专 家
1.The definition of a specialist as one who "knows more and more about less and less" is good and true.Its truth makes essential that the specialist, to do efficient work, must have some association with others who taken together, represent the whole of which the specialty is only a part.
—— Charles H.and Charles W.Mayo, 1865——1939
【译文】所谓专家就是“对那点越来越少的东西了解得越来越多”，这个定义既贴切又真实。真实的要义是作为专家，为了更有效地工作，必须与掌握更全面知识的人一起合作，因为其专业只是其中一部分。
【点评】只有建立起了这种合作机制才能最大限度地发挥专家的作用。
2.To my sons: whatever specialty they follow, may they never forget to be doctors.
—— Harry E.Mock, 1880——?
【译文】我对弟子们说：不管你们学什么专业，永远不要忘记你们是医生。
3.Specialization is of greatest value to surgery, not because each branch studies some small subject with greater intensity but because each brings a fresh outlook, a new school of surgical thought, which can be supplied with benefit to the rest of the art.
—— William Heneage Ogilvie, 1887——1971
【译文】专业化对外科有很大价值，并非因为其加大了对一些小专题分支的研究力度，而是因为给每一个分支都带来了新观点，新的外科思想流派，这将惠及外科艺术的方方面面。
【点评】“专而精”是学科向纵深发展的必由之路。
4.The most important contribution a specialist can make is to say the patient's disease is not in his domain.
—— Mark M.Ravitch, 1910——1989
【译文】专家能做出的最重要贡献就是说：这个患者的病不是他的专长。
【点评】有一种责任叫“放弃”。
5.Everybody is against specialization except the patient.
—— Francis D.Moore, 1913——2001
【译文】除患者以外，每个人都反对专业化。
6.Domination by one specialty is not healthy for either public service or the balance of teaching.Domination becomes damnation.
—— Francis D.Moore, 1913——2001
【译文】被某个专业所主宰将不利于公众服务或教学的均衡发展。主宰就变成了诅咒。
【点评】过度专业化有其利必有其弊。
7.All you have to do to be a neurosurgeon is know that the brain forks and that air rises.
—— Saul Rosen(https://www.daowen.com)
【译文】要成为一名神经外科医生，只要知道大脑交叉和气体向上升这两条就足够。
8.No man can be a pure specialist without being in the strict sense an idiot.
—— George Bernard Shaw, 1856——1950
【译文】不是一名严格意义上的白痴，就不可能成为一名纯粹的专家。
【点评】的确如此。专得越深，痴得越厉害。
9.A specialist must always appear to be fond of the general practitioner in the same way a good citizen is fond of his dog or the Mountie is fond of his horse.
—— Ian Rose, ?——1960
【译文】专家必须总是表现出对全科医生的喜爱，就像好公民喜欢他的狗或骑警喜爱自己的马一样。
【点评】从某种意义上讲，专而不忘博将有助于专家往精深发展。
10.Getting a second opinion is like switching slot machines.
—— Jimmy Townsend
【译文】寻求另外一名医生的第二意见就像在赌场换老虎机。
【点评】试一试新的平台，增加胜算的机会。
11.… it is difficult for a specialist to see beyond his own field, and easy for him to believe that his own particular services are required.
—— Joseph A.Jerger
【译文】一名专家很难跳出他自己的领域看问题，并且容易认为他个人特别专业的服务是必不可少的。
【点评】往往越是老专家、越有成就的专家，越容易这样。
12.The primary goal of all generalists is to save patients from specialists.
【译文】全科医生的首要目标是尽可能自己救治患者而非依赖专家。
13.High volume physicians may perform a procedure better, but the patient may have been less likely to need it in the first place.
—— Robert H.Brook
【译文】拥有大量病例经验的医生可能手术操作更好，但一开始，患者或许很少有这种需要。
14.An expert surgeon: someone more than fifty miles from home with a carousel of slides.
【译文】何为专家级外科医生：就是在离家50英里（80.47千米）以外的地方带着一盒演讲幻灯片的人。