Tourism Cities（旅游城市）
1）Athens（雅典）
Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities，with its recorded history spanning around 3400 years，and the earliest human presence around the 11th-7th centuries BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus.A centre for the arts，learning and philosophy，home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum，it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy，largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent and in particular the Romans.In modern times，Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic，financial，industrial，maritime，political and cultural life in Greece.
Athens is recognized as a global city because of its geo-strategic location and its importance in shipping，finance，commerce，media，entertainment，arts，international trade，culture，education and tourism.It is one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe，with a large financial sector，and its port Piraeus is the largest port in Greece.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city，represented by ancient monuments and works of art，the most famous of all being the Parthenon，considered a key landmark of early Western civilization.The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments，as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments.
Athens is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites，the Acropolis of Athens and the medieva lDaphn iMonastery.Landmarks of the modern era，dating back to the establishment of Athens as the capital of the independent Greek state in 1834，include the Hellenic Parliament（19th century）and the Athens Trilogy，consisting of the National Library of Greece，the Athens University and the Academy of Athens.Athens was the host city of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896，and 108 years later it welcomed home the 2004 Summer Olympics.Athens is home to the Nationa lArcheological Museum，featuring the world's largest collection of ancient Greek antiquities，as well as the new Acropolis Museum.
雅典是希腊的首都和最大的城市，是世界上最古老的城市之一，最早的人类出现在公元前11至7世纪。古典时期的雅典是一个强大的城邦，作为艺术、学习和哲学的中心，它是柏拉图学院和亚里士多德学园的所在地，它被称为西方文明的摇篮和民主的诞生地。现代雅典是一个大都市，是希腊经济、金融、工业、海事、政治和文化生活的中心。
雅典被认为是一个全球性城市，这得益于它的战略地理位置，以及它在航运、金融、商业、媒体、娱乐、艺术、国际贸易、文化、教育和旅游方面的重要性。它是欧洲东南部最大的经济中心之一，拥有庞大的金融部门，港口比雷埃夫斯是希腊最大的港口。
这座城市仍然保留着古典时期的遗产，以古代历史遗迹和艺术作品为代表，其中最著名的是帕特农神庙，它被认为是早期西方文明的重要里程碑。这座城市还保留了罗马和拜占庭时期的历史遗迹，以及少量的奥斯曼帝国的历史遗迹。
雅典有两处联合国教科文组织世界遗产：雅典卫城和中世纪的达芙妮修道院。现代地标包括19世纪的希腊议会和由希腊国家图书馆、雅典大学和雅典学院组成的“雅典三部曲”。雅典是1896年第一届现代奥运会的举办城市，也是2004年夏季奥运会的举办城市。
（1）Acropolis of Athens（雅典卫城）
The Acropolis of Athens is an ancient citadel located on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens and contains the remains of severa lancient buildings of great architectural and historic significance，the most famous being the Parthenon.The word acropolis comes from the Greek words ǎκρου（akron，“edge，extremity”）andπóλιζ（polis，“city“）.Although there are many other acropolis in Greece，the significance of the Acropolis of Athens is that it is commonly known as“The Acropolis”without qualification.
Every four years，the Athenians held a festival called the Panathenaea that rivaled the Olympic Games in popularity.During the festival，a procession（believed to be depicted on the Parthenon frieze）traveled through the city via the Panathenaic Way and culminated on the Acropolis.There，a new robe of woven wool（peplos）was placed on either the statue of Athena Polias in the Erechtheum（during a regular Panathenaea）or on the statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon（during the Great Panathenaea，held every four years）.
雅典卫城是一座古老的要塞，坐落在雅典市中心的卫城山丘上，城内有几座具有重要建筑和历史意义的古建筑遗迹，其中最著名的是帕特农神庙。
雅典人每四年举行一次“泛雅典娜节”，其受欢迎程度可与奥运会相媲美。在节日期间，一个游行队伍通过泛雅典之路穿过城市，并在卫城达到高潮。
（2）Olympia（奥林匹亚）
Olympia，a sanctuary of ancient Greece in Elis on the Peloponnese Peninsula，is known for having been the site of the Olympic Games in classical times.The Olympic Games were held every four years throughout Classical Antiquity，from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.The first Olympic Games were in honor of Zeus.
The sanctuary，known as the Altis，consists of an unordered arrangement of various buildings.Enclosed within the temenos（sacred enclosure）are the Temple of Hera，the Temple of Zeus，the Pelopion，and the area of the altar，where the sacrifices were made.(https://www.daowen.com)
To the north of the sanctuary can be found the Prytaneion and the Philippeion，as well as the array of treasuries representing the various city-states.The Metroon lies to the south of these treasuries，with the Echo Stoa to the east.The hippodrome and later stadium were located east of the Echo Stoa.To the south of the sanctuary is the South Stoa and the Bouleuterion，whereas the Palaestra，the workshop of Pheidias，the Gymnasion，and the Leonidaion lie to the west.
