：“会止的”。
11.The surgeon never suffers greater anxiety than when he is called upon to suppress a violent hemorrhage; and on no occasion is the reputation of his art so much at stake.
—— J.F.D.Jones, ?——1811
【译文】外科医生从来不会遇到比被叫去控制一个大出血的患者更焦虑的事，此时他个人的技艺声誉也将受到空前的挑战。
12.There are 4 degrees of intra-operative hemorrhage:① "Why did I get involved in this operation?" ②"Why did I become a surgeon?" ③ "Why did I study to become a doctor?" ④"Why was I born?"
—— Alexander A.Artemiev
【译文】手术台上出血分四个等级：①“我为什么要做这台手术？”②“我为什么要选择做外科医生？”③“我为什么要选择做医生？”④“我为什么要来到这世界？”
【点评】尽管有些夸张，但却非常深刻地描绘出了外科医生面对手术台上大出血时的焦虑和无助！
13.Massive blood loss seals his fate.Do not wait … operate.
—— Francis D.Moore, 1913——2001
【译文】大出血生死攸关，不要等啦……开刀吧。
14.The actively bleeding patient is like a bottomless bucket——you can't fill him.
—— Moshe Schein(https://www.daowen.com)
【译文】活动性出血的患者像个无底的水桶——你怎么也灌不满它。
15.It is not the blood loss you can see that will get you, it's the blood loss you can't see.
【译文】能看见，能控制的不是出血；你看不见的出血才是出血。
16.When a surgeon finds himself in the presence of a wound, from which a great deal of blood is flowing, he should examine from which part it comes, if it flows from the wound by fits and spurts, then it is evident that it comes from an artery, and in that case it is limpid and of a lighter color, If the blood flows slowly,and is of a deeper color, it comes from the common veins which nourish the body.
—— Jean Yperman, 1260——1310
【译文】外科医生面对一个大出血的创面必须明确血液从哪来。如果呈间歇性、喷射状且血色明亮，显然是来自动脉；如果血流缓慢、色暗，通常来自一般的小静脉。
17.Rules for sudden haemorrhage: ①be calm; ②clamp or pack;③adequate exposure and deal as necessary.
—— Ivor Lewis, 1895——1982
【译文】处理手术中突发出血的原则是：①冷静；②钳住或压住；③充分显露并进行必要的处理。
18.For the body hemostasis.For the mind, equanimity.
—— Francis D.Moore, 1913——2001
【译文】要想（患者）身体止血，（医生）头脑必须冷静。
19.We have at present many means of preventing blood clotting, but no means to accelerate clotting that do not bring the risk of spontaneous thrombosis in the cardiac and cerebral vessels … can we not have some substance which when injected into the circulation … seals cut vessels … can we not have a hemostatic liquid that is sprayed on to the flap.
—— William Heneage Ogilvie, 1887——1971
【译文】目前我们有很多办法阻止血液凝固，但却没有办法加速血液凝固而又不会带来心、脑血管自发性血栓的风险……我们能否有一种物质，可注入循环中封堵血管……能否有一种喷洒在皮瓣上的止血剂。
20.Hemorrhage can be stopped in four ways: by pressure exerted upon the vessel until the blood coagulates in the mouth of the opening; by cooling of the part in which the wound is located; by actual or potential cautery; by ligature and torsion of the vein and artery.
—— Jean Yperman, 1260——1310
【译文】不外乎四种止血方法：压迫血管，直到血液在破口处凝固；对出血部位进行冷凝；直接或间接地烧灼；结扎和夹闭静脉和动脉。
21.You have to ligate the artery if the tip of the diathermy fits into its end.
【译文】血管断端与电灼器的尖端相近大小的动脉应该结扎处理。
【点评】这个血管结扎止血的标准也太胆大了吧！
22.All bleeding eventually ceases.
—— Guy de Chauliac, 1300——1368
【译文】任何出血最终都会停止。
【点评】关键是何时停止？
23.Whenever you encounter massive bleeding, the first thing to remembers is that it is not your blood.
—— Raphael Adar
【译文】无论何时遇到大出血，首先要记住那不是你的血。
【点评】不是让你不闻不问，而是不要慌张。
24.Blood blank is the surgeon's gas station.
【译文】血库是外科医生的加油站。
25.Patients bleed whole blood，not components.
【译文】患者出的是全血，不是成分血。
26.The most common cause of post-operative coagulopathy: poor hemostasis.
【译文】术后凝血障碍最常见的原因是止血不好。
【点评】不少外科医生习惯于用“凝血障碍”来掩饰自己手术当中止血不彻底所导致的手术后出血。