3 清除老化细胞
老化细胞停止分裂，但并不死亡，而是在体内累积［8］，同时分泌炎症因子和其他信号分子［9］，导致衰老和引发包括癌症在内的各种与年龄相关的疾病［10］。
使用10 μm 槲皮素，可使正常人脐静脉内皮细胞数目在1～3 天之内增加2～3 倍，而培养皿中的老化细胞减少50%，说明槲皮素可杀死老化细胞［11］。
在很多食物中有不同含量的槲皮素（图14.3）［11］。
图14.3 含槲皮素的食物
除了图14.3 中列出的食物，在生酸豆、拉维纪草、萝卜叶中也富含槲皮素。最近的研究表明，生育三烯酚是较不为人知的维生素E 家族成员，可减缓健康细胞的老化，也可促进癌细胞的衰老和凋亡，具有双重功能［12］。
对于消除体内的老化细胞，美国梅奥诊所正在开发一系列靶向清除衰老细胞的“长寿药”，统称为senolytics［13］。在他们最早确定的两款senolytics 中就包括槲皮素。
北京某健康医学中心的清除老化细胞方案：
（A）推荐每天膳食中需包括
·接骨木果 100 g
·红洋葱 150 g
·白洋葱 200 g
·蔓越橘 250 g
·绿辣椒 250 g
也建议适量食用羽衣甘蓝、蓝莓、红苹果、长叶莴笋、梨和菠菜。
（B）槲皮素+生育三烯酚类维生素E
根据个体状况，服用二水槲皮素或槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷与生育三烯酚类维生素E。
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