Olympia was also known for the gigantic ivory and gold statue of Zeus that used to stand there，sculpted by Pheidias，which was named one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World by Antipater of Sidon.Very close to the Temple of Zeus which housed this statue，the studio of Pheidias was excavated in the 1950 s.Evidence found there，such as sculptor's tools，corroborates this opinion.The ancient ruins sit north of the Alfeios River and south of Mount Kronos（named after the Greek deity Kronos）.The Kladeos，a tributary of the Alfeios，flows around the area.
奥林匹亚是古希腊在伯罗奔尼撒半岛埃利斯的一个避难所，因古典时期举办奥运会而闻名。从公元前8世纪到公元4世纪，奥林匹克运动会每四年举办一次。第一届奥林匹克运动会是为了纪念宙斯。
这个被称为避难所的地方由各种建筑无序排列而成。在神圣围地内有赫拉神庙、宙斯神庙、佩洛普斯神庙和祭坛区域。
奥林匹亚因曾经矗立在那里的巨大的象牙和黄金宙斯雕像而闻名，这座雕像由菲迪亚斯雕刻，是古代世界七大奇迹之一。
（3）Temple of Zeus（宙斯神庙）
The massive temple of Zeus，the most important building in the Altis，standing in its very centre，is the largest temple in the Peloponnese，considered by many to be the perfect example of Doric architecture.It was built by the Eleans from the spoils of the Triphylian war and dedicated to Zeus.Construction began 470 BC and was completed before 456 BC，when an inscribed block was let into the east gable to support a gold shield dedicated by the Spartans in commemoration of their victory at Tanagra.
In the temple the statue portrayed Zeus enthroned，holding a sceptre in his left hand and a winged Victory in his right.The undraped parts of the statue were of ivory，while the robe and throne，the latter decorated with relief mythological scenes，were of gold.The temple's opulent sculptural decoration is a fine example of the Severe Style.The east pediment depicted the chariot race between Pelops and Oinomaos，presided by Zeus，master of the sanctuary，whose figure dominated the composition.The west pediment depicted the battle of the Lapiths and Centaurs，arranged round the central figure of Apollo.The twelve metopes，six at each end over the entrance to the pronaos and the opisthodomos，depicted the Labours of Hercules，mythical son of Zeus.
巨大的宙斯神庙是阿尔提斯最重要的建筑，是伯罗奔尼撒最大的神庙，被许多人认为是多立克式建筑的完美典范。神庙建于公元前470年，在公元前456年之前完工。
在神庙中，宙斯的雕像坐在王位上，左手拿着权杖，右手托着一尊胜利女神像。雕像未经修饰的部分是象牙制成的，而长袍和宝座是金色的。
（4）Byzantine and Christian Museum（拜占庭和基督教博物馆）
The Byzantine and Christian Museum is situated at Vassilissis Sofias Avenue in Athens，Greece.It was founded in 1914 and houses more than 25000 exhibits with rare collections of pictures，scriptures，frescoes，pottery，fabrics，manuscripts and copies of artifacts from the 3rd century AD to the late medieval era.It is one of the most important museums in the world in Byzantine Art.In June 2004，in time for its 90th anniversary and the 2004 Athens Olympics，the museum reopened to the public after an extensive renovation and the addition of another wing.
拜占庭和基督教博物馆位于雅典，建于1914年，有25000多件展品，珍藏了从公元3世纪到中世纪晚期的图片、经文、壁画、陶器、织物、手稿和文物复制品。它是世界上最重要的拜占庭艺术博物馆之一。
2）Thessaloniki（塞萨洛尼基）
Thessaloniki is a popular tourist destination in Greece.Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece.Thessalonik iis Greece's second major economic，industrial，commercia land politica lcentre，and a major transportation hub for the res tof southeastern Europe；its commercial port is also of great importance for Greece and the southeastern European hinterland.The city is renowned for its festivals，events and vibrant cultural life in general，and is considered to be Greece's cultural capital.Events such as the Thessaloniki International Trade Fair and the Thessaloniki International Film Festival are held annually，while the city also hosts the largest bi-annual meeting of the Greek diaspora.Thessaloniki is the 2014 European Youth Capital.
Thessalonik iis home to numerous notable Byzantine monuments，including the Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki，a UNESCO World Heritage Site，as well as several Roman，Ottoman and Sephardic Jewish structures.
塞萨洛尼基是希腊第二大城市，也是希腊著名的旅游胜地，是希腊第二大经济、工业、商业和政治中心，也是东南欧主要交通枢纽。这座城市以节日、活动和充满活力的文化生活而闻名，是希腊的文化之都。
塞萨洛尼基是众多著名的拜占庭遗迹的所在地，包括早期基督教和拜占庭古迹，以及一些罗马、奥斯曼和西班牙系犹太人的建筑。
3）Nafplion（纳夫普利翁）
Nafplion，in the Peloponnese in Greece，is a seaport town that has expanded up the hillsides near the north end of the Argolic Gulf（Argolikos Bay）.The town was the capital of Greece from 1829 to 1834.Nafplion is since 2011 the seat of the municipality of Nafplion.
位于希腊伯罗奔尼撒半岛的纳夫普利翁是一个港口城市，1829年到1834年，该市曾是希腊的首都。